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1. Active management of 3rd stage of labor
- use of IM uterotonics (syntocinon) with the delivery of ant shoulder
- early clamping of cord
- controlled cord traction with the other hand suprapubically on the fundus. (This prevents inversion of the uterus)
- fundal massage

2. Signs of placental separation
- gush of blood
- cord lengthening
- uterus elevates and the fundus becomes more globular.

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524648
Q1. Active management of 3rd stage of labor
Administration of oxytocin 5 to 10 IU as the baby starts to decend
After delivery of the baby, immediate cord clamping is necessary
Manual traction at the proximal cord to pull the placenta out.
Examine the placenta to rule out any retained products

Q2
gush of blood
lengthening of cord
uterus becomes globular

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Q.1.
a. As soon as the baby starts to descend and his shoulder is out, administer 10 IU Oxytocin.
b. When baby is out, clamp the cord.
c. Apply manual traction on proximal end, and when placenta is out, examine it and make sure no content is left inside.

Q.2.
Uterus becomes globular.
Gush of blood.
Cord lengthening.

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510813
Active management of labour:
-give oxytocin to stimulate contraction
-clamp the cord and deliver the placenta via controlled cord traction with counter traction of the fundus and fundal massage

Signs of placental seperation:
-lengthening of the umbilical cord
-gush if blood from the vagina
-change in shape of the uterine findus from discoid to globular

# data[].attributes.body
Q1. Active management of 3rd stage of labor
Administration of oxytocin 5 to 10 IU as the baby starts to decend
After delivery of the baby, immediate cord clamping is necessary
Manual traction at the proximal cord to pull the placenta out.
Examine the placenta to rule out any retained products

Q2
Placenta abruption
Severe bleeding
Abdominal pain
Lower back pain
Signs of shock (hypotension, tachypnea, tachycardia)
Death of both the mother and the fetus

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1)what are the steps of active management of 3rd stage of labor?

1- IM injection 10 IU oxytocin (to mother) as soon as shoulder makes it out of the vagina.
2. As soon as child is safely out of birth canal, follow with clamping of cord and cutting so that child is now free from attachment to placenta.
3. applay traction to the cord slowly and gently whilst pressing down on uterus to slowly get the placenta out of the canal.
2) what are the signs of placental separation?
this is also known as abruptio placentae
characterized by painful bleeding associated with non-contracting /continuous abdominal and lower back pain. life threatening condition for baby and mother in which there is fetal distress and risk of DIC in mother.

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Ans 1) Active management of 3rd stage of labour;
a. intramuscular injection of 10 IU of oxytocin given as the anterior shoulder of the baby is delivered.
b. early clamping and cutting of the umbilical cord.
c. controlled cord traction.

Ans 2) Signs of placental separation are;
a. lengthening of the cord protruding from the vulva.
b. a small gush of blood from the placental bed.
c. rising of uterine fundus to above the umbilicus.
d. fundus becomes hard and globular compared to being soft before separation.

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521059
Q1 Active stages of labour
- giving a uterotonic drugs to help contract uterus
- clamping cord early
- apply traction to the cord with pressure given to uterus to deliver the placenta
Q2 Signs of placental separation
- bleeding
-abdominal pain
-lower back pain
-tender and hard uterus
-contractions

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Q1.
-administering a uterotonic drug e.g oxytocin
-clamping is cord after 1-3 minutes
-controlled cord traction while putting pressure on the fungus to prevent inversion.
Q2.
-gush of blood
-cord lengthening
-uterus becomes more globular and rises above the uterus

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1)what are the steps of active management of 3rd stage of labor?

1. controlled cord traction alongside putting a pressure on the uterus to reduce the risk of inverted uterus

2. uterotonic drug to increase contractions

3. early clamping and cutting of the umbilical cord

2) what are the signs of placental separation

1. lengthening of the umbilical cord as the placenta separates and is pushed into the lower uterine segment by progressive uterine retraction

2. uterus takes on a more globular shape and becomes firmer

3. uterus rises in the abdomen

4. gush of blood occurs.

# data[].attributes.body
1. Active Management of 3 rd stage of labor
labor (or AMTSL for short)
involves:
1) giving a drug (a uterotonic) like OXY to help contract the uterus;
2) clamping the cord early (usually before, alongside, or immediately after giving the uterotonic);
3) traction is applied to the cord with counter-pressure on the uterus to deliver the placenta

2.) Signs of placental separation

Bleeding, most commonly noticed when the woman starts bleeding from the vagina.

Continuous abdominal pain.

Continuous lower back pain.

Painful abdomen (belly) when touched.

Tender and hard uterus.

Very frequent uterine contractions.

# data[].attributes.body
1. Active Management of 3 rd stage of labor
Stimulate contraction medically using Oxytocin alone or in combination with Ergometrine (Formulation is Syntometrine) towards the end (as the anterior shoulder pops out) or after they delivery of the baby.

Clamp the cord and then supply continuous gentle contraction to assist in the delivery of the placenta. Once the placenta is out, perform fundal massage especially if there is concern for uterine tone.

2.) Signs of placental separation
- The uterus rises, becomes hard, and changes from discoid to globular in shape
- A gush of blood comes from the vagina
- The umbilical cord lengthens
- the walls of the vulva may widen

# data[].attributes.body
Active management of third stage of labor (or AMTSL for short)
involves:
1) giving a drug (a uterotonic) like OXY to help contract the uterus;
2) clamping the cord early (usually before, alongside, or immediately after giving the uterotonic);
3) traction is applied to the cord with counter-pressure on the uterus to deliver the placenta

2) Signs of Placental Separation:
The uterus contracts and rises
The uterus will also become globular and round in shape, sorta like a beach ball
The umbilical cord suddenly lengthens
A gush of blood occurs

# data[].attributes.body
1)what are the steps of active management of 3rd stage of labor?

2) what are the signs of placental separation?