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During this period the four kings who ruled were all called George and while British prime minister became more powerful, the king became less important.

During this period, most of the wars were against France: there was the battle of Trafalgar, where Lord Nelson sank most of Napoleon’s ship and then there was the other one, of Waterloo, where The Duke of Wellington beat Napoleon’s soldier.
LORD NELSON

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With James I, King of Ireland and England, as well as Scotland, it started to be difficult to maintain peace between the Catholics and Protestant.

Civil War broke out in 1642 between Royalist, who wanted Monarchy, and Parliamentarians, led by Oliver Cromwell. James I was king when Guy Fawkes tried to blow up the House of Parliament in 1605.

King Charlie I, who succeeded James I, was executed in 1649 and later Cromwell became Lord Protector of England.  So England became a republic for eleven years, so from 1649 to 1660.

OLIVER CROMWELL

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This period had perhaps two of the country’s strongest monarchs: Henry VIII and his daughter Elizabeth I. There was the War of the Roses, between York’s family and Lancaster’s family. The war ended when Henry VII married Elizabeth and then it started Tudor’s dynasty.

Henry VIII appointed himself head of the Protestant church of England. With Elizabeth i the dynasty ended, because she didn’t have any child.
ELIZABETH I

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During this period different kings ruled England: Henry II, Richard the Lionheart and John Lackland. This one was forced in 1215 to sign a document, called The Magna Charta. This one limited the power of the monarchy and gave English people basic rights. From 1347 to 1350 the Plague/Black death killed one third of the population.

MAGNA CHARTA

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The first people to inhabit the British Isles were hunters and gatherers. Around 4500 BC the introduction of farming marked the beginning of Neolithic Period. Famous monuments, like Stonehenge were built in this period. During the Bronze and the Iron Ages the population increased and defensive forts were built.

The Celts came to the British Isles from Europe about 2,700 year ago (700 BC). They lived in tribes and became known as Britons.

THE CELTS

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Julius Caesar made two expeditions to Britain in 55 and 54 BC, but under the rule of the Emperor Claudius, the Romans invaded and conquered much of England and Wales, which became part of the Romans. This happened in 43 AD and they built important towns such as London, Bath, Manchester and York. The Romans, who introduced sanitation and sewage system, spoke Latin, which is the basis of many English words today.

THE ROMANS

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The line of Norman kings started in 1066 with the arrival of William I, the conqueror. This one, the duke of Normandy, defeated the Saxon at the battle of Hastings and then he was crowned King William I of England. In this period there were a lot of revolts, because no one wanted a Norman king. During the period of Norman’s king, a lot of castle ad fortresses were built all around England. The successors of William I were William II, Henry I, Stephen and Matilda.

WILLIAM I

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Between 789 and 899 the Vikings came in wooden ships from Scandinavia and they made Jorvik (that’s now York) their capital.

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The Anglo-Saxon, who came from North-West Europe (Germany), attacked Britain after the departure of the Romans. They began to settle particularly in England and parts of Southern Scotland. They were farmers and they lived in small villages. One of their kings was King Alfred (871-899).
KING ALFRED