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According to PACTE group is a hidden system of knowledge required to translate.

Typically, this knowledge is declarative (knowledge of the principles governing translation and other aspects of professional translation practice) and practical/procedural (the way in which subjects approach the translation of a specific text and the uits it and the untis it comprises).

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Translation competence is vital because it enables accurate, clear, and culturally relevant communication between different language speakers, improving global connectivity and understanding

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A translator or interpreter must have a very strong command of both the source and target languages. This means not only grammar and vocabulary, but also style, register and idioms.

Example: "He kicked the bucket." - if we translate word-for-word (Ол шелекті тепті), it makes no sense.

Correct rendering: Ол қайтыс болды.

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Even with strong language, culture, and research skills, translators and interpreters face unexpected challenges: unclear source text, missing words, or time pressure. Strategic competence is the ability to solve problems creatively and effictively.

Strategic competence is about flexibilty and decision-making to keep communication flowing.

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3. Research and Technological competence

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3. Research and Technological competence

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No translator or interpreter knows every term. Professional work requires strong research skills and the ability to use technology.

-Using online dictionaries, corpora, government websites, and specialized glossaries.

-This competence is about finding reliable equivalents quickly and ensuring consistency.

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Language always reflects culture. Translators and interpreters must reconize when a phrase of reference carries cultural meaning that may not exist in the target culture.

Cultural competence ensures that the message "makes sense" for the target audience.

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When translating a novel, one of the most difficult problems to solve is cultural
references (e.g. institutions, traditional dishes, etc.). 

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The most important thing when translating a text is to make sure that the target
readers react in the same way to the target text as the readers of the original text. 

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The most important thing when translating is to think of the target reader. 