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Basic Idea:To use communication technology for educating the society and bringing awareness among all, about the importance of technology.

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Basic Idea:To use communication technology for educating the society and bringing awareness among all, about the importance of technology.

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Rajat Gupta                                      References

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Rajat Gupta                                      References

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References

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Rajat Gupta                                     Brain Storm And Conclusion       

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Rajat Gupta                                     Brain Storm And Conclusion       

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While working on my topic "Communication satellites : Technologies And systems" I came across how the satellites work, what are its main application in today's modern world and also discovered that how improvement in the present communication technology can change our life.

From my point of view the communication technology should improve and so government should invest smartly on the development of the communication technology as it would make everyone's life much more simpler and would also create new opportunities to work on. It is a feasible suggestion as 'better communication means a better life'.

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RAJBIR SINGH                                                                                                                                     BRAIN STORM AND CONCLUSION

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RAJBIR SINGH                                                                                                                                     BRAIN STORM AND CONCLUSION

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While working on my topic NAVIGATION SATELLITES I have gathered a lot of information regarding the uses and future perspectives of it.As all developing and developed countries across the globe compete with one another on basis of technological development .In present era we all need is more control on satellites as the are of tremendous use .All nations spy on other nations using their technology .But to get best results we need to overcome problems related to it. There are various ways of overcoming inaccuracies. By using a fixed receiver in a known position as a reference.The time taken for the signal to travel from the satellite to the fixed receiver can be calculated precisely because the positions of the fixed receiver and the satellites (and hence the length of the travel path) are known precisely. Any difference between the calculated travel time and that actually measured reflects inaccuracies introduced by disturbances in the ionosphere.

Thus we can conclude from above that satellites are of utmost importance for all nations and still many innovations are needed to make navigation satellites better.

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Who are the authors of journal 'SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS AND IMPAC ON DEVELOPING ECONOMIES''?

Matthew K. Luka, Orya M. Kwaghdoo,Adeyemi A. Alatishe

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RISHABH MISHRA                                                                         BRAIN STORMS AND CONCLUSION

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RISHABH MISHRA                                                                         BRAIN STORMS AND CONCLUSION

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While working on my topic ''SATELLITES COMMUNICATIONS AND IMPACT ON DEVELOPING ECONOMIES'' i learned about various fields where satellite can be put to use and how satellite communications are helping developing nations to increase their wealth and prosperity . In 21st century , it has almost become part of our daliy life. we are surrounded by an society and era where most of the things are based on information technology.

Communication challenges of developing nations require a range of suitable country-specific solutions. Solutions appropriate to prevailing economic, geographical and technological conditions, appropriate to end user requirements, and taking into account local price structure and cultural characteristics. The use of satellite communication in developing economies for meeting communications needs such as broadcast and multicast of digital content, entertainment television, voice and telephony networks, data communications and the Internet as well as mobile and personal communication has a positive impact on the development of these economies. As explored in this paper, the impact is tremendous in critical areas of the economy such as medicine, agriculture, education .

In my point of view, satellite communications can be greatly productive in field of EDUCATION . In remote areas where educational facilities are not available, satellite can be a great tool in providing necessary and required information to people. Developing nations like India , China, Pakistan, and others can use this aspect of satellite communications to remove illetracy among adults and children.

Satellite communications can be frequently used by eductional instititions and universities for Smooth and fast functioning of their academic programmes and management.

Distance learning through video conferencing, where participants are tutored remotely for the same quality of education. Online degree has successfully produced graduates in various fields today from different universities across the world at a fraction of the cost of attending the same schools abroad.

