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INTRODUCTION

As a replacement for the National Agricultural Policy, the Ministry of Agriculture and Agrobased Industry introduced the National Agrofood Policy (NAP4) in 2010. (NAP3). The blueprint lays out a plan to transform the agricultural sector into one that is more dynamic, progressive, and sustainable. It addresses the issues and challenges that each industry in the agrofood sector faces, as well as developing strategies and action plans. The NAP4 spans the years 2011 to 2020. In contrast to previous national agricultural policies, which combined agrofood and agroindustry commodities such as oil palm, rubber, and cocoa, this policy focuses solely on agrofood commodities. The NAP4 will take two years to arrive at its destination. Some industries experience significant changes, affecting the socioeconomic status of farmers, livestock breeders, and entrepreneurs. It also contributes to Malaysia's revenue by exporting those commodities to global markets. Some industries, on the other hand, remain stagnant and move slowly.

Objective

The main objectives of the National Agrofood Policy (2011-2020) are:

· to address food security and safety to ensure availability, affordability and accessibility;

· to ensure the competitiveness and sustainability of the agrofood industry; and

· to increase the income level of agropreneurs.

TARGETS

Ø  Improvement the efficiency of the agro-food industry along value chain so that the industry becomes more productive, competitive and intensive knowledge

Ø  Agricultural based on development export commodities

Ø  Reducing poverty rural

Ø  Maximize revenue farmers and fishermen through the use of resources optimally

Ø  Private sector is an important role as an agent change or catalyst of transformation modern, dynamic agricultural sector and competitive.

Ø  Transforming the agro-food sector into a sustainable, resilient and high tech sector

Benefits

Benefits of the National Agrofood Policy (2011-2020)

-        Development of high value agriculture

-        Sustainable agriculture development

-        Dynamic agricultural cluster with maximization of income generation

-        Private sector driven investment in modern agriculture

-        Modernization of agriculture by R&D, technology and innovation

-        Prime agricultural support service

Strategies NAPC

ü  Embrace modernization and smart agriculture

ü  Strengthen domestic market & create/produce demand driven and export oriented products

ü  Build talent that meets demand of the industry

ü  Advance towards sustainable agriculture practices and inclusivity

ü  Create conducive business ecosystem & robust institutional framework

CHALLENGES IN NATIONAL AGRO POLICY

The National Agro-Food Policy 2011-2020 is provided after The Third National Agricultural Policy expired in 2010. This is the first time a policy has been formulated specifically for agro -food industry to ensure that this industry remains significant as one of the important sectors in the economic growth of the country. The Malaysian Government introduced the National Agrofood Policy 2011-2020 (NAP4) in 2010, as a guidance document for the implementation of programs and projects for the development of the agricultural sector in Malaysia. The ten years period of this NAP4 will be completed at the end of 2020. After nearly eight years of implementation, there are some industries that show a good performance, while the other groups are still lacking behind the target and move very slowly The performance of the agricultural sector is effected by many issues and challenges. Among the challenges we can see are:-

1. Low output productivity and low income

2. Low involvement of provate sector in industry

3. Unconducive business environment

4. Coordination issues between fedral/ State, and between federal agencies

5. Inadequate capacity and capability of the workforce

6. Natural disasters,disease, and unsustainable farming pratices

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National Agriculture Policy 1 (1982-1991)

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National Agriculture Policy 1 (1982-1991)

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Pengenalan Dasar Pertanian Negara Pertama

Dasar Pertanian Negara Pertama (DPN1) (1984-1991) dilaksanakan pada tahun 1984 dengan memberi penekanan kepada dasar expansionary (perluasan/pengembangan) yang mengutamakan tanaman komoditi seperti kelapa sawit dan koko. Dengan kedudukan tanah dan tenaga buruh pertanian yang baik, melalui DPN1, Kerajaan telah melabur dengan banyak di dalam pembangunan infrastruktur, pembangunan in-situ dan pembukaan tanah-tanah baru bagi memajukan dua tanaman tersebut.

Objektif Dasar Pertanian Negara Pertama

Membangunkan sektor pertanian yang berorientasikan eksport, dan memenuhi suasana semasa (Dasar Pertanian Negara, 1984)

Tenaga buruh yang mencukupi.

Dasar ekonomi yang berkembang (Dasar-Dasar Pembangunan Malaysia, 1988).

Sumber tanah yang mencukupi

Tanaman komoditi, ladang, kelapa sawit, koko, getah.

Infrastruktur diberi keutamaan (Dasar Pertanian Negara, 1984.

Dasar Pertanian Negara Ketiga, 1998-2010).

