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 Mohd. Fauzi Bin Saidin     2017903377                         Chinese Wedding

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 Mohd. Fauzi Bin Saidin     2017903377                         Chinese Wedding

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1. Introduction
- marriage in chinese society is a turning point that brings great change in their lives. Marriage is important to maintaining family institution and through it the ancestry of ancestors can be continued from on generation to another

2. Merisik
- The merisik custom is conducted to determine the background of the desired girl. The chinese community cares about the girl’s name, heredity,personality,character and behavior.

3. Meminang
- once both parties are satisfied with the background of thier respective customary families will be held. A representative was chosen to visit the girl’s home to discusss marriage matters.

4. Bertunang
- At this moment the groom will visit the women’s home to fullfill the request. Ringing ceremony is performed at the designated time.

5. Majlis perkahwinan
- The wedding day will be held after a year of engagement or according to the period agreed upon by boyh parties. Before the day of marriage of there is death among the bridegroom’s family, the marriage must be postponed next year or for a hundred days.

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CHE NUR SYAKIRA BT CHE MOHD ALEMY (2017892688)

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CHE NUR SYAKIRA BT CHE MOHD ALEMY (2017892688)

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Jogja Traditional Dance
1. Series of movements performed by the dancers, either graceful or energetic always produces a harmonious composition and beautiful motion and it is dance srimpi.

2. There are several types of dances srimpi such as dance srimpi srimpi Anglirmendhung Ludira Honey.

3. First appear only in a limited time and place for the classic dances like that played in front of the king and royal family.

4. The dancer must undergo a series of rituals before bringing the dance is believed to have magical value.

5. For a certain times, the dance is demonstrated for example when the king was eating.

6.Dance srimpi movement is very graceful and harmonious describe the condition of running water which is smooth motion, without any fault, ranging from the head, hands and feet as if to resemble water continues to flow in the Java languange.

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Name : Kamanizam bin Mohd Som Student ID : 2016653304

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Name : Kamanizam bin Mohd Som Student ID : 2016653304

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Title : Chap Goh Mei

i.  Two weeks after Chinese New Year, the Chinese people in Malaysian will celebrate the Chap Goh Mei that including fireworks
ii.  Originally Chap Goh Mei term came from Hokkien dialect which means 15th night during the Chinese New Year. Chap means 10, Goh is 5 and Mei is night.
iii.  The festival of Chop Goh Mei is often associated with the myth of two single women who have thrown the orange into the river in hopes of getting married.
iv.  The festival of Chop Goh Mei is celebrated by holding a large prayer ritual where the colok will be burned and also a bred meal with the family.
v.  There are games, cultural heritage of Baba Nyonya, and quiz along the way. Also server latern parade, dragon dance or lion, Chinese opera and weighing big lag ‘Chingay’.

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SYARIFAH NUR AISYAH BT SYED MD HEZIR
2017485513
mandolin orchestra is an ensemble of plucked string instruments similar in structure to the string sections of a symphony orchestra.
There are first and second mandolin sections (analogous to first and second violins); a mandola section (analogous to the viola section); mandocelli (analogous to the violincelli), classical guitars, and a bass section originally of mando-basses but nowadays more likely to be acoustic bass guitar or double bass.
The classical guitar section is very important and many orchestras are more accurately described as mandolin and guitar orchestras. Many orchestras also include a percussion section.
Most mandolin orchestras are community-based and are supported by a core of professional musicians and teachers with a passion for plucked string instruments and music. They are found in nearly all major cities in the western world, as well as Japan, Korea, and South America.

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Traditional Dance in Sarawak
1) Ngajat dance is a traditional dance for the other in Sarawak. Ngajat is a dance during before the war and after the harvest season.
2) Men dancer wear traditional outifts such as 'sirat','gagung' or a bird's shirt. Dancer also wear a hat decorated with feathers. 'Gagung' is a type of thick and hard clothes made of animal skins such as bears leather but not sewn left and right. For women dancer or dubbed 'Kumang' ,they wear traditional attire such as high souvenirs as head ornaments,high in the chest ,woven looms on the waist, this hand -woven bracelet,legs and earrings.
3) These dancer are an imitation or repetition done by them as which they do when nfaced with enemies as they organize daily activities such as hunting.
4) The dancer is "Ngajat berbunuh"presented by men from the Iban community. "Ngajat Induk"it is a show that is presented by women who show the softness and subtlety of the arts and culture as well as the custom of indigenous people of themselves. the dance moves that have implied meaning reflect the daily activities of the Iban community. "Ngajat lesong"dance performed by men only. this type of performance is only allowed to be attracted by men because it requires her dancer to dance while biting lesona.
5) The colthes used in this dance are traditional atire for the Iban in Sarawak.

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NUR AIN FATIHAH BINTI MURSIT(2017485468) 

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NUR AIN FATIHAH BINTI MURSIT(2017485468) 

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Traditional Dance
1) Ngajat dance is a traditional dance for the other in Sarawak. ngajat is a dance

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NURUL SYAHIRAH BINTI RAZALI ( 2017152135 )

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NURUL SYAHIRAH BINTI RAZALI ( 2017152135 )

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Indian Classical Dance

Indian Classical Dance is one of the most comprehensive and oldest dance forms in the world. Most of the development of Indian dance is linked to the 2nd century B.C. treatise. This treatise, Bharata’s Natyashastra, is the most important source for establishing the characteristics of Indian dance and drama.

