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Soldiers fought each other from trenches and they traded huge losses of human life for small land gains.
In the trenches, the life of these soldiers was pure miserable. They were surrounded by nothing but mud and with rats. They had no fresh food and sleeping was impossible.
The new tools of war which were machine guns, poison gas, armored tanks, and larger artillery did not kill large numbers of people as they expected.

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The assassination of Archduke Ferdinand sparked the begging of the first word war

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The central powers included Germany, Austria, and the Ottoman empire.
The Allies Consisted of France, Russia, Ireland, Britain, and Serbia.

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The Axis Powers powers included Japan, Germany, and Italy. The Allied powers included France, Soviet Union, Britain, and the United States.

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Poison Gas: Soldiers worn masks to protect themselves from the gas because this gas was brought by the Germans but used by both sides. The gas could cause blindness, severe blisters, or by choking.
Machine Gun: The machine gun could fire ammunition automatically and could wipe out waves of attackers, which made it difficult for forces to advance.
Tank: It was an armored combat vehicle that was able to move to move on chain tracks.
Submarine: The submarine's primary weapon was the torpedo.

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The "spark" of the second world war was the bombing of Pearl Harbor and the invasion of Poland lead by Hitler

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Influenza was a huge factor in the amount of casualties. The epidemic killed 12 million people in India and 1,500 in Berlin

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The German invasion of Poland tested the strategy of Germany of blitzkrieg. This military strategy used fast moving airplanes and tanks to take the enemy by surprise and overwhelm them.

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Nationalism: Nationalism was a major part in the cause of the 1st World War because it caused a lot of countries to try and overpower the other countries.
Imperialism and Militarism: Nations of Europe competed fiercely for colonies in Africa and Asia. The push for these colonies sometimes pushed European nations to the brink of war.
Alliances: Because of a program to try and get the German navy to be equal to the British Fleet, Britain formed an entente, or alliance, with France. Then later in 1907 they formed another alliance with Russia. This was called the triple entente.

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During the second world war 11,799,855 civilians were killed and 18,810,578 military were killed or went missing in action

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Maxim Machine Gun: The first portable automatic machine gun. This machine gun fired hundreds of rounds per minute.
First Military Plane: They could drop bombs to their enemy below.
Tanks: The tank allowed armies to travel over uneven ground and barbed wire. This was devastating against soldiers in trenches.
Poison gas: The gas caused suffocation, blistered skin, or blindness.
German Me 262: Military jet planes were used to add speed to fire power.
Atomic Bomb: This bomb creates an explosion that causes massive damage. The radioactive particles released are carried by winds for weeks

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The total war meant that the countries devoted all their resources to the war effort. An example of this was when many goods were short in supply and the government had to turn to rationing. The government also began propaganda which meant that they developed one-sided information to persuade people to support the war. Total war meant that government turned to women to replace thousands of men. Women built tanks and plowed fields and much more.

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Imperialism and Militarism: Military powers took over japan after the great depression hit then in 1929. Unlike fascists in Europe, these military powers did not try and establish a new military government. And in 1937 Japan invaded China .
Alliances: In October 1936 Germany and Italy reached and agreement that became known as the Rome-Berlin Axis. A month later Germany also made an agreement with Japan.
Nationalism: Hitler defied the treaty of Versailles and used German nationalism to take power. Mussolini also used Italian nationalism to take power.

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Those on the front supported the allied forces which allowed Americans to produce the weapons to win the warThe government converted their peacetime operations to wartime production. The government also developed propaganda which created fear like to people who lived in Hawaii.

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Woodrow Wilson had a pan for peace called the 14 points. The first four points included an end to secret treaties, freedom of the seas, free trade, and reduced nation armies and navies. The guiding idea behind these points was self-determination. This meant allowing people to decide for themselves under what government they wish to live in. There was also the treaty of Versailles between Germany and the Allied powers which was signed on June 28, 1919. This treaty in the end caused some nations including Russia, and the Ottoman Turks to lose a lot of land.

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In June 1945, the United States and the Soviet Union came to an agreement and set their differences and along with 48 countries, they formed the United Nations. The UN was meant to protect their members against aggression.
The Nuremberg Trials was created to deal with the issue of war crimes. This trial charged Nazi leaders with waging a war on aggression. The Marshall plan was made by U.S secretary of States George Marshall which proposed they give aid to needy European countries. This meant giving food, machinery, and other materials to rebuild Western Europe.The Human Rights issued the Universal Declaration of Human Rights which set human rights standards for all nations. This meant that everyone has the right to life, liberty, and security of each individual.