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Research Question: How does the amount of water given to the mung beans affect the length of the sprout?

Hypothesis: If more water is given to the mung beans, then the mung beans will have a longer sprout.

Set Up: We had 5 glass trays with filter paper in each of them. We put 5 mung beans in each tray and put different amounts of water in each tray. There was a tray with 0 mL, 5 mL, 10 mL, 15 mL, and 20 mL.

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Water (mL) | Sprout length
0 | 0
5 | 6.2
10 | 6.5
15 | 8.6
20 | 7.5

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Claim: Of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 mL of water, 15 mL of water given to a mung bean will make it grow the most.

Evidence: The data shows that water is needed for the germination process in mung beans. It shows that when there are 0 mL of water, there is no difference in the length of the sprout. With both 5 or 10 mL of water, the mung beans grew more than with 0 mL, but not the most it could habe. 20 mL of water seemed to be too much. While the beans grew more with 20 mL than with 5 and 10 mL, it still wasn't the highest length it could be. 15 mL seemed to be the most efficient of the choices. It grew the most of the different amounts, with 8.6 mL.

Reasoning: The mung beans do not grow when given 0 mL of water, because water is needed during germination. Since the mung beans grow about 6.2 and 6.5 when given 5 and 10 mL of water, we can assume that these amounts are better than 0 mL, but still need more water to grow to it's highest possible length. This could be a result of the beans not being moist enough. When the beans are given 20 mL of water, the beans grow more than the previous lengths but not to the highest length. This could possibly be too large of an amount of water, so the beans may not be receiving enough nutrients. 15 mL was the best fit for the mung beans, because it had the best amount of each factor a mung bean needs to germinate. It seemed to have the best amount of water that wasn't too little, and wasn't too small.

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Research Question: Do pill bugs prefer being on wet or dry surfaces?

Hypothesis: If pill bugs are given the option of a wet surface or a dry surface, then most would prefer to stay on the wet side.

Set Up: We had a plastic container with two sides that had a part in the middle leading to each side. We wet one side with water and left the other side dry. There were ten pill bugs put in the container. We recorded how many pill bugs were on each side every 60 seconds.

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Time (min) | Ave # of Bug in WET | Ave # of Bugs in DRY
0 | 5 | 5
1 | 4.25 | 5.75
2 | 5.75 | 4.25
3 | 6.25 | 3.75
4 | 6.25 | 3.75
5 | 7 | 3
6 | 6.75 | 3.25
7 | 6.75 | 3.25
8 | 7 | 3
9 | 7.5 | 2.5
10 | 7.5 | 2.5

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Claim: Pill bugs prefer to be on a wet surface rather than a dry surface.

Evidence: As time goes by, more pill bugs start to go to the wet side and less stay in the dry side. Starting with 5 bugs on each side, by the end of the 10 minutes, the average of bugs on the wet side is 7.5, and the average number of bugs on the right side is 2.5. I know that pill bugs prefer being on a wet surface because the overall average of bugs on the wet side is 6.5 with error bars of +/-0.68 and the overall average number of bugs on the right side were 3.5 with error bars of +/-0.68.

Reasoning: According to nature.mdc.mo.gov, Pill bugs prefer wet surfaces because they have gills that they need to be kept moist. Pill bugs' habitat is usually damp and humid places such as under logs. This is also a reason that they roll up in a ball. The underside of a pill bugs body is easily dried out and can be harmful to them. This could be a reason that some of the pill bugs in the experiment tried to flip over on their backs while they're on the dry side. Some of these bugs can push their appendeges into dewdrops and channel water into their gills.

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Research Question: How do different amounts of salt solution affect the growth of brine shrimp eggs?

Hypothesis: Brine shrimp eggs will grow most efficiently when in water with a salt solution of 2%.

Set Up:
5 Petri dishes
5 Pieces of tape
1 Microscope
1 Graduated Cilinder
2 Magnifying glass
Salt
Water
Brine Shrimp eggs

We had 5 petri dishes with a glass slide in each of them. We put tape on each slide, and poured about 20 brine shrimp eggs on each piece of tape. Then we poured water with different amounts of salt solution in the petri dishes.

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When brine shrimp eggs are given environments with 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, and 3% salt solutions, they will grow and live most in 2% salt solution. The table shows that when the eggs are given anything more or less than 2% have a survival rate of less than 10%. Although some eggs hatched but died in these solutions, few brine shrimp survived. With 2% solution, There were more survivors than the other 4 solutions. This could be a result in dormant cysts. A brine shrimp lives in a cyst before it is born, and will hatch when the conditions are right. But if the conditions are not right the mother produces dormant cysts that the shrimp won't hatch out of unless conditions are right. Evolution can also cause the hatching and survival of brine shrimp in other salt solutions other than 2%.

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Research Question: How does light effect the net primary productivity?

Hypothesis: Maximum light will be the most efficient for primary productivity.

Setup: We had a container filled with spinach, and a CO2 detecter in the container. We measured the CO2 change in different amounts of light, by putting the lamp up to the container, putting screens over the container, then putting

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PERCENT CHANGE IN CO2
| G1 | G2 | G3 | G4 | G5 | G6 | AVE |
HIGH | -99.1 | -98 | -95.2 | -31.6 | -100 |  | -84.78 |
MED | 9.7 |  | 0 | -23.6 | -21.7 |  | -8.9 |
LOW | 17.2 |  | 84.8 | 19.1 | 72.6 | 5.6 | 39.86 |

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Claim: Light positively effects primary productivity.

Evidence: The average CO2 change for each amount of light shows that there is the least amount of CO2 when there is maximum light. It also shows that the amount of CO2 is the most when it gets the least amount of light.

Reasoning: The most amount of light is best for primary productivity. This is most likely because light converts the CO2 into other things that are efficient to primary productivity. The light converts the CO2 into other things such as sugars and oxygen.

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Research question: How do red and blue lamps differ from a regular lamp in primary productivity?

Hypothesis:

Set Up:

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Research Question: How does solute concentration effect the movement of H2O across the membrane?
What is the solute concentration of a potato cell?

Hypothesis: The solute concentration will lessen the movement of H2O across the membrane.
The solute concentration of the potato cells is equal to the isotonic solution

Set Up:

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Claim: The solute concentration determines whether the mass goes in or out of the H2O.

Evidence:

Reasoning:

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Claim: The solute concentration of a potato cell is about 0.35 m

Evidence: According to the graph it crosses the x axis at 0.35

Reasoning: The isotonic solution causes mass to go in and out of the cell and causes no change and it is 0.35 m.

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Observation 1
Height: 12 ft
Diameter: 2 in

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Organisms-
Ants, 3, Visiting, 1% Coverage