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why did the US imperialize Mexico?
What did the US want?

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What was the result of the annexation of Hawaii?
What differences did it make?

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America's annexation of Hawaii in 1898 extended U.S. territory into the Pacific and highlighted resulted from economic integration and the rise of the United States as a Pacific power. For most of the 1800s, leaders in Washington were concerned that Hawaii might become part of a European nation's empire. During the 1830s, Britain and France forced Hawaii to accept treaties giving them economic privileges. In 1842, Secretary of State Daniel Webster sent a letter to Hawaiian agents in Washington affirming U.S. interests in Hawaii and opposing annexation by any other nation. He also proposed to Great Britain and France that no nation should seek special privileges or engage in further colonization of the islands. In 1849, the United States and Hawaii concluded a treaty of friendship that served as the basis of official relations between the parties.

A key provisioning spot for American whaling ships, fertile ground for American protestant missionaries, and a new source of sugar cane production, Hawaii's economy became increasingly integrated with the United States. An 1875 trade reciprocity treaty further linked the two countries and U.S. sugar plantation owners from the United States came to dominate the economy and politics of the islands. When Queen Liliuokalani moved to establish a stronger monarchy, Americans under the leadership of Samuel Dole deposed her in 1893. The planters' belief that a coup and annexation by the United States would remove the threat of a devastating tariff on their sugar also spurred them to action. The administration of President Benjamin Harrison encouraged the takeover, and dispatched sailors from the USS Boston to the islands to surround the royal palace. The U.S. minister to Hawaii, John L. Stevens, worked closely with the new government.

Dole sent a delegation to Washington in 1894 seeking annexation, but the new President, Grover Cleveland, opposed annexation and tried to restore the Queen. Dole declared Hawaii an independent republic. Spurred by the nationalism aroused by the Spanish-American War, the United States annexed Hawaii in 1898 at the urging of President William McKinley. Hawaii was made a territory in 1900, and Dole became its first governor. Racial attitudes and party politics in the United States deferred statehood until a bipartisan compromise linked Hawaii's status to Alaska, and both became states in 1959.

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America's annexation of Hawaii in 1898 extended U.S. territory into the Pacific and highlighted resulted from economic integration and the rise of the United States as a Pacific power. For most of the 1800s, leaders in Washington were concerned that Hawaii might become part of a European nation's empire.

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what were the effects of imperialism on china?
What was the main reason for the conflict between Great Britain and China?

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China had been ruled for centuries by successive dynasties of emperors, but by the later 19th century their day seemed to be almost done. The country was run on Confucian principles, which did not value change and progress, but stressed stability and peaceful harmony under rulers who enjoyed the mandate of heaven. As the western powers and Japan increasingly interfered in China, however, the divine mandate seemed to have been forfeited. Even the formidable Empress Dowager Tz'u-hsi felt forced to make concessions to the foreigners before her death in 1908 and a rebellion against her successor in 1911 turned China into a republic.

An assembly of delegates declared Sun Yat-sen, leader of the Kuomintang Party, provisional president of the republic, but he soon found himself in conflict with a powerful figure called Yuan Shikai. Yuan had started his career in the army and shown himself exceptionally competent, self-confident and ambitious. He had then risen to high positions under the Empress Dowager. He was now in command of the country's principal military force and early in 1912 Sun Yat-sen, fearing civil war, made a deal with him. Yuan ordered the six-year-old emperor to abdicate, which he did, Sun resigned as president and Yuan replaced him the following day. Yuan was acceptable to the conservatives in China, and crucially to the army.Now at the age of 53 it was his job to stop the country falling apart.

The government had run out of money, the Chinese provinces were largely under the control of local warlords and the republic's national assembly spent its time arguing and quarrelling. The Kuomintang, which had a majority in the assembly, kept opposing Yuan's plans until he allegedly organised the murder of the party's chairman. Effectively silencing the assembly, he operated
increasingly as a dictator with military support and in 1913 a rebellion broke out against him in the southern provinces, which he put down by force. Sun Yat-sen prudently withdrew to Japan while Yuan's regime continued in power in Beijing and in 1915 he proclaimed a new Chinese empire with himself as emperor.

