# data[].attributes.body
Sheet : drap une feuille

Warsheet worksheet: feuille de travail

Raised : soulevé

Whom : qui

Intented : voulu

Conveyed : transmis, véhiculé

Departure : départ

Duty : devoir (sens moral)

Tear : déchirer

Furthermore : en outre

Nevertheless : néanmoins

Embellish (vb): embellir
un fusil : a rifle
effrayer : frighten (vb)

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During the war, as we know, many musics were made composed so that men were engage enlist in First World War.

« Your King and Country Want You » was a popular British song. It was been written by Paul Rubens. It was published in London in 1914, at the beginning of the First World War. It was a song that women sang with the intention of persuading men to volunteer to fight in war.

"Stay Down Here Where You Belong" was a peaceful song written by Irving Berlin in 1914. The lyrics are a conversation between the devil and his son as shown in the picture (and..??)

«Keep the Home-Fires Burning» is a British First World War patriotic song composed in 1914 by Ivor Novello with words by Lena Maia Ford. The song became very popular in the United Kingdom during the war.(what is it about ??)

« Good-bye-ee! » is a popular song written and composed by R. P. Weston and Bert Lee, it was a success in 1917. They got the idea for the song when they saw a group of factory girls screaming goodbye to the soldiers.

We can conclude that all documents are mainly music and posters so that men go to war. (no....you should have focused on the details to make out the differences ...which was the key question...)

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a Minds= les un esprits

a Citizens= un citoyens

Persuadeing (vb)= convaincre

Burning (vb) = brûler

Published = publié

Through = a travers

Hope = espoir

Fireplace = cheminée

Lighting = éclairé

Warmed = réchauffé

Marching (vb)= marcher, défiler

Families seems = la famille semble

a Train station s = une  gare

Reedition = rééditon
seem (vb) : sembler
entitled : intitulé

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belong to (vb) : appartenir à

either : soit

fairly (adv) : relativement

a hearth (n) : un foyer, un âtre

hearthfire (n) : le feu de foyer / la cheminée

homeland (n) : patrie, pays natal

a music sheet (n) : une partition

rather (adv) : plutôt

stay down (vb) : reste

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Louise Hurstel  Writer

During the World War 1, in parallel of fighting, there was were musics to  distract entertain the minds of soldiers, citizens, children. There was were also musics to denounce some political s and social’s things.
We are going to talk about music and posters which are linked with it.

The first song that we are going to talk about  is « We don’t wan’t to lose you ». This song written by Paul Rubens is to encourage soldiers to leave their home in order to go to the front.
It’s a way to encourage men even those who are not volunteer to fight.
On the poster, we can read « Your king & country want you » with a woman who have has her arms openned. This poster is a way of propaganda because it encourages men and increases their patriotism.

« Keep the home fire burning » written by Ivor Novello was a patriotic song.
Firstly, this song was published as « till the boys come home » in 8 october 1914. Through this song, we can understant that : we have to keep hope, and the fireplace is a way to warm up the heart.
The poster shows a man and a woman, in their house. On the top of the poster, it might be the smoke of the fireplace. The woman is maybe looking at a photograph for the last time before she leaves her house.

There is another song which is called entitled « Goodbye-ee ». This song is was written by R.P Weston and Bertliee. During the time when Weston and Bertliee saw a groupe of factory girls calling out goodbyes to soldiers marching to Victoria Station.
Indeed thanks to that they found this idea and they write wrote this song. The video plays an important role to understand the song. Indeed, while they sing, soldiers and families seems to be happy because they don’t know what is about to come up. But when soldiers leave the train station, the nostalgia invades comes throught their minds.

The last music is « Stay down home here you belong ». This is a pacific song written by Irving Berlin in 1914. There is a reedition of this song made by tiny tim. (??)
It’s a conversation between the devil (we can see on the poster the devil) and his son. The devil explains to his son who wants to come into the human’s world world of the humans, that he shouldn’t because acording to him, humans are worst than him (the devil) because they fight for no reasons. On the poster, we can see the devil and his son.
The devil must shows with his hand the human’s world world of the humans. The poster represents hell because there is are flames and the main color is red.

