# data[].attributes.body
This is a good site as it gives an overview, history and personal insight on why people modify car

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Modifying cars has a long history, it actually started no long after the car was invented. Back then the mod's were mainly to improve them and see what they could change to make them faster, safer and cheaper to produce. Then as the years went by this changed to modifying them for other purposes, most notoriously in America for Moonshine Runners and Bank Robbers. These cars we put through there paces and made to outrun any police they may come across and the purpose was purely for speed and agility with the moonshiners making some alterations to withstand harder terrains due to using their own made routes.

From this it has changed over the years from Racecars to lowriders, there is now 1000's of different genre's of modifying and it has just got bigger and bigger with no sight of it ever slowing down. Here in the UK the modifying "scene" has always been strong, with the early day's consisting of a lot of engine modifications and customisation for the sole purpose of Street Racing. Street Racing was very popular back when the Ford Escort mk1 and mk2 were dominant as they were very fun and easy cars to work on with massive potential for modifying.

Speed has now took a step back slightly for the majority of the modifying community with most going for cosmetic changes with some small engine mods. most of the modern stuff, especially in the UK & Europe, is based on how a car looks with the "euro" smooth and low looking being the current favourite amoungst enthusiasts, where as the 90's was all about big body kits, neons and big rims.

For most people modifying a car is a hobby, which turns into a passion, which turns into a obsession. They start with small little things to improve the looks and it snowballs from there with some people spending over £40,000 in modifications. Some people see it as a waste but enthusiasts will argue that its better than spending it on drugs and prostitutes and it keeps us out of trouble (mainly) as we are always working on the next thing. This brings me to my next point, no ones project is ever "finished" not matter how complete it looks, this is due to our obsession with having to change everything and keep it all fresh.

To me, modifying has turned into an obsession and I just cant help but mess with cars. I have a massive passion for cars in general but then modifying them makes them better to me, this is because its more personal to the owner. Modifications can be done to anyone's taste so as long as you love your own creation is doesn't matter what anyone else thinks, and this is why I love it, no 2 cars as never the same. All my cars are modified for the passion and no purpose at all, I just love taking the car I like and changing it into something I love and am happy to say I had the vision to make it how it is.

For me it all started from the day I got my driving licence and first car, Fiat Punto mk2 1.2 8V Active Sport, and from then I have spent £1,000's and not looked back. When I got the car i thought it was the best thing since sliced bread (like any 17 year old and their 1st car) and drove it everywhere, then came the wheel changes, stickers and subs. I must admit I made the car look like a mess to start with thinking it was cool, but I was sooo wrong but I got my act together and changed it. It had a full change from ever panel being smoothed to having a turbo conversion on the little 1.2 and pushing just over 160bhp. I have a particular issue with collecting and changing wheels with 14 sets being bought and sold over a 3 year period for 1 car.

My Fiat Punto 1.2 8v Turbo running Braid 3 Piece Split Wheels

I have since kept my first car, the Punto above, but had second cars to try and be more "practical" which always failed as I modified those aswell. My fourth car was a 1.8 HGT Fiat Punto which was modified for track/handling use and was something totally new to me, buying the car mainly done i just changed minor bits and found out how fun speed could actually be in a perfectly set up car. From this I went to a BMW E36 328i which I again went slightly different route with very small but subtle mods but then dropping it as low as possible on some super wide deep dish ACT Wheels (17x11j rears) and have now got the itch for power so I will be doing a 1UZ-FE V8 conversion in it next year.

As you can see above I have been doing it for several years and it is purely for passion and obsession. I am even obsessed and going on rants while writing about it as I can't help it, I have a huge passion for doing it and the "scene" in general. I work with people in all the genre's, from Drifters to Dubbers, and have to say nearly everyone is doing it because it has become a bug, a disease, that they just can't shake and it makes us all want to do more and more. I am very lucky to work with the variety of people I do as it really opens up how different each area is and why they are attracted to the particular cars or Motorsport.

Within Motorsport there seems to be more and more enthusiast groups that then come together produce series and championships, I think this is shown within Drifting as this is now one of the most Up and Coming Motorsports there is. And this all started with modifying a car to make it better at taking corners sideways, welding a diff, wider wheels & camber is where it all started for most. It has now turned out some of the best looking cars around the world and is providing innovation though the whole "scene". Over the past few years I have seen drifting grow and influence more and more trends, with big over fenders being the current most popular with some nice engine transplants.

My question to you is, why do you modify cars? Is it for the purpose of racing or the passion of making a car fully personal to you? Be sure to share you photos, experiences and views of the whole "scene" from around the Globe

Photos & Words By Mathew Bedworth

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Modifying Cars, Why do you do it? | DriveTribe

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Modifying cars has a long history, it actually started no long after the car was invented. Back then the mod's were mainly to improve them and see what they could change to make them faster, safer and cheaper to produce.

