# data[].attributes.headline
Norm is compared to peers  and criterion is compared to a predetermined criterion. 

# data[].attributes.subject
Norm is compared to peers  and criterion is compared to a predetermined criterion. 

# data[].attributes.headline
Norm is compared to same aged peers and criterion reference is compared to a measurement (80%)

# data[].attributes.subject
Norm is compared to same aged peers and criterion reference is compared to a measurement (80%)

# data[].attributes.body
Norm-Referenced tests compares and ranks test takers in relation to each other. Criterion-Referenced tests compare the test takers to a given standard.

# data[].attributes.body
Norm = peers, criterion = set of skills

# data[].attributes.body
Norm Referenced: compares individual score to average score of same age peers

Criterion: performance is assessed through any means, not evaluated against statistical norms

# data[].attributes.headline
CR is compared to a set of criterion for scoring while NR is compared to same aged peers

# data[].attributes.subject
CR is compared to a set of criterion for scoring while NR is compared to same aged peers

# data[].attributes.body
Norm-referenced: measures pre-identified norms (from peers)

Criterion-referenced: measures performance against a specific standard or criteria

# data[].attributes.headline
formative is throughout and summative is at end (e.g. end of unit exam)

# data[].attributes.subject
formative is throughout and summative is at end (e.g. end of unit exam)

# data[].attributes.body
Summative assessments are at the end of an assessment, compiling all information. Formative is throughout, measuring progress as one learns.

# data[].attributes.body
formative is throughout

summative is at the end (sum of whole year)

# data[].attributes.body
Formative: low stake check-ins

Summative: high stake assessments

# data[].attributes.headline
formative is taken throughout period of time like check ins while summative is a summary of entire period of time

# data[].attributes.subject
formative is taken throughout period of time like check ins while summative is a summary of entire period of time

# data[].attributes.body
Criterion referenced - measures students' performance against a standard set of skills (e.g. licensing exams)

Norm referenced - compares students' performance against a larger group of peers

(e.g. SAT, ACT)