All these songs and posters shows some differents types of devices to convey a message. The message can be propaganda or it also can be a message for bravery. Some songs are more explicit that other in order to send a message

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Stay down = rester à terre
To lose  (vb)= perdre
Burning = brûlant
The folk = le peuple
Butchery = boucherie
Sorrow = chagrin
Roam = errer
Hillside = colline
Gallant = galant, valant
Bend (vb) = courber
The stirring = une agitation
Silver = argent
Pleading = plaidant, supplé iant
broadcast (vb) : diffuser

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The different songs all have a fairly different target audience. For example, the song "Your King and Country want you" is directed addressed to a rather feminine audience. The goal of this song is to motivate women to work harder in support of their relatives gone to the battlefront. The sheet music music sheet represents a woman, which is related to the song. "Stay down home where you belong" presents a pacifist message, contrary to the other pieces of music. The sheet shows a demon in a conversation with a boy.(develop your analysis !!) The two other songs represent the hearth (a home ?), and why it is important to defend the one's homeland against the enemy. The sheets are either blank with only the title or a drawing of a hearthfire.

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During the World War One, the music was used to convey means. Differents types of music was diffuse broadcast with differents styles and today we will compare them and contrast them.

Your king want you...
This music seems against the war. The title can let's think that your nation wants you to stay. It's probably destinated addressed to future soldiers and men. This music is joyful it's can make smile easier easily. In the video we can see girls who works for the show singing the song

Stay down..
This music seems against the war too. The use of the verb "stay" says everything. The music is very intriguant,interesting (?), a bit sad. She It was probably diffuse broadcast on the in radios

Keep the fire..
The music is pro-war. The title "Keep the fire burning" let us think that soldiers have to protect the nation and the fire by fighting in at the war. It's a song that can be hummed. Probably diffuse broadcast on the in radios too and shows.

Goodbye..
The music is pro-war. Here, "goodbye-ee" means "you have to go on to the front and fight goodbye and good luck" I think. It's naturally destinated addressed to future soldiers. The music is Conveyed by videos (in 1914 ???), radios and sheets.

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summon = convoquer

a glen = un vallon

although = bien que

yearning = l’aspiration

lining = un revêtement

pleading (VB) = plaider

a yoke = une culasse

roam = errer

warmen (vb) = réchauffer

factory girls = filles ouvrières d’usines
pride (N) : fierté
depict(vb) : peindre
the depiction : la représentation, description
enlistment : l'engagement (militaire)
gloomy (adj) : sombre, lugubre

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As we know, to win the First World War, men had to enlist. To encourage the future soldiers, it was necessary to show them the postive sides. That is how propaganda was used. However, everyone didn't think this way, some people tried to represent the uselessness of war. To spread these different ideas, many methods were exploited, we can mention posters, plays and songs. We will focus on this last example, more precisly on one pro-enlistment songs, two others trying to represent the stupidity of war and one more qualified nuanced. The first song is a British one, is entitled "Your King and Country Want You" and was composed by Paul A. Rubens. The second one is called "Stay Down Here Where You Belong" ans and  was written by an American composer named Irving Berlin. The third one, called "Keep The Home-Fires Burning", is also a British one and the last one, named "Good-Bye-Ee", was written and composed by R.P. Weston and Bert Lee. We may wonder: "What are the different ways to express ideas about war?" (clumsily formualted and too vague)

In the First place, we can concentrate on the posters, which are, for two of them, confusing. Indeed, the ""Good-Bye-Ee" poster is dyed by bright colors (?), which can represent hope and joy. However, the title is the totally opposite. Therefore, we can deduce that the picture shows soldiers after death. The song "Keep The Home-Fires Burning" also has a confusing poster. Whereas the atmosphere is gloomy because of the dark hues and some sadness expressed by the characters, the name title illustrates a patriotic duty. Contrary to the previous poster, this one is not directly against war. Just like the first picture, the "Your King and Country Want You" one expresses some faith (in ...?). This thought can be supported  by the woman's posture, who is turning to God. But, songs can also talks about the Devil. Indeed, "Stay Down Here Where You Belong", like as will see later, illustrates the Devil him-self showing to his son how terrible our world is, even for demons. Now that we saw the posters, we will focus on songs.