That was too much even for his conservative and military supporters and opinion turned against him. Armed rebellions broke out in the provinces and in March 1916 he abolished his new empire. He remained president of the republic, or so he maintained, until he died three months later in Beijing, at the age of 56. There would be more civil war until Sun Yat-sen formed an alliance with the Communist Party and made himself effectively the ruler of China until his death in 1925.

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China had been ruled for centuries by successive dynasties of emperors, but by the later 19th century their day seemed to be almost done. The country was run on Confucian principles, which did not value change and progress, but stressed stability and peaceful harmony under rulers who enjoyed the mandate of heaven.

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when did US imperialize the Philippines ?
what happened to the Philippines?

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Milestones: 1899-1913 - Office of the Historian

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How was the imperialism during the 19th century?

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How was the imperialism during the 19th century?

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How was the businesses during the imperialism?
What was improved in the 19th century?

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Imperialism: Crash Course World History #35

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what does the book Uncle Sam is holding mean?

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what does the book Uncle Sam is holding mean?

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what does the sign means ?
why is Uncle Sam walking across?
Where is he going?

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When did the US Imperialize Puerto Rico?

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When did the US Imperialize Puerto Rico?

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who was involved when the US imperialize Puerto Rico?
when Puerto Rico was invaded what war was going on?

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Admiral Schley leaves
U.S.S. Brooklyn for Puerto Rico soon after U.S. forces took over the island

Did you know that Puerto Rico is a commonwealth territory of the United States, even today? On October 18, 1898, American troops fighting the Spanish-American War raised the United States flag in Puerto Rico, and the U.S. officially took control of the former Spanish colony. U.S. Raised the Flag in Puerto Rico
October 18, 1898

Puerto Rico has a long history of invasions. Spanish exploration of the island began in 1493, when Christopher Columbus visited there. In 1508, the Spanish established their first settlement in the town of Caparra.

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Admiral Schley leaves U.S.S. Brooklyn for Puerto Rico soon after U.S. forces took over the island Did you know that Puerto Rico is a commonwealth territory of the United States, even today? On October 18, 1898, American troops fighting the Spanish-American War raised the United States flag in Puerto Rico, and the U.S.

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Why did the Russian sell Alaska to the United States?
How did the purchase of Alaska help the United States.?
What was  Alaska the gateway to?

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Roots of Imperialism: Alaska and Hawaii

Background: Imperialism and its causes

What is Imperialism?
Imperialism is when a nation works to expand its power and influence over a weaker country. In most cases, countries establish control be coercion-- for example, through infiltration and annexation, political pressure, war and military conquest. Once conquered, this controlled country is referred to as a colony of the "mother country". Imperialism was achieved through a few things:

1. Economic benefits

2. Military strength

3. National superiority

Some examples of imperial nations during this time were USA, Germany, and Russia.
America chooses to imperialism during this time for economic benefits. Economic benefits include cheap labor, control over the market, and natural resources. These imperial countries would extract the raw materials and natural resources from the smaller country and send them to their home country to then make a profit. The conquered colonies were a great source of cheap labor for the mother country. They provided trading ports and agricultural land for the imperial nation.

In order to be ready for the upcoming war, most nations began building up their armies and increasing their stockpile of weapons. This was known as the arms race. A country that was heavily prepared was Germany. Germany, at this time, had the deadliest weapons and could face Britain's navy, the best in the world at the time. In the USA, Alfred T. Moahan encouraged the US navy to expand its world influence, promoting imperialism.

National Superiority

This idea of nationalism is extreme devotion to one's country. This made it real easy for countries to want improve imperialism; they thought they were the best, and they wanted everyone else to be like them. Instead of a country having many different ethnic groups, nationalists wanted the nation to express the nationalism of one single group. For example, France wanted to regain their lost territory of Alsace-Lorraine. Nationalism threatened minorities, because there was no longer a place in society for them. This idea of Social Darwinism, the idea that the best fit for society will survive in society, was extremely prominent in nationalism. A nationalistic approach to imperialism was accomplished by using racial, national, and cultural superiority as a justification. Nationalism influenced the arms race, as well.