3 elements in performance classical dance:-

• The Nritta performance is abstract, fast and rhythmic aspect of the dance.]The viewer is presented with pure movement, wherein the emphasis is the beauty in motion, form, speed, range and pattern. This part of the repertoire has no interpretative aspect, no telling of story. It is a technical performance, and aims to engage the senses (prakriti) of the audience.

• The Nritya is slower and expressive aspect of the dance that attempts to communicate feelings, storyline particularly with spiritual themes in Hindu dance traditions. In a nritya, the dance-acting expands to include silent expression of words through gestures and body motion set to musical notes. The actor articulates a legend or a spiritual message. This part of the repertoire is more than sensory enjoyment,it aims to engage the emotions and mind of the viewer.

• The Natyam is a play, typically a team performance, but can be acted out by a solo performer where the dancer uses certain standardized body movements to indicate a new character in the underlying story. A Natya incorporates the elements of a Nritya.

Dancing for Gods

In India, most classical dances evolved as a temple art. Many Indian dynasties from the 6th century onwards have contributed to this art form. This interest in temple art was brought about by spurts of building temples in the 9th and 10th centuries. The Devadasis (servants of God) performed dance at the temples. The dancer performed facing the idol of the God. This is the reason Indian classical dance is primarily a solo based art. The mission of temple dancing was to take art to the people. Temples vied with one another in having the best dancers and musicians in their services. Thereafter, temple dancing was institutionalized and kings patronized the dancers.

Classical Dances of India

India offers a number of classical dance forms, each of which can be traced to different parts of the country. Each dance form represents the culture of a particular region or group of people. The most famous classical dance forms are Bharatnatyam of Tamilnadu, Kathakali and Mohiniyattam of Kerala, Odissi of Orissa, Kathak of Uttar Pradesh, Kuchipudhiof Andhra Pradesh and Manipuri of Manipur.

Indian Classical Dance vs. Western Ballet

The style of movement in Indian classical dance is very different from that of Western ballet. In ballet the emphasis is frequently on the action of the legs, which create ballet's characteristic qualities of height, speed, and lightness. The body itself remains relatively still and the arms frame the face or balance the body. In Indian dance, however, the legs are usually bent, with the feet flat rather than lifted and pointed. Jumps are usually low and the dancer rarely covers much ground or performs intricate steps. The complexity of the footwork lies in elaborate stamping rhythms. (These stamping rhythms enhance the dance; many dancers wear bells around their ankles, supplying their own accompaniment in addition to the musicians). The torso, face, arms, and hands are extremely active. The head is quite mobile, with subtle changes of direction and a characteristic side-to-side movement emphasizing the dancer's changing facial expressions. The movement of the torso is graceful and fluid, shifting from side to side or turning on the axis of the spine, while the movement of the hands and arms is subtle and elaborate, every gesture having a function. Indian dancers have a vast repertoire of gestures through which they express complex events, ideas, and emotions. There are, for example, 13 gestures of the head, 36 different glances, and 67 mudras, or hand gestures, that can, in different combinations, yield several thousand different meanings.

BharataNatyam~
Bharata Natyam originated in the temples of the South Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Bharata Natyam derives its name from the first syllables of the three vital elements of dance Bhava-Expression, Raga-Melody, and Tala- Rhythm. This dance form is highly stylized in its technique and also interprets themes from Indian Mythology and epics.

Kuchipudi~
Kuchipudi is a dance from that originated in the state of Andhra Pradesh on the mid eastern coast of India. It was originally a dance-drama in which, as in Shakespeare’s theater, men danced both male and female roles. An important part of the tradition is the dramatization of Satya Bhama, one of the wives of Lord Krishna. This dance form is very fluid and feminine.

Odissi~
Odissi comes from the state of Orissa in the northeastern coast of India. Devadasis in the temple of Lord Jagannath originally performed this dance form. Odissi mainly focuses on the subject of Lord Krishna. It is said that his wife Padmavati who was a temple dancer composed the celebrated masterpiece, Geetagovinda by the poet Jayadeva to be a dance in Odissistyle. The Odissi dance style is lyrical. The body from above the waist moves as if it was independent of the legs and falls and sways with delicate grace.

The classical dance forms recognised by the Sangeet NatakAkademi and the Ministry of Culture are:

• Bharatanatyam, from Tamil Nadu

• Kathak, from Northern and Western India

• Kathakali, from Kerala

• Kuchipudi, from Andhra Pradesh and Telangana

• Odissi, from Odisha

• Sattriya, from Assam

• Manipuri, from Manipur

• Mohiniyattam, from Kerala

All classical dances of India used similar symbolism and rules of gestures in abhinaya (acting). The roots of abhinaya are found in the Natyashastra text which defines drama as that which aesthetically arouses joy in the spectator, through the medium of actor's art of communication, that helps connect and transport the individual into a super sensual inner state of being. A performance art, asserts Natyashastra, connects the artists and the audience through abhinaya (literally, "carrying to the spectators"), that is applying body-speech-mind and scene, wherein the actors communicate to the audience, through song and music. Drama in this ancient Sanskrit text,thus is an art to engage every aspect of life, in order to glorify and gift a state of joyful consciousness.

