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Muslims who recognize all elected caliphs

Believe that the responsibility for interpreting the Koran rests upon specially trained scholars

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Muslims who only recognize the fourth caliph Ali (Muhammad's cousin and son-in law). They do not recognize the first three caliphs

Believe that the Imams, who are descended from Prophet Muhammad, and their subsequent disciples, are best qualified to interpret the Koran

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Islam further spread to Southeast Asia and also many European countries when the Ottoman Empire expanded westwards

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The Arab Empire, a state in which state and religion were united was founded.

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Symbol: the crescent moon

Religious book: the Koran

Followers: Muslims

Place of worship: mosque

Teachings: The Six Articles of Faith and the Five Pillars of Islam

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In AD 630, Muhammad returned to and controlled Mecca. Since then, Mecca has not only been the pilgrimage centre, but also the holy city of Islam.

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In AD 622, Muhammad and his followers migrated from Mecca to Medina. This flight was known as the 'Hegira', meaning the 'Migration of Muhammad'. This year became the first year of the Islamic calendar.

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Muhammad was Allah’s messenger and prophet.

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Origin, teachings and development of Islam

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Origin, teachings and development of Islam