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Disruptive technology is an innovation that significantly alters the way that consumers, industries, or businesses operate. A disruptive technology sweeps away the systems or habits it replaces because it has attributes that are recognizably superior.

Recent disruptive technology examples include e-commerce, online news sites, ride-sharing apps, and GPS systems.

In their own times, the automobile, electricity service, and television were disruptive technologies.

Sumber: Winston & Strawn LLP. (2019). What is the Definition of Emerging Technology? Winston & Strawn. https://www.winston.com/en/legal-glossary/emerging-technology.html

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What is Disruptive Technology | 12 Disruptive Technology Examples | E-Learning

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Emerging technology is a term generally used to describe a new technology, but it may also refer to the continuing development of an existing technology; it can have slightly different meaning when used in different areas, such as media, business, science, or education. The term commonly refers to technologies that are currently developing, or that are expected to be available within the next five to ten years, and is usually reserved for technologies that are creating, or are expected to create, significant social or economic effects.

Emerging digital technologies have generated new opportunities while creating new legal challenges, particularly related to copyrights, trademarks, patents, royalties, and licensing. For example, the development of new digital communication technologies and media has given rise to novel issues relating to the digital reproduction and distribution of copyrighted works. The federal government, affected industries, and groups advocating for the public interest have taken (and continue to take) action to craft appropriate protections and offer legal certainty to copyright owners, digital technology companies, the public, and other interested parties.

Sumber: Winston & Strawn LLP. (2019). What is the Definition of Emerging Technology? Winston & Strawn. https://www.winston.com/en/legal-glossary/emerging-technology.html

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15 Emerging Technologies that Will Change the World

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User generated content (UGC), alternatively known as user created content (UCC), is any form of content, such as images, videos, text, and audio, that has been posted by users on online platforms such as social media, discussion forums and wikis. It is a product consumers create to disseminate information about online products or the firms that market them.

Types of user-generated content :

Blogs : services where users can post about many topics

Blog hosting platforms : WordPress, Blogger, Medium, Typepad

Online shopping : Weebly

Social networking : Tumblr, LiveJournal, Sina Weibo

Websites :

Entertainment social media and information sharing websites : Reddit, 9Gag, 4chan, Upworthy and Newgrounds

Fanfiction : FanFiction.Net, Imageboards

Mobile photos and video sharing sites : Picasa, Flickr

Audio social networks : SoundCloud, Crowd funding

Educational :

Free encyclopedia : wikipedia

Instructional aide : YouTube

Teaching through an audio platform : Podcasts

Summarize and analyze books : SparkNotes, Shmoop

Source : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User-generated_content#Definition

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What Is User Generated Content and Can It Help Your Business? | The Journey

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Content Curation in digital design is the “gathering of all the information relevant to a particular topic, subject or audience and presenting it in a way that allows the learner to quickly and easily find what they want”. (Neelakandan, 2019).

Curation elevates the learning experience because it encourages the viewer to engage with the content, ask questions, and come up with their own ideas.

Why is curation important in eLearning?
1. Time-saving.
2. Helps increase the depth of knowledge in a subject area.
3. Content curation and microlearning.
4. Accessibility.

Some useful AI curations tools are:

elink

Bit.ai

Flipboard

Listly

Paper.li

Feedly

Pocket

Triberr

Scoop it

ContentGems

DrumUp

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Content Curation in digital design is the "gathering of all the information relevant to a particular topic, subject or audience and presenting it in a way that allows the learner to quickly and easily find what they want". (Neelakandan, 2019)

However, curation isn't just trawling the web for content and putting it all together in one place, aggregating content can be useful, but curating takes things to the next level.

If you think of curation in the context of a museum, when you visit a museum exhibition you don't just view a random selection of objects from a certain era placed in a room, curation involves a careful selection and display of these objects in a way that provides a context for the viewer, and gives them the opportunity to engage, experience and respond.

Curation elevates the learning experience because it encourages the viewer to engage with the content, ask questions, and come up with their own ideas.

This is how good curation can add value to a museum exhibition, in a similar way good content curation can add value to eLearning.

Why is curation important in eLearning?

We live in the information age, with the world at our fingertips. It is easier than ever to find and research information. But the disadvantage of this is information overload.

We can access a breadth of knowledge, but how do we acquire depth of expertise, and develop our own critical thinking?

With so much information, how can we sort reliable and trusted sources from fake news and biased content?

Content curation has many benefits for learners:

1. Time-saving.

Curation saves time for learners because it selects the best and most relevant content on their chosen topics thereby reducing the amount of time needed to be spent on research.

2. Helps increase the depth of knowledge in a subject area.

Good content curation can help learners can get deeper into a subject area in less time than if they had to review all the source information themselves. It can also juxtapose different discussion angles to show the material in a new light, jump-start discussions and help learners form their own distinct opinions and theories.

3. Content curation and microlearning.

A winning combination for eLearning can be content curation combined with microlearning. According to a survey done by Deloitte the average employee has only 24 minutes a week for training. (Surge9, 2019)

Curated content presented in bite-sized chunks can be a powerful way to achieve learning outcomes in short blocks of time.

4. Accessibility

Content curation has positive implications for accessibility because it can provide options to the learner to choose which format is most appealing to their learning style, such as reading, audio, video, interactive, etc. Providing a choice of formats gives learners more control over their learning.