The communication through symbols is in the form of expressive gestures (mudras or hastas) and pantomime set to music. The gestures and facial expressions convey the ras (sentiment, emotional taste) and bhava (mood) of the underlying story. In Hindu classical dances, the artist successfully expresses the spiritual ideas by paying attention to four aspects of a performance:

• Angika (gestures and body language),

• Vachika (song, recitation, music and rhythm),

• Aharya (stage setting, costume, make up, jewelry),

• Sattvika (artist's mental disposition and emotional connection with the story and audience, wherein the artist's inner and outer state resonates).

• Abhinaya draws out the bhava (mood, psychological states).

Founder in Classical  Indian Dance

RUKMINI DEVI

Rukmini Devi Arundale is a famous dancer and designer Bharatnatyam, a classical Indian dance form. He is a charismatic and his contribution to the rise of classical Indian music reaching his dreams in the Indian cultural arena. Rukmini Devi is believed to have rejected the seat of the President of India, which was once offered by Morarji Desai, the Indian Prime Minister. Rukmini Devi is well known for his efforts on the protection of their animal rights and welfare. Rukmini Devi Arundale was born on February 29, 1904. His father, Neelakanta Sastri, an engineer at the Public Works Department, was a dedicated member of the Theosophical Society formed by Annie Besant. After retirement, NeelakantaSastri turned to Madras (now known as Chennai). The family built their home, near the headquarters of the Theosophical Society in Adyar. His father's involvement in the Theosophical Society opened the way for Rukmini to be under the influence of Annie Besant's influence, in the early stages.

Although he was superior, Rukmini Devi continued to support Bharatnatyam, who was regarded as a low and abusive art at the time. She began to learn dance performances from Mylapore Gauri Ammal. He also called MeenakshisundaramPillai to come to Madras to teach him. Rukmini Devi made his first performance at the Jubilee Intan Theosophical Society in 1935. Within a year after his first performance in the Theosophical Society,

Costume

In terms of costumes, they created costumes that can make dancers look very beautiful and graceful, consisting of 'Paijama' or 'dhoti' and jacket from 'Kanchipuram silk' and 'Banaras silk'. The women also wear 'choli' or tight corsets of the same color. In ancient times, we could see that the original dress did not cover most of Bharata Natyam's dancers. In medieval times, the practice and belief of tok-tok alim caused devadasis to wear special and heavy attire which greatly restricted the dancer movement. There are several types of clothing Bharata Natyam, some do not restrict the dancer movement, while others are the opposite. Today's apparel is very symbolic, for its purpose is to release a dancing aura in this material age. The dancer wore a bracelet called a gajalualu, made of rope or leather with a slate like (traditional copper) bell attached to the armband. Additionally, the dancers also want to wear handbaskets and special accessories on the head.

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NUR ANIS MAZNI BINTI NOORDIN (2017601984)  

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NUR ANIS MAZNI BINTI NOORDIN (2017601984)  

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.Gasing
1. A kind of the game that can rotate at the bottom and be played by the Malay's in the past.
2. Played after the harvest season.
3. Gasing game is a game of competition between a villages. The winner is calculated based on the survival time.
4. That is the Gasing Leper Kelantan, one of the type of gasing that is only available in Kelantan and replayed by handful of tradisional player because the price is too expensive.
5. Between the gasing that can rotate longer than the others.

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MUHAMAD HAZWAN BIN ABD RANI (2017485516)

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MUHAMAD HAZWAN BIN ABD RANI (2017485516)

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Hari Gawai
1)Gawai Dayak is an annual festival celebrated by the Dayak people in Sarawak, Malaysia andWest Kalimantan, Indonesia on 31 May and 1 June.
2) It is a public holiday in Sarawak and is both a religious and a social occasion recognised since 1957.
3)Gawai Dayak was the concept of the radio producers Tan Kingsley and Owen Liang taken up by the Dayak community.
4) Gawai Dayak comes from Gawai meaning festival and Dayak a collective name for the indigenous peoples of Sarawak, Indonesian Kalimantan and the interior of Borneo.
5)The male and female dances consist of graceful and precise movements of the body, hands and feet with occasional shouts of a battle cry.

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Nurul Hanan Husna binti Mohd Husain 2017185049 'Kadazandusun

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Nurul Hanan Husna binti Mohd Husain 2017185049 'Kadazandusun

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1. The Kadazans are an ethnic group indigenousto the state of Sabah in Malaysia. They are found mainly on the west coast of Sabah, the surrounding locales, and various locations in the interior.

2. The trimmings and embroidery on the Kadazan costume are simple and dignified in comparison with other ethnic groups. The men’s jacket and trousers bear some Chinese influence. There are three different styles of blouses for the women. One is a blouse with short sleeves worn by young ladies. Another is a blouse with ¾ sleeves worn by middle-aged ladies for daily or casual use.

3. Kadazan culture is heavily influenced by the farming of rice, culminating in various delicacies and alcoholic drinks prepared through differing home-brewed fermentation processes. To'omis and linutau are the main rice wine variants served and consumed in Kadazan populated areas, and are a staple of Kadazan social gatherings and ceremonies.