Firstly, we can note mention the similarities. For example: the presence of religious figures, like as we have mentioned saw earlier. We also hear that "Stay Down Here Where You Belong" and "Good-Bye-Ee" denounce the stupidity and uselessness of war with terms like "pathetic". Even the Devil sees the evil part of human race. "Good-Bye-Ee" and  "Your King and Country Want You" show a happy pace but, whereas  "Your King and Country Want You" is obviously a propaganda, "Good-Bye-Ee" presents characters enjoying themselves only when the music is playing, when the melody goes away with the soldiers, the rest of the characters stops smiling. Then, "Your King and Country Want You" is the only one singing by women important fact of propaganda to encourage men to enlist. Indeed, during the war, the prettiest girls were giving would give  kisses to men if they signed. Finally, contrary to the previous song, "Keep The Home-Fires Burning" doesn't express joy but hope. Therefore, this melody doesn't encourage war, but tries to cheer the families and friends up against sadness and despair.

We saw two main ways to express ideas about war, the songs and their posters. We also saw that music wasn't always propaganda, but could denounce the defaults of war.

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Uselessness : inutilité
Enlistment : enrolement
nuancer : qualify (vb)
Dur : coloré (???)
Gloomy : sombre
a hue : une teinte, une nuance
A duty  : un devoir
Hope : espoir
The devil : le diable
Melancholy : la mélancolie
Dramatic : dramatique
Impact : impact
Ring : toi King : roi / Queen : reine
Belong to (vb) : appartenir à
Burning : brûlant
Home-fire : incendie
Similarities : similitudes

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Since milleniums, the music was has been one of the most powerfull weapons during the wars for millenniums. The battlefields were violent, several persons people died in terrible pains in a world of blood and gloomy. The music was the perfect thing to change the spirit of the soldiers, the hope was created by the melody. Many songwriters are very famous like Rouget de Lisle or Johann Kaspar Kerll. They invented musics about the universe of war for many reasons.
We have 4 sings songs and 4 song covers which were created during the first world war. We may wonder : What are the topics and features of the songs and song covers ? (key question to reformulate)
To answer at this question, we will deals with the features of the song covers and finally we will speak about the topics of the songs (too plain/linear a structure, yet good effort to organize your ideas)

First, the symbols and colors are very quite various for each covers. Indeed, in the cover of the music sheet « Your King and Country want you » we can see a strong woman who is opening her arms, we can read on this cover « work for women » which means that this is a cover to encourages the war effort in at the home front. However, Wwe can think that the cover of the music sheet « Good-bye-ee » refers to the beginning of soldiers enlistment (?) when they soldiers go went to the front, so we can deduce that the song is for the men who can be soldiers. Because during the First world war in England, people have  had to engage enlist to become a private. So now, we have two song covers very patriotic song covers but two others which more violent or sad (?). The song cover of « Keep the home fire burning » represents (?) in the foreground, there is a table where we can see a lamp and two books, one of the both them is orange and the other is blue. In the background, a woman is holding a paper but she looks sad, bey hind her, there is a man who is opening his hands and we can also notice a chair which is orange. In this song cover we can fell (depicts ?) a universe more sad sadder universe than Godd bye-ee, and the illustration is more richer. The last song cover « Stay down home where you belong » is the most gloomy gloomiest because the main colors are the red for the blood and the grey which emphasizes d the terrible world of war. We can see in the foreground the devil who is setting on a throne. He talks is talking to his son about the war, there is the no man’s land where we can see soldiers who are shooting. In the background, the cannons are represented and in the distance we can see an army, we can supposed that the No man’s land is a metaphore of Hell. The land is grown (?) whereas the sky is reddish. Therefore, in the song cover of « Stay down home where you belong » we have a dark world where the blood, the battlefield and the Hell are represented contrary to the others song covers because they are more patriotic because of the war effort and proud pride.

Secondly, when we hear listen to the songs, the tones are very differents. We can take like example mention « Good bye-ee » which is the most happy happiest of the four because the music is sharp and very quick whereas « Keep the fire home burning » is very slow. Indeed, the lyrics take (?) many topics like « Your king and country want you », the love, death and the soul are very important « Love is a sacrifice ». However the other musics take an other way (?) although that the death is repeating redondant. « Good bye-ee » searches the happiness because this is a song very optimistic song which created the proud pride. This is a song in a universe very far of from  the war contrary to « Stay down home where you belong ». Indeed, this song denunciates the First world war, the emperors are mentionned and they’re represented like as the responsibles of for the deads. The song describes d the war by using  the violence, the death and the Hell. He It deals about with the mothers who are very sad when she they stay at home. So we can deduce that each songs are is diffeérents, « Good bye-ee » is the happiness song of happiness whereas « Stay down home where you belong »is the darkest song by her its vision depiction of war. Moreover, « Stay down home where you belong » is a means of denunciation contrary to the others which are the propaganda songs.