How learning the art of curation can be a powerful learning tool.

Curation has a twofold benefit for learning. Curated content can help learners get a deeper knowledge of a topic in less time, but learning is not just the consumption of content, it is a process, and by becoming better 'curators" learners can also enhance their own personal development.

Learning is not remembering knowledge. Learning is a behaviour change. The process of practising, getting feedback, and reflecting is key to learning. To build lasting behaviour change you need to do more than provide access to blog posts and other resources. Of course, content, good content, is important, it will provide information but it won't transform the way someone works. (Sprout Labs, 2022)

Curators ask thoughtful questions and find resources that are accurate and interesting. As we curate information, we start to organise ideas into categories, or themes making connections and coming up with fresh ideas to share.

Harold Jarche came up with a content curation framework Sense, Seek, Share

is finding things out and keeping up to date. Building a network of colleagues is helpful in this regard. It not only allows us to "pull" information, but also have it "pushed" to us by trusted sources. Good curators are valued members of knowledge networks.

is how we personalize information and use it. Sensing includes reflection and putting into practice what we have learned. Often it requires experimentation, as we learn best by doing.

includes exchanging resources, ideas, and experiences with our networks as well as collaborating with our colleagues.

The multiple pieces of information that we capture and share can increase the frequency of serendipitous connections, especially across organizations and disciplines where real innovation happens. (Jarche, 2014)

Learners should be curious and questioning, the benefit of curation is that it presents a carefully selected number of sources, but this can also be a downside, as it might miss key topic areas or show bias. By developing their own curation skills learners improve their critical thinking skills and become adept at evaluating content and searching for different viewpoints.

Curation for learning works best when users" sense, seek and share". Part of this process is gaining knowledge, a 'sense' of a topic from curated content and then developing their own curating skills by combining this with their own research, and going on to share critical ideas with their learning community.

What is exciting about content curation is moving away from focussing on content and thinking about the process. Curation then becomes a continual process of finding, processing, and sharing ideas and it is within this process that deeper learning and understanding take place.

Types of Content Curation.

There are three main ways the curation process takes place:

1. Professional Curation - Learning Professionals curate content for courses.

2. Student/Learner Curation- Learners research and curate their own source material.

3. Artificial Intelligence- AI is increasing providing useful tools for curation

AI tools are useful in selecting and aggregating content across the web and presenting it in visually appealing formats, they also offer ease of use and ways to keep all your research materials in one place and have benefits for easily sharing and collaborating with others.

Some useful AI curations tools are:

You can read more about each of them here: https://blog.bit.ai/best-content-curation-tools/

How curation can build a learning experience.

Oliver and Harrington discovered a lot of what was being produced for learning content was a resource, it wasn't a learning experience. To be a learning experience there must be tasks for people to do and supports to help them do the tasks. ( Sprout Labs, 2022)

Content curation is important for learning for two reasons, if learning professionals can utilise the wealth of content that already exists, they can focus more on designing better learning processes.

If learners can engage with relevant content that encourages them to build their own curation skills and share their ideas then the learning moves from simplistic content consumption to a learning experience that can start to build a culture of learning and community within an organisation.

References

Virtual College (2022) Content creation vs content curation in e-learning. Available at: https://www.virtual-college.co.uk/resources/content-creation-vs-content-curation-in-e-learning

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Content Curation in digital design is the "gathering of all the information relevant to a particular topic, subject or audience and presenting it in a way that allows the learner to quickly and easily find what they want".

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Agile learning, or agile instructional design, refers to any approach to training development that focuses on speed, flexibility, and collaboration.

Agile is a term usually associated with software development. But as the speed of business increases, other business functions have adopted agile techniques to help them pivot quickly with market changes. L&D leaders observed that the process of developing learning experiences in today’s digital age could greatly benefit from the agile methodology. As such, agile learning was born.

Agile also embraces speed. As L&D leaders are continually challenged with rolling out training that is highly complex, the ability to rapidly develop and distribute a large volume of learning content is paramount.

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Here are a few examples of disruptive technologies:

The personal computer (PC) displaced the typewriter and forever changed the way we work and communicate.

The Windows operating system's combination of affordability and a user-friendly interface was instrumental in the rapid development of the personal computing industry in the 1990s. Personal computing disrupted the television industry, as well as a great number of other activities.

Email transformed the way we communicating, largely displacing letter-writing and disrupting the postal and greeting card industries.

cell phones made it possible for people to call us anywhere and disrupted the telecom industry.

The laptop computer and mobile computing made a mobile workforce possible and made it possible for people to connect to corporate networks and collaborate from anywhere. In many organizations, laptops replaced desktops.

Smartphones largely replaced cell phones and PDAs and, because of the available apps, also disrupted: pocket cameras, MP3 players, calculators and GPS devices, among many other possibilities. For some mobile users, smartphones often replace laptops. Others prefer a tablet.

Cloud computing has been a hugely disruptive technology in the business world, displacing many resources that would conventionally have been located in-house or provided as a traditionally hosted service.

Social networking has had a major impact on the way we communicate and -- especially for personal use -- has disrupted telephone, email, instant messaging and event planning.