4. The Kadazans have also developed their own unique dance and music. Sumazau is the name of the dance between a male and female, performed by couples as well as groups of couples, which is usually accompanied by a symphony of handcrafted bronze gongs that are individually called tagung.

5. The majority of the Kadazans are Christians, mainly Roman Catholics and some Protestants. Islam is also practiced by a growing minority.

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NOOR HIKMA BT MOHAMMAD ANWAR (2017485506)

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NOOR HIKMA BT MOHAMMAD ANWAR (2017485506)

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1.       Diwali or Deepavali is one of the India's biggest festivals. The word 'Diwali' means rows of lighted lamps. It is a festival of lights and Hindus celebrate it with joy. During this festival, people light up their houses and shops with Diyas (Small cup-shaped oil lamp made of baked clay)

2.       They worship the Lord Ganesha for good welfare and prosperity and Goddess Lakshmi for wealth and wisdom.

3.       Before Diwali, people spend a lot time cleaning, renovating, and decorating homes with rangoli – colorful patterns drawn on the floor.

4.       Rangoli is an art form from India, Bangladesh and Nepal in which patterns are created on the floor in living rooms or courtyards using materials such as colored rice, dry flour, colored sand or flower petals.

5.       It is usually made during Diwali or Tihar, Onam, Pongal and other Indian and Nepalese festivals related toHinduism. Designs are passed from one generation to the next, keeping both the art form and the tradition alive.

6.       The purpose of rangoli is decoration, and it is thought to bring good luck. Design depictions may also vary as they reflect traditions, folklore and practices that are unique to each area.

7.       It is traditionally done by women. Generally, this practice is showcased during occasions such as festivals, auspicious observances, marriage celebrations and other similar milestones and gatherings.

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NOR ASHIKIN BINTI CHE WAHID ( 2017485488)

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NOR ASHIKIN BINTI CHE WAHID ( 2017485488)

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CHINESE DANCE

1. The Dragon Dance is a traditional dance and performance in Chinese culture played during the festive season as a symbol of ethnic identity.

2. The Chinese believe that the dragon is a kind of beneficial life and represents unparalleled strength to eliminate bad luck and prevent crime.

3. The dance involved a large number of boys, youth, middle-aged men, widowers and parents.

4. The dance team imitate what is believed to be the movement of the spirit of the river in a whirlwind and bumpy.

5. It comes in five colors: green, red, yellow, white and black. What distinguishes the dragon with five colors is the people's tradition in the early years of the Han dynasty and today we can only see the golden dragon and the green dragon.

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Nor Ashikin Che Wahid chinese-new-year.jpg

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SITI FATHIYYAH BT JUSOH@YUSOF (2017485482)(Orang Asli

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SITI FATHIYYAH BT JUSOH@YUSOF (2017485482)(Orang Asli

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1) Traditional dance is a kind of dance art that showcases the beauty of body language through rhythms delivered.

2) Sewang which is a traditional dance for indigenous indigenous people, originally the dance was performed to treat the sick or injured.

3) While performing traditional dances, it is evident that their faces are happy and proud.

4) Even though a handful of young people of the Mahmeri society are considered to have forgotten themselves and do not know their origin, yet still many of them continue to strive to defend the tradition of ancestors.

5) They use equipment made from the environment to present their performances to the public.

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WAN ANIS FAKHIRA BINTI RAZALI (2017485478)

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WAN ANIS FAKHIRA BINTI RAZALI (2017485478)

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SUKU KAUM MURUT

1. The Murut tribe is the third largest in Sabah. The word 'Murut' refers to a group of people living on the hillside or highlands in the interior of Sabah.

2. Women's traditional dress is called Pinongkolo. Traditional dresses for women consisting of long dresses and gowns are black, and are decorated with beads. The decorated dress was called babaru linantian and the dress was but 'linantian. Other accessories such as belts, head ornaments, three sets of hair pins, chains and bracelets. all of these accessories are decorated with beads

3. while men's clothes are called Babara Puputul. it is made of wood bark. It is cut according to the length of the suit with the fashion of the sleeveless jacket and the wire. Coats of pineapple leaves are also used and decorated with simple handmade beads.Headwear made of leather tree bark decorated with feathers.

4.  Normally, the murut tribes wear this traditional dress during a party like Magavau Day and have an interesting traditional dance known as Magunatip. this dance must be performed by a pair of traditional dancers complete.

5.  Bamboo, more well-known as "Bamboo Dance", is considered as one of the most popular traditional dances in Sabah. In the dance, dancers need good timing and agility to put their feet between the clapping bamboo poles, without being trapped. Magunatip Dance is aimed to enliven a ceremony held

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DIWALI FESTIVAL

1.       Diagram given shows the celebrations of Diwali or also known as Deepavali , that celebrated by millions of Hindus, Sikhs and Jains across the world.

2.       Diwali is the most festive holiday of the year for the world’s Hindus and it is an official public holiday in many countries with significant Hindu populations including Malaysia.

3.       The purpose Diwali is for spiritual significance, they all symbolise the victory of light over darkness, knowledge over ignorance, good over evil, and hope over despair.

4.       People illuminate their houses and streets with lights and earthen lamps to lighten up the night.

5.       There are some fascinating traditions of Diwali such as cleansing the house, making sweets, lighting up the house, bursting firecrackers, having parties and giving gifts.

