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The students disliked the Metternich System. Many of them had taken part in the wars of Napoleon. In 1815 they formed patriotic groups which were  called
´´ Burschenschaften´´. They organized meetings to talk about  how to make Germany a united and democratic country.
They wore red, black and gold which were and still are the ´´German colors´´.  Metternich wanted to forbid the federation because he saw it as a danger.

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500 students attended the Festial in 1817. They celebrated the Battle of Leipzig and the start of the Reformation. Speakers criticized the old System and burned symbols of repression and censorship. Everything was quite harmless but the German rulers still became nervous.

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On 23 March 1819 a student killed a journalist that made fun of their organisation and the movement. The student got executed and Metternich used the execution as an excuse to silence the movement and to pass the laws against the liberal movement. The Universities were under strict supervision and the movement was unable the express its demands.

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In the year 1823 30000 southern liberals and radicals met at the Hambach castle. There they demanded unification and a republican in Germany. On this they the people walked around with houndreds of flags with the German colours.

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Great Britain and Hanover had been ruled in a personal union since 1714. That changed in 1837 because ascended the throne and Ernst August II became King. That broke the constitution. 7 Universities professors protested against that and got dismissed. That made the scandal even worse.