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We tried talking sense by mentioning why one shouldn't modify his/her car in our previous post. But it's heart over head again, and thus we look at five vital points why a customised car makes more sense than a stock one.

Playing it safe is one thing, but it also has to be kept in mind that cars in their factory condition aren't perfect. If you're trying to improve an aspect or two by introducing new components, it's not essentially a bad thing. It can be anything from aesthetics (a wider bodykit) to a mechanical upgrade like the inclusion of a limited slip differential.

Aesthetics

Cars are made to cater to a wide audience, hence they need to have a universal appeal. But that also limits the car's ability to look good. While design is a very personal thing, there are a lot of ways that a car's design can be improved but the manufacturer's refrain from doing so. Adding a body kit, new wheels, or even doing a makeover will not just make the vehicle unique, it also gives you the ability to make it the way you want to. Almost.

Improved performance

You can never have enough of your car's performance - add some and you'll want more. Like design, a car's performance has to be tuned in such a way that it's driveable, and returns decent fuel economy. Now, this is what car makers do. But what happens when you want more performance than mileage? Well, you can tweak the ECU, add better components, and even remove excess body weight from the car to boost performance. There's a lot you can do to make your car faster.
Also read: Five beautifully modified Renault Dusters
Specialised purposes

[Image courtesy ZigWheels]

An unmodified has limited abilities, but if you're looking at using it for specialised purposes, it has to be modified. Take trackdays for instance. It might be able to go around a racetrack at a decent pace, but if you want to improve the experience, you'll need to move away from what the company has fitted in the car. New tyres, suspension upgrades, engine upgrades... it's a long list. The same holds true for off-roading, too.
Also read: Five extreme builds from the Indian Rain Forest Challenge (RFC)
Restomods

Looking at cars as a way to invest and expect bigger returns might be harmful to car culture, but restomods aren't. 'Restomod' is basically the restoration of a car but simultaneous modification too. This way, not only an old car is saved but it's also made better than before. So, if you happen to own an old car and intend to use it as an everyday mode of transport, restomod is the best way to go.

Longer life

Well, upgrades can increase the life of a car (and on the flip side, decrease it, too), but as far as emotional connect goes, tasteful mods mean that you retain the car for longer. Firstly, because you are aware of the time and effort that went in making the example, and secondly, you have an almost bespoke car.

In addition the tuners' community not only helps members get more out of their cars, and the close-knit groups are undoubtedly better places to hang out, both online and offline.

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We tried talking sense by mentioning why one shouldn't modify his/her car in our previous post. But it's heart over head again, and thus we look at five vital points why a customised car makes more sense than a stock one.

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What are your thoughts on this website?

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Modifying cars has a long history, it actually started no long after the car was invented. Back then the mod's were mainly to improve them and see what they could change to make them faster, safer and cheaper to produce. Then as the years went by this changed to modifying them for other purposes, most notoriously in America for Moonshine Runners and Bank Robbers. These cars we put through there paces and made to outrun any police they may come across and the purpose was purely for speed and agility with the moonshiners making some alterations to withstand harder terrains due to using their own made routes.

From this it has changed over the years from Racecars to lowriders, there is now 1000's of different genre's of modifying and it has just got bigger and bigger with no sight of it ever slowing down. Here in the UK the modifying "scene" has always been strong, with the early day's consisting of a lot of engine modifications and customisation for the sole purpose of Street Racing. Street Racing was very popular back when the Ford Escort mk1 and mk2 were dominant as they were very fun and easy cars to work on with massive potential for modifying.

Speed has now took a step back slightly for the majority of the modifying community with most going for cosmetic changes with some small engine mods. most of the modern stuff, especially in the UK & Europe, is based on how a car looks with the "euro" smooth and low looking being the current favourite amoungst enthusiasts, where as the 90's was all about big body kits, neons and big rims.

For most people modifying a car is a hobby, which turns into a passion, which turns into a obsession. They start with small little things to improve the looks and it snowballs from there with some people spending over £40,000 in modifications. Some people see it as a waste but enthusiasts will argue that its better than spending it on drugs and prostitutes and it keeps us out of trouble (mainly) as we are always working on the next thing. This brings me to my next point, no ones project is ever "finished" not matter how complete it looks, this is due to our obsession with having to change everything and keep it all fresh.