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How is satellite communications serve as a link to connect the world?
ANS- Technology and economy are links of same chain.internet,mobile services and satellite services are all that surrounds.
2-What is the importance of internet acess in satellite communications?
ans- information on internet and social media like facebook, twitter are important example as to internet acess. it improves effectiveness of development community.
3-Does satellite communication helps in improving health standards of country?
Ans-yes, telemedicine and e-health are exaples which prove that it helps in improving health standards.
4-Give some examples where satellite communications are helping in educaion?
Ans- distance learning through video conferencing, informations on internet ,lectures on internet.
5-VSAT technologies help in rapid disaster management . Explain.
VSAT are cheapest and quickest way to reach remmote satellites, where terestial facilities are not available.once satellite capacity is available in a country , the network can be installed in a week.

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We know that satellites communication has been successful in education esecially in country like india where millions of students are there.

Which institute in india has been succesfully in employing the use of satellites for admission in their acadmic programmes?

1]IIT

2]NIT

3]BITS

4]Others

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Do you agree that satellites communications have been helpful in providing agricultural benefits to developing nations?

1]agree

2]disagree

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Which organisation is responsible for providing developing countries and the international community with enhanced access to satellite imagery and GIS service?

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Which country has been leading in using satellites for the purpose of e health and telemedicine?

1]India

2]Israel

3]USA

4]China

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Rajat Gupta                                      New terms in the document:       

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Rajat Gupta                                      New terms in the document:       

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1) Telemetry:

Telemetry is an automated communications process by which measurements are made and other data collected at remote or inaccessible points and transmitted to receiving equipment for monitoring. The word is derived from Greek roots: tele = remote, and metron = measure.

2) Marvel:

A wonderful or astonishing person or thing.

3) Celestial bodies:

Acelestial bodyis any natural body outside of the Earth's atmosphere.

4) Space segment:

The space segment is one of the three components of artifical satellites.

5) Propulsion:

The action of driving or pushing forward.

6) Strut:

A rod or bar forming part of a framework and designed to resist compression.

7) Perturbed:

anxious or unsettled, upset.

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Rajat Gupta :                              Youtube video on application of communication satellites :

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Rajat Gupta :                              Youtube video on application of communication satellites :

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This video tutorial shows how satellite Broadcast works. TATA sky DBS taken as example. Pictures are taken from www.howstuffworks.com Details about your satellite, channel frequenies etc can be found at http://www.sathint.com/

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1)When was the first manmade satellite launched?

Ans: The first manmade satellite was launched in 1957

.

2)What is satellite payload?

Ans: Satellite payload is responsible for establishing connections between communications devices.

3)What is the need of communication satellites?

Ans: There are a number of applications of communication satellites such as weather predictions ,telecommunications ,navigation and many more.

4)How are EM waves characterised?

Ans: EM waves are characterised by frequency in cycles per second.

5)What are uplink and downlink signals?

Ans :The signals sent from ground to the satellite are uplink signals.

The signals sent from the satellites to the ground are known as downlink signals.

6) Who invented the fcommunication satellite?

Ans: Arthur C. Clarke is quoted as the inventor of the communication satellite.

7) Where are the communication satellites located in the space?

Ans: The communication satellites orbits the earth in three major ways. These orbits are called GEO, MEO and LEO.

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Applications of communication satellites:

1)Easy flow of information .

2) Disaster Mnagement.

3) Better communication facilities.

4) Navigation purposes.

5) For military purposes.

6) For E-Learning

7)

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APPLICATIONS OF  NAVIGATION SATELLITES

1) IN SURVEYING AND MAPPING

2) IN GEOPHYSICS AND GEOLOGY

3) FOR SPYING AND RADAR MONITORING

4) FOR MOBILE COMMUNICAGTION

5) IN ARCHEOLOGY

6) IN EMERGENCY AND LOCATION BASED SERVICES

7) OTHER MILITARY AND CIVIL USES

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WORKING OF GPS

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RAJBIR SINGH                                       NEW WORDS AND TERMS

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RAJBIR SINGH                                       NEW WORDS AND TERMS

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1GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM - It geographic information system (GIS) is a system designed to capture, store, ma iosnipulate, analyze, manage, and present all types of spatial or geographical data. The acronym GIS is sometimes used for geographic information science (GIScience) to refer to the academic discipline that studies geographic information systems and is a large domain within the broader academic discipline of Geoinformatics
2 Radar  -It is an object-detection system that uses radio waves to determine the range, angle, or velocity of objects. It can be used to detect aircraft, ships, spacecraft, guided missiles, motor vehicles,weather formations, and terrain. A radar transmits radio waves or microwaves that reflect from any object in their path.