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THAIPUSAM
1.Thaipusam or Thaipoosam is a festival celebrated by the Tamil community in the full moon in the Tamil month of Thai

2. The Kavadi Attam(Burden Dance) also written as cavadee is the ceremonial sacrifice and offering performed by devotees during the worship of Murugan. The simplest Kavadi is a semicircular decorated canopy supported by a wooden rod that is carried on the shoulders to the temple.

3. The design and material varies according to the wishes of the kavadi bearers. The most common materials for kavadi are aluminum plates,wooden plates, nuts and bolts and peacock feathers. Kavadi made of polystyrene is popular in Ipoh and Penang while kavadi decorated with LED lights is popular in Ipoh.

4. The prayers could be for recovery from sicknesss, or to seek forgiveness for past misdeeds, or a childless couple asking for baby etc.

5. This sacrificial act could be in the for of carrying kavadi that weight several pounds and is attached to the body bye skewers and hooks (see photo above). This is usually done by the serious Thaipusam male pilgrims.

6. Its required to cleanse themselves with a least a month of prayer, fasting and several series of strict physical and mental disciplines. These include a strict vegetarian diet and maintaining selef discipline such as abstinence from sex.

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INDIAN WEDDING CEREMONY

Naimmatuzza Al Husna Binti Zahir Maulana
2017485476

1. The promises or niccayam bids are made after obtaining the consent of both parties. The next groom will proclaim an agreement to declare an agreement to marry the bride.
2. Next the marriage will be announced to the public.
3. As a sign of ties, both brides will change the betel nut which is called marrutal taambuulan.
4. Then they will discuss about wedding day and about shopping for bride, invitation card and so on.
5. Then the niccayam ceremony will be performed and will usually be performed by exchanging flower garlands.

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TRADITIONAL CHINESE FAN DANCE
1. The Chinese Fan Dance had been apart of traditional dance and China hheritage for over two thousand years and generally were divide into two which is folks dance and classical dance.

2.Chinese fan dance plays a few different roles in China such as used to help pass down stories and tradition of Chinese culture and also as entertainment.

3.This traditional dance are often been seen at festivals,theater performance and other exhibiton - style events.

4.Costumes that they are using are can be vary from traditional Chinese clothing to colorful lyrical dresses are often Chinese as part of the tale being told.

5.The fans are need to accentuate dancer movement and costumes and bring more attention to the cheoregraphy.

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Nurul Nur Fatihah binti Razali 2017485504
1) Masks became on important symbol in indigenous life.especially ethnic Mah Meri from Pulau Carey,Selangor.
2) The mask like their life used in various ceremony, including worship treating illness and deny disaster
3) Mask that snick has definition.As function example used in curing disease in ethnic and medicine man will ask family member produce mask with shape according to dream that is deemed to be as indication to save him..

4)Using alstonia that is soft, only scarce now when many tree felled in logging project.

5)After the mask made, it will be brought for sewang dance ceremony, way cure disease and then placed in river or in forest as sign chase away all interference who come to him. After the mask placed in forest or in river, patient will recover, while people or outsider suggested does not take him because worried will be struck by disease same.

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MUHAMMAD ASYRAF BIN MAT ARSAD
2017485498
1.       silat is a martial art often used by people in the malay archipelago. silat  are often used to defend themselves against enemy attacks.

2.       Silat martial arts or silat is a natural traditional art of self defence from Malay archipelago consisting of Malaysia, Indonesia, Brunei Singapore, Philippines southern, and Thailand southern suit with various spread Nusantara race. Some estimate this art had hundreds years old and hereditary from generation to generation.

3.       And known wide reach  over world .Those who learn silat called by pesilat. At present,  in Asian countries southeast owned flow or distinctive teaching.

4.       Besides, silat is also presented in public at certain occasions. for example, at ceremony wedding and anything ceremony. silat also manipulate as basic at in life malay archipelago

5.       silat aim  is make something in ceremony wedding. this is because silat can be motion upwards groom and bride at this ceremony live.

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Mohd.Fauzi Bin Saidin
2017903377

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Nur Najwasyamimi Binti Jasani
2017446962

1. Kaamatan is a harvest festival celebrated anually in the state of Sabah.
2. There s' a myth behind the Tadau Kaamatan celebrations.
3. There are tons of delicious local treats made for festival.
4. On the last day of celebration, the Harvest Festival Queen or Unduk Ngadau is crowned.
5. Traditional dance like Sumazau Sumirid, Magunatip are performed.

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NAZIATUL ATHIRAH BINTI ANUAR.             2017485514.      Mid-Autumn Festival

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NAZIATUL ATHIRAH BINTI ANUAR.             2017485514.      Mid-Autumn Festival

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1) The Mid-Autumn Festival is harvest festival celebrated, notably by ethnic Chinese andVietnamese peoples.
2) The festival is held on the 15th day of the 8th month of the lunar calendar with full moon at night, corresponding to late September to early October of the Gregorian calendar with a full moon at night.
3) Due to ancient China's cultural influence, the Mid-Autumn Festival has spread to other parts of Southeast Asia. However, the way in which different countries celebrate it varies.
4) Mooncakes, which are traditionally eaten during this festival have also appeared in western countries as an exotic sweet.
5) Eating moon cakes, appreciating the moon and parading with lanterns have been the Mid-Autumn Festival custom of Malaysian Chinese for generations.

