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Learning Intentions:

We are learning how light behaves in different conditions.

We are learning how shadows are formed and affected by the distance between objects and light sources.

We are learning how to plan and carry out fair scientific investigations.

We are learning how to analyse data and explain results using scientific language and diagrams.

We are learning how light technologies help us in everyday life.

Success Criteria:

✅ I can describe how light travels in straight lines.

✅ I can explain reflection, refraction, and absorption.

✅ I can draw and label ray diagrams accurately.

✅ I can plan and conduct a science experiment with a clear method and variables.

✅ I can present data using tables, diagrams, and scientific vocabulary.

✅ I can describe how technology uses light to improve our lives.

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Light Source – An object that gives off light (e.g. Sun, torch, candle).

Opaque – Blocks all light; creates dark shadows (e.g. wood).

Transparent – Lets light pass through clearly (e.g. glass).

Translucent – Lets some light through but not clearly (e.g. frosted glass).

Reflection – When light bounces off a surface like a mirror.

Refraction – The bending of light when it passes through a different material.

Absorption – When an object takes in light energy.

Filter – A transparent material that absorbs some colours of light and lets others pass through.

Shadow – A dark shape formed when an object blocks light.

Ray Diagram – A drawing that shows the path of light using arrows.

Angle of Incidence – The angle between the incoming ray and the surface.

Angle of Reflection – The angle between the reflected ray and the surface.

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Key Information:

Light is a form of energy that travels in straight lines.

It allows us to see things when it reflects off objects into our eyes.

Light can be natural (e.g. Sun, stars) or artificial (e.g. torch, lightbulb).

Light travels faster than sound.

Light behaves differently depending on the materials it hits.

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Key Information:

Light bounces off shiny or smooth surfaces.

The Law of Reflection: The angle of incidence = angle of reflection.

Mirrors reflect light in predictable ways.

Reflection helps us in everyday life (e.g., mirrors, periscopes, road signs).

Your Turn!

Have a go at uploading a labelled Ray Diagram showing reflection.

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Key Information:

Refraction happens when light changes speed as it passes through different materials (like air to water).

This makes objects look bent or distorted.

Refraction occurs in lenses, water, and glass.

It's used in glasses, microscopes, magnifying glasses.

Your Turn: Student Task:

Post a photo of a refraction experiment.

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Key Information:

Dark colours absorb more light, light colours reflect more.

Filters are coloured materials that absorb some wavelengths of light and let others through.

If you look through a red filter, you see mostly red light.

Objects appear different colours under different lights or filters.

Example:

A red apple under a green light looks black because it can't reflect green.

Student Task:

Try using different coloured cellophane filters and post your findings.

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Key Information:

Shadows form when light is blocked by an opaque object.

The closer the light source, the larger and fuzzier the shadow.

The further away, the smaller and sharper the shadow.

Student Task:

Describe how shadow size changed and why.

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Ray diagrams show how light travels and behaves.

Diagrams must have:

Light source

Straight lines (rays) with arrows

Labels (e.g., mirror, object, eye, angles)

Student Task:

Post a diagram you have drawn or created

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Key Information:

Light is used in:

Cameras – to capture images.

Torches – to see in the dark.

Solar panels – convert light to energy.

Projectors – send light through lenses to display images.

Lasers – used in medicine, measuring, or cutting.

Student Task:

Find and post a photo of a light-using device.

Write how light helps that device work and why it’s useful.