3 GLONASS - GLONASS is an acronym, which stands for Globalnaya Navigazionnaya Sputnikovaya Sistema, or Global Navigation Satellite System.

4 GNSS-GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) is a satellite system that is used to pinpoint the geographic location of a user's receiver anywhere in the world.
5 Downlink - It means reflecting the received signal back on earth.
6 HYPERLINK-It is a reference to data that the reader can directly follow either by clicking or by hovering
7 GPS - The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a space-based navigation system that provides location and time information in all weather conditions, anywhere on or near the Earth where there is an unobstructed line of sight to four or more GPS satellites.

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Answer to RAJBIR's question

1]it has several uses such as in rapid disaster management,distance learning, effective crime and theft control, telemedicine , and e health

2]Sputnik 1 in 1957 was first satellite launched

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RISHABH MISHHOME SERVICE THROUGH SATELLITES

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RISHABH MISHHOME SERVICE THROUGH SATELLITES

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http://image.slidesharecdn.com/dcn1ppt-140313070724-phpapp02/95/communication-satellite-11-638.jpg?cb=1394694500

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APPLICATIONS OF SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS

1]RAPID DISASTER MANAGEMENT

2]DISTANCE LEARNING

3]AGRICULTURAL BENEFITS

4]AFFORDABLE SATELLITE SEVICES

5]TRACKING FOR THEFT AND CRIME CONTROL

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RISHABH MISHRA              METHODS OF COLLECTION OF DATA

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RISHABH MISHRA              METHODS OF COLLECTION OF DATA

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SEARCHED on internet. consulted various sites such as www. esoa.net , sanjay krishnan [april 26 2005 ] " india to be teleradiology hub " available - www.rediff.com/money /2005/apr/26inter.htm

1)Prince Osuagwu " stemming capital flight through satellite , the nigcomsat way " vanguard newspaper 3 rd aug 2011 .

2)Bruce r.albert - satellite communications applications handbook "

second edition manchester uk 2004
3)

1.  "KHEDA COMMUNICATIONS PROJECTS". Satellite Application Centre. Retrieved November 21, 2013.

2. Jump up^ "International Programme for the Development of Communication (IPDC)". United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved December 9,2013.

3. Jump up^ Chavda, Hitesh (November 17, 2013). "Non-descript village in Kheda, that incubated India's television revolution, forgotten in history". Times of India. RetrievedDecember 9, 2013.

4. Jump up^ "JHABUA DEVELOPMENT COMMUNICATIONS PROJECT (JDCP)". Satellite Applications Centre. RetrievedNovember 21, 2013.

5. Jump up^ "Vigyan Prasar EduSAT Network". Deptt of Science and Technology. Retrieved November 21, 2013.

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RISHABH MISHRA                   NEW TERMS IN DOCUMENT

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RISHABH MISHRA                   NEW TERMS IN DOCUMENT

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1]VERSATILITY

2]CONSORTIA

3]IMPETUS

4]CONSTELLATION

5]BURGEONING

6]IDIOSYNCRASIES

MEANING OF THESE WORDS

1]capable of , or adapted for turning easily from one to another of various task

2]combination of financial institutions,capitalists,etc.,forcarrying into effect some financial operation requiring large resources of capital.

3]amovingforce;impulse;stimulus:

4]

1. any of various groups of stars to which definite names have been given, as Ursa Major, UrsaMinor, Boötes, Cancer, Orion.