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NOORZUHAIRAH BT AISHAM 2017810986 (Malay wedding ceremony) 

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NOORZUHAIRAH BT AISHAM 2017810986 (Malay wedding ceremony) 

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1- wedding ceremony is a traditions in malay culture for their nuptials before married between bride and groom
2- Baju Melayu is a traditional cloth for men in malay culture. In this picture the groom is wearing cekak musang collar  will seem to form a third of the baju from the top when it is worn beneath the kain samping or kain sarung.
3-motif of egg flower also in malay culture thats must have in their wedding that is for the guest who came into the ceremony for brides sake endowed with child
4- Malay culture also in their wedding which is called 'barang hantaran' this is for the brides from the groom as a sign in wedding day
5- accessory for the bride is from traditional veil from Riau which is the bride is wearing the veil used to cover the head slightly stretched portion of the left and right cheek

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Chinese New year. Najwa Adilla Binti Abdul Rahman. 2017445854

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Chinese New year. Najwa Adilla Binti Abdul Rahman. 2017445854

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1- Chinese society will wear a new traditional clothes on the day as a symbolic start of the new year, and bring a new spirit.
2- Chinese women will wear a Cheongsam, while a men will wear a Samfoo.
3-One of their traditional activities is giving 'angpau' to young people who not married yet and also to their parents.
4- Amount of 'angpau' must in odd number means a more perfect purpose.
5- Mandarin orange means a gold, that means their will give a gold to their guests who come to their house.

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Nurul Nur Fatihah Bt Razali ,2017485504'orang -orang '

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Nurul Nur Fatihah Bt Razali ,2017485504'orang -orang '

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(2017834038)
1- This dance is a native dance community Bajau tribe. Limbai dance danced while celebrating the arrival of the groom paraded to the bride's house.

2. As soon as the bridal entourage arrived, the procession paused, then Limbai dance performed in front of the bride

.3- It was a special occasion as a gesture to invite the bride's house to perform wedding ceremonies ie qabul consent.

4-  Rhythm and language accompanying dance troupe members of the bride's house.

5- Dancers waving their scarves as a symbol of welcoming and warm welcome.

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Kadazan Papar playing gongs

1. Kadazan people being cheering a party.
2. There are women wearing traditional Kadazan Papar clothing.
3. The women also wearing jewellery that is made of silver bracelets.
4. Some old women playing musical instruments such as gongs.
5. Gong is very well-known among the people Sabahans as a musical instrument even complement the traditions of a particular tribe.

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Chinese New Year. Najwa Adilla Binti Abdul Rahman. 2017445854

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Chinese New Year. Najwa Adilla Binti Abdul Rahman. 2017445854

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1- Chinese society will wear a new traditional clothes on the day as a symbolic start of the new year and intend to bring a new spirit.
2- Women will wear Cheongsam, while men will wear Samfoo.
3- One of their traditional activity is give an 'angpau' to young people who not married yet, and also for their parents, amount of 'angpau' must a odd number.
4- In Chinese society, they are choose a red colour for their traditional colour because, their trust that colour give a good luck.
5- Mandarin orange as a symbolic of gold, that means, give a gold to the guests who come their house.

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(Congkak) Intan Nazuha binti Seaidin - 2017485474

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(Congkak) Intan Nazuha binti Seaidin - 2017485474

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1) Congkak is a traditional Malay game that is often played as an indoor activity or as a comperition. usually, he uses hollow wood planks or holes on the ground and a conglomerate using rubber or marbles.
2) In Southeast Asia, congkak may develop from Melaka as the country is a trading center in the past. Besides the Malays, the descendants of Indian and Baba Malacca are also interested in the congkak game.
3) In the old days, the castle was playing congkak using a carved plank board, while among the masses, it was simply played by digging holes in the ground. Today, congkak is played around the world.
4) The congkak conglomerate boards can be made of various types of wood and there are five or seven inline holes known as 'village' and at both ends there is a mother's hole known as 'home'.
5) In modern times, congkak are made of hard plastic or with various design. Congkak is also renovated into mobile, and can be carried to anywhere.

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Wayang Kulit Sri Cahaya (Siti Fatiha Binti Paijan) - (2017485508)

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Wayang Kulit Sri Cahaya (Siti Fatiha Binti Paijan) - (2017485508)

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1) Wayang kulit is a form of traditional theatre in Southern Asia. It involves a puppet shadow play performance with origins that are possibly linked to the Indian shadow play.
2) There are many forms and types of Wayang Kulit in Asia. Those performed in Peninsular Malaysia have either Javanese or Patani influences. Wayang Kulit performance is usually accompanied by a Gamelan.
3) The puppets in Wayang Kulit come in many size, depending on the character they portray. A complete shadow theatre has between 160 and 200 puppets categorised into deities, warriors, ogres, hermits, monkeys, soldier, princesses, weapons, animals and mountain.
4) Most Malay shadow play characters have only one articulating limb, white a majority of Javanese and Balinese puppets have both arm articulated. The puppets are carved out of cow hide in ornite designs, and then beautifully painted with brights colours.
5) In Wayang Kulit, the puppets are moved behind a white cotton or unbleached muslin screen by a dalang or 'puppetmaster'.
6) The Dalang presides over the shadow play as its sole controlling performer such as telling the story, and interpreting characters and dialogue using a variety of voices. He manipulates all the puppets between a lamp and the screen to bring the puppet shadows to life.
7) Wayang Kulit is accompanied by the music of the Gamelan. Gamelan players respond and play music intuitively to the timing and narration by the Dalang. The repertoire typically consists of an overture as well as specific music for battle scenes, travelling scenes, entrances and exits of caharacters and the parade of warriors.