To conclude, the songs can be a tool for the denunciation of to denounciate war, violence and horror whereas other musics are a means of propaganda to encourage the war effort, the recruitement and hope because of love for example. We may wonderv: if  The music may give express (?) the truth or not during the war ?.

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All this these documents have a common point, these are songs during the First World War.

In the first place, there is the song « We don’t want tools you », just with the title we can suppose than that  women adresse’s to their men who left home for the war.

Besides, in the lyrics we can heard « We shall cheer you, thank you, kiss you when you come back again ». Family is a motivation for soldiers. On top of that, in the musical score, a woman opens their her arms, like to tell to as if she told men that they will always be welcome at home, when they come back. It is reassuring for them.

This is a popular song by Paul Rubens which was published in London, in 1914 by the Chappell music. It was written as a a « Women’s recruiting son » to encourage men to engage enlist during the war,. Moreover the profit was given to « Queen Mary’s Work for women fund ».

During the first listening, the song looks sounds  happy, a dancing song, but with the lyrics you feel pity for these women who become are alone after the departure of their husbands.

Through this song, we learn that men engage enlist  for their families and for their Queen and King, they think they accomplish a duty, it is their patriotic side.

This demonstration of happiness is also represented with the song « Goodbye-ee », which is a popular song written and composed by R.P West and Bert Lee in 1917.

In contrast to with the first song, here this is men who said say goodbye to their wives.

We can note lyrics which say : « wipe the tear, baby dear, from your eye-ee », men comfort women and seem confident about this departure.

Moreover at the end of the song we can notice various languages, for example Bonsoir, which is a French word, or chin-chin, which is a chinese word, with this which, the author wants to show that war concerns all the nationalities and families.

Furthermore, this desire to encourage men to engage enlist  is accentuated with the song « Keep the home fire burning », which is a British patriotic song composed by Ivor Novello and written by Lena Guilbert Ford.

This song is a hope song of hope, which encourages men to fight good well at the war to return quickly at home with their wives. This is the reason why in the cover we can see a woman which is holding a picture and in the background a man, certainly her husband, who surprises her by in her back, it represents the comeback of a soldier and how much a wife can miss him.

Nevertheless, this song is not realistic about the suffering of this war.

As against this songs (?), « Stay down home where you belong », which is a pacifist song by Irving Berlin in 1914, and denounces the violence of this war.

With the title we can think that someone invites men to stay at home, with their families because it is their real place, but in fact, it is a conversation between the devil and his son, for him the earth with this war is worst than hell.

For example, he says :

« To serve the king they’ve all gone off war

And not a one of them knows what they’re fighting for »

It proves how much war can be stupid. With this song, you realize how humans and the earth can be unfair and rude.

Besides, the hell is represented in on the cover, we can see in the foreground the devil with a little boy, his son and in the background men who are fighting with fusils rifles and dead bodies.

The hell is just represented with fire and red color, but the earth with weapons, and death, this highlights the fact that hell is a better place than earth.

On the whole, war songs pushed men to engage enlist for the war, cause of their families and their nation, however it embellishes the war and don't does not  confront men with the its reality of war.

Except the last song, which is afraid frightens people and realize depicts the brutality and how the war can be inhumane.

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Music sheet

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With the help of the questions, compare and contrast the various war songs presented on this padlet : pro or against war ? Intended target audience ? Emotions raised ? Devices used ?

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Song cover

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Henry Burr - Stay Down Here Where You Belong

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Song cover

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John McCormack Keep the Home Fires Burning

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Your King and Country Want You / We don't want to lose you

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Your King and Country Want You / We don't want to lose you

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Song music sheet

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WE DON'T WANT TO LOSE YOU -KING AND COUNTRY- music sheet

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Your King and Country Want You / We don't want to lose you

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Your King and Country Want You / We don't want to lose you

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04 We Don't Want To Lose You (But We Think You Ought To Go)