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The following measures are important in the prevention of Mycobacterium tuberculosis:

Vaccination

Avoid close contact with infected individuals

Proper ventilation

Use of masks

Prompt diagnosis and treatment

Hygiene

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Symptoms of Mycobacterium tuberculosis include a persistent cough that lasts 3 weeks or longer, chest pain, coughing up blood or sputum, fever, night sweats, chills, fatigue, and unintentional weight loss.

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis primarily affects individuals with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS, young children, the elderly, and people with chronic conditions like diabetes. TB is acquired through the inhalation of airborne droplets containing the bacteria, which are released when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks.

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Treatment for Mycobacterium tuberculosis includes a combination of antibiotics over an extended period of time.

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The long-term effects of Mycobacterium tuberculosis can include severe lung damage, including scarring, reduced lung function, and respiratory problems.