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Influenza was a worldwide problem during World War One.  This disease killed 20 million people worldwide. Influenza killed 8.5 million soldiers and left 21 million people wounded and starving. During World War Two Poland, Britain, and other countries were left completely destroyed. They had no water, no electricity, and very little food. Europe's countryside was damaged and agriculture had been completely destroyed. Transportation was destroyed and thousands died as famine and disease spread. Genocide was a big issue in both World War One and Two. Whole villages were deported with men tightly bound in rope and chains  and 4/5 of the people being women and children. People suffered from maltreatment as they were whipped and put to build death chambers.  Workers were murdered everyday and morale greatly suffered.

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The Treaty of Versailles punished Germany. It made them lose territory and placed severe restrictions on its military. It also placed sole responsibility on it which made it have to pay reparations for the war which made feelings of bitterness and betrayal which set the stage for WW2
The UN stands for the United Nations and is an international organization of many different countries. Its ideals of rights is that everyone is born equal and free in dignity and rights, everyone has the right to life, liberty, and security of person.
The US idea of punishing specific criminals shined in the Nuremberg trials where many different Nazi leaders were charged with war crimes and either sentenced to life in prison or death. The US also sought to aid different European countries in rebuilding.

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WW2 Europe
Axis Powers: Italy, Austria, Germany, Manchuria, Burma, Thailand,
Allied Powers: United Kingdom, Egypt, 50% of Soviet Union, Australia, India, China, Mongolia

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Militarism - The policy of glorifying military power and keeping an army prepared for war.
Ex: In the early 20th century, the nations of Europe believed that in order to be truly great, they needed a powerful army. In 1914, all of the nations of Europe (except Britain) had large outstanding armies and stressed the importance of being able to quickly mobilize and organize.
Alliance -  a formal agreement or treaty between two or more nations to cooperate for specific purposes . The upside of an alliance is being able to work with other countries and making it easier to achieve a goal. The downside is that it could sometimes, in this case, push each other more into war
Imperialism -  a policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force.
Ex: The nations of Europe competed fiercely for colonies in Africa and Asia and this pushed the nations into war.
Nationalism -  A deep devotion to one's country.
Ex: The nations of Europe competed for many things such as materials and marketing in order to overthrow each other. By the 20th century, this caused a deep rivalry among Europe's Great Powers.

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WW1 Europe
Central Powers: Germany, Austria- Hungary, Ottoman Empire
The Allies: France,  Serbia, Russia, United Kingdom
Neutral Nations: Spain, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, Italy, Greece, Romania, Bulgaria, Denmark

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Trench Warfare- Armies in the western front dug miles of trenches for cover parallel from their enemy. There, they would shoot the enemy from the trenches. However, when officers ordered an attack, the men would run out of the trenches and into "no mans land" where they would be mowed down by enemy machine gun fire or artillery.  Germany introduced poison gas but was used in both sides of the fight. This would cause blindness, blisters, and death by choking. The British introduced the first tank, which were not reliable as they would most of the times not even move. Another thing the Germans introduced were submarines which would fire torpedoes to other ships.

Blitzkrieg warfare- After a soviet dictator signed a non aggression pact with Hitler, Hitler proceeded to conquer Poland. On September 1,1939, Hitler send German tanks and troop trucks across the Polish border. In Poland's capital, Warsaw, Germany continued their aircraft and artillery to bomb it. Hitler annexed the western half of Poland. which was Germany's newest military strategy, the Blitzkrieg, which involved using fast-moving airplanes and tanks, soon followed by massive infantry forces, which overwhelmed them. Because of Poland's invasion, Germany's strategy worked. Hiram Maxim introduced a atomic machine gun; firing hundreds of rounds per minute.

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The assassination of Archduke Ferdinard, had helped caused war, due to the fact the the assassin had been Gavrilo Princip, who was from Serbia and was Serbian. Initially an excuse made in order to punish Serbia for the killing of Ferdinand.
Germany's invasion on Poland, had sparked war, since it was Hitler who launched the surprise attack on Poland, causing both Great Britain and France to declare war.
Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor sparked war, from the deaths that the Japanese caused. Especially since Japan was undergoing a oil shortage, and the Americans were capable of translating and decoding the Japanese messages, though many had recalled the one. Meaning that the Japanese attacked the United States for payback in not helping them benefit, and the fact that they were with Germany.

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Consequences of the Wars: Total War on the Home front

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Consequences of the Wars: Total War on the Home front

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"Total War" - In the surge of war, countries, usually in active roles, devoted all of their resources into the war effort. During the conflict, the countries' governments seized control of the national economy. Factories could produce whatever was needed for the troops. Few resources were spent into domestic use, so rationing was widespread for citizens in order to give more to the military, countries fully immersed had the severest kind. Propaganda created prejudice against peoples of certain race or nationality.
Factors for Victory - Because of state controlled economies, unemployment levels dropped almost drastically, giving a higher sense of moral at home. Regular citizens became the industrial power to produce weapons, food, and equipment for the men fighting in the war (central planning). Local communities or civilians saved up scrap resources to donate, made gardens to sustain agriculture, and gave healthcare to soldiers coming back or injured civilians. Propaganda gave civilians one-sided information on the war to persuade higher support and suppress anti-war feelings.
Changes in Women - Women took over industrial and some administrative jobs after men left the homeland for war. This permanently changed the perspective of what women are capable of. Many women in the front line witness the horrors of war firsthand.