Alaska And Hawaii

America takes over hawaii

USA first became interested in Hawaii as a supply point for shippers and sailors, as well as a midway point to East Asia. New England missionaries started living on the islands in 1820, and their descendants continued living there growing sugar. Sugar was a cash crop in Hawaii. The only problem was the US planters did not want to pay the high tariffs on the sugar, and the Queen in Hawaii also did not want the US planters to own land. To overcome these issues, they wanted to gain more influence on the islands. Eventually the USA told other countries to stay out of Hawaii. Before Hawaii even belonged to America, we made a commercial trade agreement and and a treaty to guarantee the US with a naval base there, Pearl Harbor. Queen L. opposed the USA conquering her country, but the whites in Hawaii, the minority, organized a revolt that was assisted by US troops who landed under John L. Stevens, US minister to Hawaii. They conquered Hawaii and set up a provisional government.

Americans applied for the annexation of Hawaii in 1893. The president, Grover Cleveland, denied the application because he felt that it was morally wrong. But in 1898, Hawaii was annexed into the USA, and Queen L. lost her throne. This imperial move to take Hawaii falls under the imperialist strategy of economic benefits, mostly. Hawaii was seen as a way to make profits for America by growing sugar. The significance of the USA taking Hawaii is that it started imperialism for America. This event also increased a sense of nationalism. The Americans living in Hawaii had a nationalistic point of view in mind when they decided they wanted to take over Hawaii. This mindset translated over to the mother country, and it influenced the people at home to want to expand and be enthusiastic about America. The legacy of this feat would be that the USA gained Pearl Harbor as a naval base.

Key Points:

1. Hawaii was a way station and a supply area for shippers, as well as a midway point to East Asia.

2. Hawaii was economically important to America because of their valuable sugar crops.

3. Imperialism is shown by the way the US planters revolt against the Hawaiian Queen to annex Hawaii.

4. Originally, the US president did not want to annex Hawaii for moral reasons, but in 1898 Hawaii was annexed into America.

5. Pearl Harbor was gained.

6. A sense of nationalism and an increase of imperialism was taken away from this American feat.

America Takes Over Alaska

1. Russia wanted to originally sell Alaska to America in 1859, in order to throw of the British.

2. Secretary of State, William H. Seward, bought Alaska in 1867 for $7.2 million, but critics called his his purchase "Seward's Folly", because they thought he was crazy.

3. This was imperialistic at the time because America wanted to control more land, and Alaska was an easy grab.

4. Later on, the Klondike gold fields, oil, and great fishing were discovered in Alaska, ultimately earning back every penny spent.

5. Ultimately, Alaska expanded America's borders and reaped many natural resources.

Russia offered to sell Alaska to the US in 1859, believing that if US purchased it then it would throw of Russia's greatest rival in the pacific, Britain. The sale was originally offered during Buchanan's administration, but the American civil war happened, putting Alaska on the back burner. After the war, Secretary of State, William H. Seward, agreed to purchase Alaska for $7.2 million. This purchase can be known as the "Treaty with Russia". At this point in history, Alaska was an unexplored, icebox that critics believed had no worth buying. Because of Alaska's current conditions, Seward's decision to buy Alaska from Russia on March 30, 1867 was called "Seward's Folly". This situation can be seen as an increase in imperialism for America in a certain way. Because at this point in time people had no idea of the natural resources in Alaska, the only way it can be perceived as a move towards imperialism in through the utter want to control more land. Later on, Americans realized how valuable Alaska really was, having natural resources like gold, fish, and petroleum.

The purchase of Alaska had a major impact at the time, and a long lasting legacy for America. The purchase of Alaska prevented British and Spanish expansion into North America, and the purchase allowed America to expand and imperialize. Later on, Alaska became the gateway to the Klondike gold fields. Also, Alaska was found to have a large supply of oil. The purchase of Alaska was seen as a key milestone on America's road to power.

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What is Imperialism? Imperialism is when a nation works to expand its power and influence over a weaker country. In most cases, countries establish control be coercion-- for example, through infiltration and annexation, political pressure, war and military conquest. Once conquered, this controlled country is referred to as a colony of the "mother country".