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September 4, 1839 – August 29, 1842
As the tea products from China rose in demand in Britain, the Britain had to pay for their tea with the low demanded items of cotton and heavy wool. Due to this trade imbalance, and the need of the Britain to pay for the tea and porcelain, they traded their abundant Opium sources, in hopes of addicting Chinese consumers. The government realized the weakening of the economy as their silver source was wasted for Opium, leading to economic problems directly or indirectly traced to the opium trade. This caused the war between Qing dynasty and the Great Britain. After the Qing lost, they were forced to sign the unfair treaty of Nanjing

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August 29, 1842
The Treaty of Nanjing was signed in the 29th of August 1842, and put into effect on 26th of June 1843. This was a peace treaty that ended the First Opium War between China's Qing Dynasty and the Great Britain. This unequal treaty forced indemnities, extraterritoriality, and land concessions to the Great Britain. The treaty led to China's economic and political destruction.

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December, 1850-1864
The Taiping Rebellion was a large scale civil war in southern China waged against the ruling Manchu Qing dynasty. This was a massive union of the common people who followed the leader Hong Xiu Quan, in response to corruption from the Opium epidemic.
The rebellion was especially effective, due to the powerful unifying forces of ideologies and beliefs. The Rebels agenda included social reforms such as a shared "property in common", equality for women, and the replacement of traditional ideologies such as Confucianism with Christianity.
It led to over 20 million deaths, as the rebellion was eventually crushed by the government with the aid of French and British forces.

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Oct 8, 1856 – Oct 18, 1860

Same as First Opium War

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Nov 2, 1899 – Sep 7, 1901
The Boxer Rebellion was an uprising against the foreigners, colonialism, and Christianity begun by peasants and the Chinese secret organization members, who were known as the "Boxers", as they practiced martial arts.

The effects of the Opium Wars created foreign influence in China, as they were forced to accept foreign trade, and missionaries. The missionaries' role was to spread Christianity in China, and also increase interest of Americans towards China, thereby initiating trade between the two countries. By taking action as a missionary, they are preparing the Chinese to accept the American business people, and the lifestyles of western culture.

Like most revolutionaries, the Boxers objected the foreign and alien faith of Christianity. Moreover, the western culture and products the missionaries brought in to their homeland was deemed as undermining the Qing's own culture and power over the land, and view them inferior to the foreign lifestyle.

Therefore, the Boxers took actions to attempt to drive off the foreigners from their land by initiating the Boxer Rebellion.

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Death of Empress Dowager Cixi & Emperor GuangXu/ Puyi becomes Emperor 

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Death of Empress Dowager Cixi & Emperor GuangXu/ Puyi becomes Emperor 

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November-December 1908

The deaths of major political figures lead to a power vacuum in China. The enthronement of the powerless 2-year old Puyi made the Qing's political power vulnerable, thus allowing the revolutionary movements to spread and prosper. Eventually leading to the fall of the Qing.

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Oct 10 – Dec 1, 1911

The 1911 revolution was a rebellion that ended China's last imperial dynasty of Qing. The 1911 revolution was directly caused by the deaths of Empress dowager Cixi and Emperor GuangXu, and the bomb explosion in Wuchang, assembled by the revolutionaries. The combination of the lack of a powerful political figure, and the prospering revolutionary activities eventually led to the defeat of the imperial government, establishing the Republic of China.

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29 December 1911

Sun Yat Sen was a prominent leader of China's republic revolution, and played an instrumental role in overthrowing the Qing. He was elected as the first provisional president by the Revolutionary Alliance, due to his wide spread political philosophy of The People's Principles.

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Collapse of Qing Dynasty(abdication of Puyi)

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Collapse of Qing Dynasty(abdication of Puyi)

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February 12, 1912
Puyi received financial security and protection, in exchange to  granting Yuan the full powers of organizing a provisional republic government, and becoming the president. This thereby stated the end of the Qing.

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Yuan Shi Kai Becomes President & Emperor 

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Yuan Shi Kai Becomes President & Emperor 

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1912-1915
After Sun Yat Sen realized that he lacked full support of the military, he offered the position to someone with military power, Yuan Shikai. Yuan Shi Kai soon abolished parliament, and instituted military dictatorship, and declared himself the Emperor of China.

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1925