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The Nazi-Soviet Pact, signed between Germany and the Soviet Union in 1939, allowed Hitler to avoid a two-front war and focus on western campaigns, while Stalin gained territory in Eastern Europe. It facilitated the joint invasion of Poland, marking the start of WWII. However, the pact was short-lived as Hitler's invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941 led to a brutal conflict that was decisive in the war's outcome.

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The Nazi invasion of Poland in 1939 involved Germany and the Soviet Union. It swiftly defeated Poland, leading to the outbreak of World War II. The invasion shattered peace in Europe, prompted Britain and France to enter the war, and highlighted the failure of appeasement. It set the stage for broader conflict, with significant shifts in alliances. While not decisive, it marked the beginning of a global war.

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The Maginot Line, built by France, was a defensive barrier against Germany before World War II. In 1940, when Germany invaded France, they bypassed it through Belgium, rendering it ineffective. This highlighted the importance of mobile warfare and strategic flexibility. Germany's success in bypassing the Maginot Line contributed to the fall of France and altered the course of World War II.

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The Battle of France during World War II involved primarily Germany and its Axis allies against France and its allies, including the UK. Germany emerged victorious, leading to the rapid defeat of France and the occupation of its northern region. This gave Germany strategic advantages in Western Europe, showcasing the effectiveness of Blitzkrieg tactics and demoralizing the Allies. The fall of France eliminated a major obstacle for Germany's European ambitions, forcing the UK to stand alone against Nazi Germany for a time.

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The Miracle at Dunkirk occurred during WWII in 1940. Participating countries included Britain, France, Belgium (Allies) and Germany (Axis). The Allies successfully evacuated over 330,000 troops from Dunkirk, boosting morale and preserving their army. Though a retreat, it prevented a catastrophic loss and showed Germany could be resisted. The evacuation's success was a turning point in the war, contributing to the eventual Allied victory.

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The Battle of Britain during World War II involved primarily Nazi Germany and the United Kingdom. The UK, under Winston Churchill, successfully defended against German air attacks, primarily through the RAF. The UK emerged as the winner, preventing a German invasion and boosting Allied morale. The battle shifted German focus away from Britain, contributing to their eventual defeat.

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Operation Barbarossa was a World War II invasion by Nazi Germany into the Soviet Union. Germany aimed to conquer Soviet territory but faced staunch resistance. While initial successes were achieved, the invasion stretched German resources and ultimately contributed to their defeat due to Soviet resilience, harsh conditions, and the Eastern Front becoming a major theater of war. The Soviet Union emerged victorious, marking a turning point in the war and contributing significantly to Nazi Germany's downfall.

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The Battle of Stalingrad, fought between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union from 1942 to 1943, was won by the Soviets. It marked a turning point in World War II, halting the German advance into the USSR and boosting Allied morale. The defeat severely weakened Germany, leading to Soviet offensives that ultimately contributed to the Allied victory in 1945.

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Pearl Harbor:

Countries: Japan attacked the US naval base.

Winners: Japan won tactically, but strategically, it led to the US entry into WWII.

Impact: US entry shifted the war's balance, leading to Allied victory, particularly in the Pacific Theater.

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D-Day, led by the US, UK, and Canada, saw the Allies defeat Nazi Germany in a pivotal invasion. It opened a new front, broke through German defenses, and led to the liberation of Western Europe, boosting Allied morale and setting the stage for the final assault on Germany.

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The D-Day invasion of Normandy during World War II involved the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, and other Allied nations. The Allies emerged victorious, breaking through German defenses and opening a crucial new front in Europe. This invasion significantly weakened Germany's military capabilities and ultimately contributed to the liberation of Western Europe from Axis control, hastening the end of the war.

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The Battle of Midway occurred between the United States and Japan during World War II. The United States emerged victorious, dealing a significant blow to Japan's naval strength. This victory marked a turning point in the war, shifting momentum in favor of the Allies. It boosted American morale and enabled offensive operations that eventually led to Japan's defeat in the Pacific Theater.

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The Battle of Guadalcanal in World War II involved the United States and Japan. The United States emerged victorious, marking a turning point in the Pacific theater. It isolated Japan, boosted Allied morale, and paved the way for further Allied advances. This strategic victory weakened Japan's position and set the stage for subsequent Allied offensives.

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The Battle of Iwo Jima and Okinawa during World War II primarily involved the United States and Japan. The United States emerged victorious in both battles.

The capture of Iwo Jima provided a strategic base for American air operations, while the taking of Okinawa brought Allied forces closer to Japan's mainland.

These battles resulted in heavy casualties on both sides and significantly impacted Japanese morale. They also provided valuable experience and infrastructure for the planned invasion of Japan.

Overall, the battles of Iwo Jima and Okinawa played crucial roles in the Pacific War, setting the stage for the eventual Allied victory.

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The atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki during World War II were carried out by the United States, leading to Japan's surrender and the end of the war in the Pacific. This event demonstrated the devastating power of nuclear weapons and marked the beginning of the nuclear age. While it avoided the need for a full-scale invasion of Japan, it remains highly controversial due to its immense human cost and long-lasting impact on warfare and international relations.

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VJ Day commemorates Japan's surrender in World War II, with major participants being the Allied Powers and Japan. The winners were the Allies, signifying the end of the war in the Pacific. The impact included the use of nuclear weapons, liberation of occupied territories, and significant changes in Japan's society and governance.