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Marisha Cheryl A (220210200026)

Syifaurrahmah (220210200025)

Putri Hanipan P (220210200024)

Sekar Aulia N (220210200020)

Cantikya Rahma Hadi (220210200018)

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Nasogastric tubes are part of the standard of care in treating intestinal obstruction and can also be used to provide nutritional support. They are most common in surgical patients but are useful in any patient population where gastric decompression or nutritional support is necessary. This activity reviews the indications for the placement of nasogastric tubes and explains the pertinent anatomy, technique, equipment, and potential complications of placement of nasogastric tubes. It highlights the role of the interprofessional team in the use of NG tubes.

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Tube

Nierbeken

Lubricant

Handscoon

Towel

Syringe

Penlight

Anesthetic throat spray

Tape

Pad

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- Put on gloves - Wash your hands and put on a pair of disposable medical gloves before advancing with the procedure.

Even though you'll have gloves on, you should still wash your hands with warm water and antibacterial soap to further reduce the risk of introducing germs into the nasogastric tube.

- Explain the procedure to the patient - Introduce yourself to the patient and explain the procedure. Make sure that you have the patient's consent before continuing.

Talking the patient through the procedure before you perform it can allow you to gain his or her trust while also calming the patient down.

- Position the patient - For best results, the patient should be positioned in an upright sitting position with his or her chin touching the chest. He or she should also face forward.

If the patient has a difficult time holding his or her head up, you may need someone to assist you by holding the patient's head forward. You can also use stiff pillows to hold the head steady.

When placing an NG tube in a baby, you can lay the baby back instead of holding him or her in an upright sitting position. The baby's face should be up, and the chin should be slightly raised.

- Examine the nostrils - For best results, the patient should be positioned in an upright sitting position with his or her chin touching the chest. He or she should also face forward.

If the patient has a difficult time holding his or her head up, you may need someone to assist you by holding the patient's head forward. You can also use stiff pillows to hold the head steady.

When placing an NG tube in a baby, you can lay the baby back instead of holding him or her in an upright sitting position. The baby's face should be up, and the chin should be slightly raised.

- Measure the tube Measure the necessary tube length by drawing the NG tubing across the outside of the patient's body.

Start at the bridge of the nose, then draw the tube across the face to the earlobe.

From the earlobe, draw the tube down to the xiphisternum, which lies halfway between the end of the sternum and the navel. This point lies at the center front of the body, where the lower ribs meet.

For an infant, this point will be roughly one finger-width beneath the chest bone. For a child, measure two finger-widths.

The distance can vary more dramatically for teenagers and adults depending on height.

Write down the proper measurement on the tube using permanent marker.

- Numb the patient's throat. Spray the back of the patient's throat with anesthetic throat spray. Wait a few seconds for the spray to take effect.

This procedure can be uncomfortable for many patients, and the use of throat spray can minimize discomfort and reduce gagging. It is not strictly necessary, however.

- Lubricate the Tube. Spray the back of the patient's throat with anesthetic throat spray. Wait a few seconds for the spray to take effect.

This procedure can be uncomfortable for many patients, and the use of throat spray can minimize discomfort and reduce gagging. It is not strictly necessary, however.

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- Insert the tube into the chosen nostril

- Check the back of the throat

- Stop once you reach the measured mark

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- Inject air into the tube
- Aspirate from the tube
- Secure the tube
- Check the patient's level of comfort
- Confirm the placement with an x-ray
- Use the NG tube as needed