2. any brilliant,outstanding group or assemblage

5]to grow or develop quickly;flourish : 6]a characteristic, habit,mannerism,or thelike,thatis peculiar to an individual.

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RISHABH MISHRA                  SURVEY QUESTIONS

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RISHABH MISHRA                  SURVEY QUESTIONS

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1)How satellites are helpful in developing economies of developing nations?

TARGET AUDIENCE

Economists, government, general public,

2)Does satellite communications helps in improving health standards of people?

TARGET AUDIENCE

politicians, doctors, government,UNO

3)-What is the importance of internet acess in satellite communications?

TARGET AUDIENCE

Multinational companies like facebook and twitter, educational institutes, private firms

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RISHABH MISHRA                             Lecture on satellite communications in IIT Kharagpur

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RISHABH MISHRA                             Lecture on satellite communications in IIT Kharagpur

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Lecture Series on Computer Networks by Prof. S. Ghosh,Department of Computer Science & Engineering, I.I.T.,Kharagpur. For more Courses visit http://nptel.iitm.ac.in

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RISHABH MISHRA                 Telemedicine provides  better health at low cost

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RISHABH MISHRA                 Telemedicine provides  better health at low cost

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How TeleMedicine Provides Better Service at a Lower Cost

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TeleMedicine doesn't replace insurance, but it can work in conjunction with your insurance plan to provide immediate advice when you need it. Faster than a visit to your doctor's office. Far less costly than urgent care or the emergency room. TeleMedicine is the right choice for routine medical problems and questions.

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RISHABH MISHRA                        E-HEALTH

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RISHABH MISHRA                        E-HEALTH

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Give some applications and uses of navigation satellites.

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https://www.esoa.net/home.htm

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-Communication challenges of developing nations require a range of suitable country specific solutions.broadcast and multicast of digital content , entertainment,television,voice and telephony networks.internet as well as mobile communication have positive impact on development of these economies.This article provides several illustrations of the growing economic importance and scope of communications satellite service and discusses how rapid development of new telecommunications systems, particularly those that include communications satellite systems, serve as a major stimulant of economic growth. There is evidence that communications satellites are capable of making important economic contributions to developed and developing countries alike. The rapid proliferation of separate communications satellites, although stimulating economic growth, is giving rise to concerns about intersystem connectivity and saturation of the available radio frequencies in geosynchronous orbit. The growth of the communications satellite industry to an activity level of perhaps $10,000 million per annum by the mid-to-late-1980s could assist in the development of multipurpose space platforms that could minimize the problems created by satellite proliferation.

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IMPACT OF BROADBAND ON ECONOMY AND GDP

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ROLE OF COMMUNICATON SATELLITE IN DISASTER MANAGEMENT

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ECONOMIC BENEFITS OF SATELLITE COMMUNICATION

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RISHABH MISHRA                            JOURNAL:Satellite Communication And Impact on developing conomies

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RISHABH MISHRA                            JOURNAL:Satellite Communication And Impact on developing conomies

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RISHABH MISHRA                                                                                POST PROOF

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RISHABH MISHRA                                                                                POST PROOF

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[1] European Satellite Operators association, ‘About Satellites: Economies of satellites’, http://www.esoa.net/Economics_of_satellites.htm [2] Emmanuel Adugu, et al, ‘’Politics and Technology Converge: Case Studies on the Effect of regulatory Reform on VSAT Adoption in Developing Countries’’, Online Journal of Space Communications, Dec. 2003. [3] Prince Osuagwu, ‘’ Stemming Capital Flight through Satellite, the NigComSat Way’’, Vanguard Newspaper , 3rd Aug., 2011. [4] Bruce R. Elbert, ‘’The Satellite Communications Applications Handbook’’, 2nd edition, Artech House, Manchester, UK, 2004. [5] Sanjay Krishnan (April 26, 2005), “india to be teleradiology hub!” available: http://www.rediff.com/money/2005/apr/26inter.htm. [6] Chanuka WattegamA, “ICT for disaster Management”, United Nations Development Programme- (APCICT), Bangkok, Thailand, 2007, ISBN: 978-974-8283-94-4.