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Merenjis  (Fahmida Bt Mohd Sapuan)- 2017827234

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Merenjis  (Fahmida Bt Mohd Sapuan)- 2017827234

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1) this custom is symbolic of the bride's purification.                 2) Among the ingredients used in this ceremony are roses, spices and turmeric.
3) This ceremony is usually initiated by both parents, followed by relatives and other guests.                                  4) For this ceremony, both grooms will be sprinkled first with rose water. Then, turmeric rice will be sown at the bride and ends with the placement of flowers on both the palms of the bride.
5) After finishing bridal, the sprinkler will be given an egg flower as a thank you.

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'Makyong'
1.Mak Yong is derived from the name of Mak Hiang, which is the name of the spirit of paddy and has the identity of the Goddess Seri, Hindu-Javanese goddess and is regarded as a worship of nature and natural phenomena

2.Makyong is a traditional Malay dance and there are ritual elements

3.stylized acting and dance, vocal and instrumental music, a song, story and conversation texts that are formal and unpretentious.

4.These dramas are shown mainly in Terengganu, Patani, Kelantan, Kedah, Perlis and Riau Islands - Indonesia.

.5Musical instruments used during the makyung performance. The fiddle player is known as the tok tok, the rebab of three strings, a pair of tambourines, a pair of tetawak.

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Faiezah binti Noh
2017485502
'Southern Thailand dance'

1. The main dramatic art form of Thailand. Thai dance, like many forms of traditional Asian dance, can be divided into two major categories that correspond roughly to the high art (classical dance) and low art (folk dance) distinction

2. Aside from folk and regional dances is a southern Thailand's Indian-influenced by manohra dance, the two major forms of Thai classical dance drama are khon and lakon nai

3. The main southern thailand dance was influences by the indian dance techiques but they change the movements and poses to make the dance look different from Indian dance

4.  Thais perform the dances on rice cycle or religous  functions bcs mostly of the people there were rice farmer

5.  The traditional dances of southern thailand is The Nora or the thais called it Chatri.

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Ahmad Fitri Bin Mohamed Kamal
2017644176
"Minangkabau wedding"
1-Traditional Wedding Dress they wear is “Baralek Gadang”
2-Minangkabau weddings are an important part of the culture of the people of the Minangkabau Highlands, and numerous costumes, houses and related paraphernalia is reconstructed and displayed in local museums in West Sumatra
3-the Minangkabau maintain a matrileneal society in which women are given ancestral lands and house, family and its upbringing than do men
4-Minangkabau society, after married men prefer to go abroad or out of their village to find a greater opportunity for self-improvement. If they live at home, they are considered weak and less aggressive.
5-bride and groom in wedding minangkabau marriage involves the distinct cultural practice and custom of the minangkabau people , indigenous to west sumatra, indonesia

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Baba nyonya culture in Pulau Pinang.
1. Traditional transport that what we called as bicycle rickshaws is still using until now at the certain places.
2. The building at the back is a typical house of the rich Baba Nyonya of the last century.
3. The lady which sat on the bicycle rickshaws is the rich Nyonya that can be seen by the luxury of dress that she’s wearing.
4. The guy that riding the bicycle probably her servant.
5. The nyonya having a small conversation with the neighbors which a woman that holding an umbrella.

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(2017424198
Portugal Traditional Dance

1. Melaka have it’s unique Kristang folk song from the Portuguese Descendant, the Kristang song also famous with the Malacca Portuguese Descendants folk dance which are Branyo and Farapeira.

2. Until today, the Portuguese Community at Portuguese Settlement Malacca have preserved the old Portuguese customs such as language, food and dance. Famous dance are the Branyo and Farapeira.

3. The Farapeira is the famous and being played during many main occasion or when promoting Melaka at tourism exhibition.

4. Dance group from Melaka State Tourism Unit also using this Farapeira step when doing their performance and Jingling Nona is the famous Portuguese Song.

5. Farapeira is cheerful dance performed by couples in traditional colourful and bright Portuguese costume, and the steps of the dance are by clapping hand with fast changing feet stomping the floor making this dance joyful and resembles that this dance is for youngsters.

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Jogja Traditional Dancing 1. Series of movements performed by the dancers, either graceful or energetic always produces a harmonious composition and beautiful motion and it is dance srimpi. 2. There are several types of dances srimpi such as dance srimpi srimpi Anglirmendhung Ludira Honey. 3. First appear only in a limited time and place for the classic dances like that played in front of the king and royal family. 4. The dancer must undergo a series of rituals before bringing the dance is believed to have magical value. 5. For a certain times, the dance is demonstrated for example when the king was eating. 6.Dance srimpi movement is very graceful and harmonious describe the condition of running water which is smooth motion, without any fault, ranging from the head, hands and feet as if to resemble water continues to flow in the Java languange.