Pendekatan Produk

Fokus pada dasar pengembangan pada tanaman eksport seperti:

i.         Kelapa sawit

ii.         Koko

Sararan Dasar Pertanian Negara 1 (1984-1991)

1.     Memaksimumpak pendapatan sektor pertanian serta pendapatan pekeben kecil melalui peningkatan daya pengeluaran dan meningkatakan hasil dan mutu komiditi eskport.

2.     Meningkatkan pengeluaran pertanian termasuk penerokaan sumber pertumbuhan baru dengan penyertaan sektot swasta yang lebih besar.

3.     Mengembangkan aktiviti pemprosesan berasakan pertanian dan kepelbagaian produk.

4.     Memperkukuhkan pemasaran dan rangkaian global.

5.     Meningkatkan pendapatakn pekebun kecil, petani dan menambahbaik sistem penyampain perkhidmatan.

Kelebihan Dasar Pertanian Negara 1 (1984-1991)

1.     Memperluaskan sektor pembuatan dan mengubah kepentingan relatif sektor pertanian.

2.     Mewujudkan isu kemiskinan luar bandar dan ketidakseimbangan pendapatan antara petani komersial dan tradisional.

3.     Sebagai tindak balas kepada keupayaan dasar-dasar terdahulu untuk membasmi kemiskinan dan prestasi sektor pertanian yang lemah sebagai enjin pertumbuhan ekonomi.

4.     Penekanan dasar tersebut adalah untuk membasmi kemiskinan dalam kalangan petani tradisional dan pada masa yang sama meningkatkan nilai hasil pertanian untuk pasaran eksport.

5.     Pembangunan tanah baharu mewujudkan peluang pekerjaan di kawasan luar bandar dan meningkatkan pengeluaran produk agro makanan untuk kegunaan tempatan.

Cabaran Utama Dasar Pertanian Negara 1 (1984-1991)

1.    Keperluan membangunkan sektor pertanian yang berorientasikan eksport.

2.    Keperluan mengutamakan tanaman komoditi seperti kelapa sawit dan koko.

3.  Usaha dalam memaksimumkan pendapatan daripada pertanian melalui penggunaan    sumber negara.

Strategi Dasar Pertanian Negara 1 (1984-1991)

1.     Sediakan komunikasi pengurusan pengetahuan dan mekanisme perkongsian maklumat dan tingkatkan penggunaan rangkaian teknologi maklumat dan komunikasi sensitif jantina, termasuk media cetak, media elektronik, video, audio dan suara dan teks telefon bimbit untuk menyampaikan mesej sambungan dengan berkesan, contohnya, output harga, ketersediaan input ladang, kaedah pertanian, mesej pemakanan, dansebagianya.

2.     Mewujudkan pangkalan data semua program dan penyedia pengembangan pertanian di negara ini untuk meningkatkan perkongsian maklumat dan penyelarasan penyampaian perkhidmatan sambungan.

3.     Menggalakkan pembangunan varieti benih baharu, baka ternakan, anak ikan, dan teknologi pertanian lain, termasuk perumusan makanan ikan.

4.     Menggalakkan pembangunan dan aplikasi komersial bioteknologi pertanian, termasuk kultur tisu, pengeluaran inokulan tempatan untuk kekacang, vaksin veterinar dan ubat-ubatan, dan racun perosak

5.     Menggalakkan pertumbuhan sistem bekalan input pertanian yang diterajui sektor swasta yang responsif kepada keperluan petani.

Inisiatif Dasar Pertanian Negara 1 (1984-1991)

1.     Pembukaan tanah baru pertanian

2.     Pemulihana tanah terbiar

3.     Penyatuan tanah

4.     Galakan perladanagn perkumpulan

5.     Menambahkan sokongan pertanian

6.     Penekanan peningkatan mutu dan persebahan atau pembunguksan hasil pertanian

7.     Meningkatkan peranan agensi-agensi pertanian

8.     Memupuk semnagat berdikari dan bantu membantu sesama petani

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Members:

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*Introduction*
The Food Act 1983 is to provide for the protection of the public against health hazards and fraud in the preparation, sale and use of any Malaysian food.

The Food Act also maintain and control the food production to consumption which involves in process.

Main Enforces and Regulator:
🍞 Ministry of Health
- HACCP Certification.
🍞 Ministry of Agriculture and Local authorities.
- GMPs
- SOPs
- ISO9000

Veterinary Department, Fishery Department, and Customs Department are involves when import and export process to ensure the quality.

The act is used for nutrition labelling and rights to ensure that consumers get the right information and can make their own decision when buying food.

*Objectives*
The purpose of FOOD ACT 1983 is to protect the public against health hazard and fraud in the preparation, sale and use to food and include for matter incidental thereto or connected therewith.

*Targets*
Food Act 1983 targets to ensure food safety and upload the nation’s integrity in food safety and quality through shared responsibility and accountability on the basis of effective tripartite management system toward vision 2020.