[7]https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S22u7_Eq26g

[8]https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5vvmfyHfoJg

[9]https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7VJtFN382DI

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AN INTRODUCTION TO SATELLITE COMMUNICAION

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SATCOM & VSAT Volume 2 Part 1: Introduction to Satellite Communications | By: Dr. Ernest Simo

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SATCOM & VSAT Volume 2 Part 1: Introduction to Satellite Communications | By: Dr. Ernest Simo

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SURVEY QUESTIONS

1How navigation satellites are being miisused by terrorists ?

TARGET AUDIENCE

This is for scientists , engineers , technical advisors and intelligence and spying agencies.

2)How is increasing the number of navigation satellites helpful?

TARGET AUDIENCE

People of different walks of life and all age groups including teenagers because they use facilities provided by navigation satellites.

3)How to make this facility available to poor and uneducated people?

TARGET AUDIENCE

It includes Government

Ministry Of Human Resource Development and United Nations organisation

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Yes, I can take a survey on my topic. The questioner is as follow:

1) What is the present scenario of the communication facilities at your home?

2) Are you able to access internet?

3) If yes, then are you satisfied with the speed of internet?

4) Are you satisfied with the communication facilities in "India"?

5) Does improvement in the communication would benefit you in any way?

Target Audience

Public

I plan to infer the quality of the communication facilities being available in the country and how better communication sources would affect the life of everyone

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RAJBIR SINGH                                                   POST PROOF

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RAJBIR SINGH                                                   POST PROOF

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URL OF JOURNAL- International Journal of Software and Web Sciences (IJSWS)
www.iasir.net

BOOK NAME- Global Navigation Satellite Systems and Their Applications

AUTHORS -T. P. Surya Chandra Rao Dr.G.Manoj Someswar Dhanunjaya Rao. Chigurukota

REFERENCES

[1] Orbcomm
[2] Joe Mehaffey. Is it Safe to use a handheld GPS Receiver on a Commercial Aircraft?. Accessed May 15, 2006.
[3] JLR-10 GPS Compass. Accessed Jan. 6, 2007.
[4] Diomidis Spinellis. Position-annotated photographs: A geotemporal web. IEEE Pervasive Computing, 2(2):72–79, April-Jun

YOUTUBE LINK-

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VIDEO ON SATELLITE NAVIGATION

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Satellite-navigation systems have become so common that we take for granted the technology - in space and here on Earth - that makes them possible. Satellites, atomic clocks and good old-fashioned geometry fit into the equation. But how do sat-nav systems actually work?

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RAJBIR                                                           Answer to Rajat

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RAJBIR                                                           Answer to Rajat

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There are of many types like communication satellites , bio satellites , miniature satellites , tether satellites.Navigational satellites are GNSS , GPS1 and GPS2.

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 RAJBIR SINGH                               METHODS OF COLLECTING DATA

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 RAJBIR SINGH                               METHODS OF COLLECTING DATA

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1) By internet browsing I found relevant sites related to my topic.The different sites are www.iasir.com ,www.sciencetigers .com,.www.ijser.org/journals‎ ,www.jstor.org/.

2) Tried to explore deeper into the topic by reading other related journals by different authors like T. P. Surya Chandra Rao Dr.G.Manoj Someswar Dhanunjaya Rao. Chigurukota

3) Went through online digital library of BPHC to get more material.

4) WATCHED YOUTUBE VIDEOS ON SATELLITE NAVIGATION

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RAJBIR SINGH                                                                                    SUMMARY

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RAJBIR SINGH                                                                                    SUMMARY

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A satellite navigation or satnav system is a system of satellites that provide autonomous geo-spatial positioning with global coverage.First satellite was launched was TRANSIT.The modern navigation system is gift of scientists and engineers of various countries like USA ,Russia,India etc. It developed over time and is underlying principle of many important systems like GPS and satellite communication. This Research Article is devoted to presenting recent results and developments in GNSS theory, system, signal, receiver, method and errors sources such as multipath effects and atmospheric delays.GPS GLONASS and DORIS are operational navigation systems whereas G alileo and BELDOU are developing nnavigation systems.