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1. Series of movements performed by the dancers, either graceful or energetic always produces a harmonious composition and beautiful motion and it is dance srimpi.

2. There are several types of dances srimpi such as dance srimpi srimpi Anglirmendhung Ludira Honey.

3. First appear only in a limited time and place for the classic dances like that played in front of the king and royal family.

4. The dancer must undergo a series of rituals before bringing the dance is believed to have magical value.

5. For a certain times, the dance is demonstrated for example when the king was eating.

6.Dance srimpi movement is very graceful and harmonious describe the condition of running water which is smooth motion, without any fault, ranging from the head, hands and feet as if to resemble water continues to flow in the Java languange.

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1.       A mooncake is a Chinese bakery product traditionally eaten during the Mid-Autumn Festival

2.       Most mooncakes consist of a thin, tender pastry skin enveloping a sweet, dense filling, and may contain one or more whole salted egg yolks in their center as the symbol of the full moon.

3.       Fillings in contemporary style mooncakes has diversified to include just about anything which can be made into a paste. Mooncakes containing taro paste and pineapple, which were considered novelty items at their time of invention have in recent years become commonplace items

4.       There are 3 major cities that have diverse types of moon cakes. Georgetown, Kuala Lumpur and Sabah. Mooncakes are quite similar to the traditional Chinese

5.       Snowy mooncakes first appeared on the market in the early 1980s. These non-baked, chilled mooncakes usually come with two types of crusts.

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Fahmida Bt Mohd Sapuan (2017827234)     1) this custom is symbolic of the bride's purification.                                                 2) Among the ingredients used in this ceremony are roses, spices and turmeric.  3) This ceremony is usually initiated by both parents, followed by relatives and other guests.                                               4) For this ceremony, both grooms will be sprinkled first with rose water. Then, turmeric rice will be sown at the bride and ends with the placement of flowers on both the palms of the bride.                            5) After finishing bridal, the sprinkler will be given an egg flower as a thank you.

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Fahmida Bt Mohd Sapuan (2017827234)     1) this custom is symbolic of the bride's purification.                                                 2) Among the ingredients used in this ceremony are roses, spices and turmeric.  3) This ceremony is usually initiated by both parents, followed by relatives and other guests.                                               4) For this ceremony, both grooms will be sprinkled first with rose water. Then, turmeric rice will be sown at the bride and ends with the placement of flowers on both the palms of the bride.                            5) After finishing bridal, the sprinkler will be given an egg flower as a thank you.

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1. This is the Indian wedding customs.
2. In the wedding, men's clothing is named Dhoti, usually combined with Sherwani, which is a kind of top robe but has a more glamorous motifs and patterns.
3. Ghagra or also known as Lehenga Choli. There are various forms of this dress, one of which is a embroidered Ghagra which is usually worn during a wedding ceremony for women.
4. In the wedding there will also be rituals where men tie the flower necklace to women and vice versa. The exchange of flowers is a symbol that couples will uphold their marriage because of the gods and respect each other.
5. Culture of henna in indian marriage

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Nor Fatiha Binti Mohammad

2017823834

1-intermarriage
2-baba nyonya drees up like chinesse look but in the different way
3-for the baba or man wear a samfoo or vest
4-baba's groom wear a long dress from cloth broked,wear a sibai bertekat and jewelry tarbus like crown
5-bridge wear baju kurung broked and songket,siba layang,gold thread.

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1-intermarriage
2-baba nyonya drees up like chinesse look but in the different way
3-

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1-intermarriage
2-baba nyonya drees up like chinesse look but in the different way

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1-intermarriage
2-baba nyonya drees up like chinesse look but in the different way
3

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1-intermarriage
2-baba nyonya drees up like chinesse look but in the different way

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1-intermarriage
2-baba nyonya drees up chin

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1-intermarriage
2-baba nyonya drees up like

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1-intermarriage
2-baba nyonya drees up

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2017682724
1. The Guna, known as Kuna prior to an orthographic reform in 2010, and historically as Cuna, are an indigenous people of Panama and Colombia.
2. In the Kuna language, they call themselves Dule or Tule, meaning “people”, and the name of the language in Kuna is Dulegaya, literally “people-mouth”.
3. The Guna, are famous of their bright molas, a colourful textile art form made with the technique of appliqué and reverse appliqué.
4. The economy of Kuna Yala is based on agriculture, fishing and manufacture of clothing with a long tradition of international trade.
5. The Guna live in three politically autonomous comarcas or reservations in Panama, and in few small villages in Colombia.

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Muhammad Nor Janatin Bin Jamaludin
2017485494

1. Coconut known as NariKela in Sanskrit, where nari is water and kela is fruit.

2. Breaking coconut is a symbol of sacrifice in Hinduism is the work of men only.

3. Coconut is the favourite fruit of their lord.

4. Breaking coconut meaning is breaking your ego.

5. Coconut is one of the most sacred fruits of this earth.

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1- Lantern is an important sort of ancient lamps.
2- The purpose of making is an opportunity for family reunion and marking the end of Lunar Chinese New Year.
3- It is to drive away evil spirits.
4- The symbols of joy, prosperity, and good fortune.
5- The red colour of lantern represents energy and vitality.