*Benefits*
1. To provide protection to the public against food related hazards and frauds
2. To reduced loss of income and health care costs for the affected individual
3. To improved productivity of food.
4. To reduced food poisoning among the public
5. To provide a healthy and best nutrition system to the country

*Arrangement and section in food act 1983*
I. Preliminary
II. Admistration and Enforcement
III. Offences and Evidence
IV. Importation, Warranty and Defences.
V. Misceullaneous Provisions

*Issues and challenges*
• Existing Issues Being addressed
– Hygiene of eating establishment
– Residue of veterinary drugs
– Pesticides
– Abuse and overuse of food additives
– Mycotoxin
– Inorganic contaminants
*Effort already taking place to reduce the contravention and risk to consumers.*

• New Issues beginning to be addressed
– Migration of chemicals substances from packaging materials and other materials in contact with food
– Persistent Organic Environmental Pollutants (dioxin, PCBs, PAH)
– Chemical substances formed during cooking/processing
– Hypersensitivity, intolerance and allergic reactions
– Antibiotic resistant microorganism

*STRATEGIES*
– Review and update legislation and strengthen infrastructure
– Enhance collaboration between government agencies, consumer bodies, academia, industry and international organisations
– Develop and train manpower resources
– Educate consumers to raise their awareness of food safety issues

Sekian terima kasih :")

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National Agriucultural Policy 2 (1992-1997) NAP2

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National Agriucultural Policy 2 (1992-1997) NAP2

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1.*INTRODUCTION*

🌸 The Second National Agriculture Policy (NAP2) was the extension of the NAP 1. This policy aimed to address the challenges faced by the agricultural sector, especially in meeting the demand for agro-food products in the domestic and global markets. The NAP2 puts greater emphasis on productivity, efficiency of agro-food production to enable this sector to contribute to the economic growth.

2. *OBJECTIVE*

a) Increase productivity, efficiency and competitiveness

b) Increase the area of oil palm crops (plantation crops)

c)  Development of agro based industries

d) To increase sustainable production

3. *TARGET*

🌸 Targets increasing *productivity*, *efficiency* and *competitiveness*.

🌸 Plantation crops such as oil palm are also given attention with efforts to expand the area under cultivation.

4. *BENEFIT*

a) The NAP2 puts greater emphasis on productivity, efficiency of agro-food production to enable this sector to contribute to the economic growth.

b) Maximize participation of the private sector to transform the sector into a more competitive and efficient sector.

c) Enhance human-resource development through training.

5. *CHALLENGE*

a) Low agricultural production and productivity.

b) Diminished investment in agricultural research and development (R&D).

C) Low levels of agricultural mechanization among smallholder farmers.

d) High dependence on rain-fed agriculture compounded by low levels of irrigation.

e) Limited access and availability to agricultural finance and credit facilities.

f) Reduced net value of agricultural exports particularly for horticulture, floriculture and fish products although the overall value of non-traditional exports has been rising due to included exports of timber, honey and handcrafts.

6. *STRATEGY*
a) Optimize resource utilization to diversity export crops cultivation into other activities

b) Accelerate agro-based industrial development that generates more off-farm opportunities for smallholders to earn additional income

d) Enhance R&D (Research and Development)  to overcome the production processes, labor shortage and other constraints in the agricultural sector

e) Maximize the participation of the private sector to transform the sector into a more competitive and efficient sector

f) Enhance human resource development through training

7. *INCENTIVES*

a) The incentives that doing in NAP2 is when during the NAP2, the government provides incentives through the development of *new infrastructures and subsidy programs* that benefit small holder farmers in all sub-sectors.

b) The government also *opened new land areas for industrial crops* such as rubber and oil palm as well as for agro-food such as paddy, pineapple and vegetables.

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INTRODUCTION:

Global Food Act 2016 is a law that have been introduced on 24 March 2015 and this law has been endorsed by a number of humanitarian organizations. The law authorizes a comprehensive, strategic approach for United States foreign assistance to developing countries to reduce global poverty and hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition, promote inclusive, sustainable agricultural-led economic growth, improve nutritional outcomes especially for women and children, build resilience among vulnerable population and also for other purposes.

OBJECTIVES:

Supports a coordinated strategy to:
🌼improve farm productivity
🌼combat hunger
🌼promote better nutrition
🌼fight poverty
🌼stimulate economic growth on a global scale

TARGET:

🌼smallholder farmers, particularly women

POLICIES:

🌼Require the administration to develop a whole-of-government strategy to address global food insecurity and malnutrition.
🌼Emphasize the importance of leveraging resources and expertise from U.S. academic institutions, non governmental organizations, faith-based groups, private voluntary organizations, and the private sector.
🌼Improve upon existing monitoring and evaluation practices to ensure transparency and the effective use of U.S. taxpayer dollars.
🌼Require the administration to report to Congress and to the public annually about the strategy, its results, and the use of foreign-assistance funds.