There are many organizations related to navigation satellites

United Nations International Committee on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (ICG)

Institute of Navigation (ION) GNSS Meetings

The International GNSS Service (IGS), formerly the International GPS Service

International Global Navigation Satellite Systems Society Inc (IGNSS)

Satellite navigation systems provide enhanced accuracy and integrity monitoring usable for civil navigation.the other fields related to it are military ,commerce,forecast,,cars etc. Future needs of humans of 21st century can only be catered by more and more development in this scientific field.

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  RAJBIR SINGH                               Global Navigation Satellite Systems and Their Applications

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  RAJBIR SINGH                               Global Navigation Satellite Systems and Their Applications

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I collected the relevant information on communication satellites from newspapers, e-books, youtube, journals, different websites and through the following links;

http://libraryopac.bits-hyderabad.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-main.pl?logout.x=1

http://www.sciencedirect.com/

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How a communication satellites work?

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Summary of Journal

The journal's main idea is the communication satellites. The journal explains about the working of communication satellites and its various applications in different fields.

More than half of the satellites are dedicated to telecommmunication purposes. A typical communication satellite consist of a bus and a communication payload. A satellite bus is the general model on which multiple-production satellite spacecraft are often based. The bus is the infrastructure of a spacecraft, usually providing locations for the payload . The communication payload is responsible for establishing connections between comunications devices. Antennas act as interfaces between transmitted/recieved signals.

The signals communicated between the satellite and the antennas are the electromagnetic radiations. The electromagnetic radiation are characterized by frequency in cycles per second.

The communication satellite has become an important part of our life as television, mobile phones , internet and many more things completely depend on communication satellites for their working.

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A video on satellites

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Geostationary satellites are positioned one-tenth of the way to the moon (about 36,000 km), but how do they stay there? This video shows how satellites stay in orbit.

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Rajat Gupta, Journal:Communications Satellites - Technologies And Systems

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Rajat Gupta, Journal:Communications Satellites - Technologies And Systems

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1)What is meant by space segment in communication satellites?

2)What is communication payload?

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ANSWER TO RAJAT'S QUESTION

ANS1- Satellite communications play a wide role in connecting people around the world and developing economies by mutual understanding among nations and improve nations wealth by many ways such as telemedicine,distance learning etc.

ANS2- Distance learning through video conferrencing, acessing vital information on internet, attending lectuers online are some examples

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Reply To Rishabh's Questions

1)The space segment consist of satellite, uplink and downlink.

2)Communication payload is responsible for establishing connections between communications satellites.

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1) What is the importance of satellite communication on developing economies?

2) Give some examples where satellite communications helps in spreading education around the world?

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ANSWER TO RAJAT 'S QUESTIONS

ANS1 Navigation satellites are satellites that gives us the exact geographical position of an object.

ANS2 Its uses are mobile satellite communications,GPS Mapping,surveying educational and military uses. it is also used for archeological purposes and in telivision media.

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ANSWER TO RAJAT's QUESTIONS

Ans1:A satellitevnavigation or satnav system is a system of  satellites that provide autonomous geo-spatial positioning with global coverage.

Ans 2 : It has many uses like Mobile Satellite Communications ,GPS,Mapping, surveying and has many civil and military uses.It is also used for archeology and geology

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Answer To Rajbir's Questions

Ans 1: Communication satellites are used for navigation, communication, telecomunications and many more.

Ans 2: In 1957 the first satellite waa launched.

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1)What are the uses of communication satellites?

2)When was first satellite launched ?

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Q.1) What are navigation satellites?

Q.2) What are its uses?