BENEFITS:

1. Agricultural growth reduce poverty directy by raising farm incomes, and indirectly through generating employment and reducing food prices.
2. Helped to reversed a nearly three-decade-long decline in agriculture investment.
3. Helping nearly seven million smallholder farmer increase crop production and providing nutritious food.
4. Improving the livehoods of smallholder farmer.
5. Strengthening maternal and child nutrition, and building capacity for long-term agriculture growth.

STRATEGIES:

1. Establish clear and transparent selection criteria for target countries and communities.

2. Support and be aligned with country-owned agriculture, nutrition, and food security policy and investment plans developed with input from key stakeholders, as appropriate.

3. Support inclusive agricultural value chain development, with small-scale producers, especially women, gaining greater access to the inputs, skills, resource management capacity, networking, bargaining power, financing, and market linkages needed to sustain their long-term economic prosperity.

4. Support the long-term success of programs by building the capacity of local organizations and institutions in target countries and communities.

PROGRESS & STATE OF THE ACT SINCE PASSAGE:

Feed the future reached nearly eleven million small scale foos producers.
In partnership with USAID it trained more than 3.7 million people in child health & nutrition, also trained thousands of local health facilities on how to effectively cope with malnutrition. Food security was a great unifier.

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*NAP3 (THIRD NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL POLICY) 1998-2010* 

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*NAP3 (THIRD NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL POLICY) 1998-2010* 

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*NAP3 (THIRD NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL POLICY) 1998-2010*

*INTRODUCTION*

NAP3 will focus on new approaches to increase productivity and competitiveness, deepen linkages with other sectors, venture into new frontier areas as well as conserve and utilise natural resources on a sustainable basis. NAP3 has been formulated to ensure that the capability of the agricultural sector to play its strategic role in national development is sustained and enhanced in light of new and emerging challenges facing agricultural development.

NAP 3 introduces two new approaches namely the agroforestry approach and product-based approach.
• Product based
- Livestock
- Fruit
- Vegetables
- Rubber
- Cocoa
- Fisheries
• Agroforestry wooden based

*OBJECTIVES*

• To enhance food security
• To increase productivity and competitiveness of the sector
• To deepen linkages with other sectors
• To create new sources of growth for the sector
• To conserve and utilize natural resources on a sustainable basis

*TARGETS*

• Farmers
• Breeders
• Fishermen

*BENEFITS*

1. Creating a larger productive base for agriculture and forestry by allowing a wider range of agroforestry enterprise mix, optimize resources utilization particularly the land resources and enhance the income generating potential of agroforestry investments.
2. Enable the production of both agricultural and forestry products on the same land      thereby mitigating the demand pressure for new arable land.
3. Support various symbiotic relationships such as planting of forest species with industrial crops to optimize land utilization and maximize returns.
4. Provide avenues for early and continuous returns from the agriculture component of the mixed enterprise. This will encourage the participation of the private sector in commercial forest plantations, thereby increasing the supply of timber for the wood-based industries.

*CHALLENGES*

1. The country's food import bill is continuously increasing.  The instability and volatility of the exchange rate has put a strain on Malaysia's
foreign exchange reserves and has led to imported inflation.
2. The high demand for food has led to increases in food prices. Increasing per capita
income and awareness of a balanced diet and health consciousness of the populace.
3. Concerns for the environment at both domestic and global levels require more
innovative and efficient agricultural and forestry practices for the sustainable development of the sector.

*STRATEGIES*

Product Based Approach (Based on market demand and tastes)
- Meet the needs and demands of the market, including niche markets.
- Enhance the marketing capability of products by integrating upstream and downstream activities from the aspects of production, processing, and marketing.

Forestry approach (Maximizing land use)
- Encourage compatible and complementary agriculture and forestry activities. (Short -term crops planted with timber species in the same soil)
- Get an early return on investment. (Short -term crops / herbs get a quick return compared to forest crops)
- Maximize land use. (Develop forest areas without affecting them)

*INCENTIVES*

1.The list of promoted activities and products will also be reviewed in line with the new focus and direction of agricultural development.
2. Soft loans will continue to be provided to critical areas such as food production, mechanisation and automation,commercialisation of agricultural R&D output, and bumiputra participation in commercial agriculture.
3. Guidelines to promote foreign investment in agriculture will be formulated.

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Make an interactive and powerful information board of Malaysia's Agriculture Food Policies. Please using point form.
Avoid long descriptions.
Avoid lengthy explanation.
Eg: Objective of the policies, who is the target audience, incentives etc.