To me, modifying has turned into an obsession and I just cant help but mess with cars. I have a massive passion for cars in general but then modifying them makes them better to me, this is because its more personal to the owner. Modifications can be done to anyone's taste so as long as you love your own creation is doesn't matter what anyone else thinks, and this is why I love it, no 2 cars as never the same. All my cars are modified for the passion and no purpose at all, I just love taking the car I like and changing it into something I love and am happy to say I had the vision to make it how it is.

For me it all started from the day I got my driving licence and first car, Fiat Punto mk2 1.2 8V Active Sport, and from then I have spent £1,000's and not looked back. When I got the car i thought it was the best thing since sliced bread (like any 17 year old and their 1st car) and drove it everywhere, then came the wheel changes, stickers and subs. I must admit I made the car look like a mess to start with thinking it was cool, but I was sooo wrong but I got my act together and changed it. It had a full change from ever panel being smoothed to having a turbo conversion on the little 1.2 and pushing just over 160bhp. I have a particular issue with collecting and changing wheels with 14 sets being bought and sold over a 3 year period for 1 car.

My Fiat Punto 1.2 8v Turbo running Braid 3 Piece Split Wheels

I have since kept my first car, the Punto above, but had second cars to try and be more "practical" which always failed as I modified those aswell. My fourth car was a 1.8 HGT Fiat Punto which was modified for track/handling use and was something totally new to me, buying the car mainly done i just changed minor bits and found out how fun speed could actually be in a perfectly set up car. From this I went to a BMW E36 328i which I again went slightly different route with very small but subtle mods but then dropping it as low as possible on some super wide deep dish ACT Wheels (17x11j rears) and have now got the itch for power so I will be doing a 1UZ-FE V8 conversion in it next year.

As you can see above I have been doing it for several years and it is purely for passion and obsession. I am even obsessed and going on rants while writing about it as I can't help it, I have a huge passion for doing it and the "scene" in general. I work with people in all the genre's, from Drifters to Dubbers, and have to say nearly everyone is doing it because it has become a bug, a disease, that they just can't shake and it makes us all want to do more and more. I am very lucky to work with the variety of people I do as it really opens up how different each area is and why they are attracted to the particular cars or Motorsport.

Within Motorsport there seems to be more and more enthusiast groups that then come together produce series and championships, I think this is shown within Drifting as this is now one of the most Up and Coming Motorsports there is. And this all started with modifying a car to make it better at taking corners sideways, welding a diff, wider wheels & camber is where it all started for most. It has now turned out some of the best looking cars around the world and is providing innovation though the whole "scene". Over the past few years I have seen drifting grow and influence more and more trends, with big over fenders being the current most popular with some nice engine transplants.

My question to you is, why do you modify cars? Is it for the purpose of racing or the passion of making a car fully personal to you? Be sure to share you photos, experiences and views of the whole "scene" from around the Globe

Photos & Words By Mathew Bedworth

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Modifying Cars, Why do you do it? | DriveTribe

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Modifying cars has a long history, it actually started no long after the car was invented. Back then the mod's were mainly to improve them and see what they could change to make them faster, safer and cheaper to produce.

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This website was quite useful

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This link is good

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Jordan Clarke , founder of SlammedUK, an automotive lifestyle brand and organiser of one of Europe's premier automotive events The Gravity Show, spends most of his time around the coolest and most innovative car modifications. In 2018 alone, he travelled to around 20 different automotive shows across Europe. During this time, Jordan noticed growing trends in the car mod community. Here, he discusses the popular modifications he observed last season and predicts the top trends for 2019.

2. Personalised Plates

3. Polished Wheels

4. Classic Cars

2. Classic Cars

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These are trends that are taking the car modification world by storm

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Jordan Clarke , founder of SlammedUK, an automotive lifestyle brand and organiser of one of Europe's premier automotive events The Gravity Show, spends most of his time around the coolest and most innovative car modifications. In 2018 alone, he travelled to around 20 different automotive shows across Europe.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Modifying cars has a long history, it actually started no long after the car was invented. Back then the mod's were mainly to improve them and see what they could change to make them faster, safer and cheaper to produce. Then as the years went by this changed to modifying them for other purposes, most notoriously in America for Moonshine Runners and Bank Robbers. These cars we put through there paces and made to outrun any police they may come across and the purpose was purely for speed and agility with the moonshiners making some alterations to withstand harder terrains due to using their own made routes.

From this it has changed over the years from Racecars to lowriders, there is now 1000's of different genre's of modifying and it has just got bigger and bigger with no sight of it ever slowing down. Here in the UK the modifying "scene" has always been strong, with the early day's consisting of a lot of engine modifications and customisation for the sole purpose of Street Racing. Street Racing was very popular back when the Ford Escort mk1 and mk2 were dominant as they were very fun and easy cars to work on with massive potential for modifying.

Speed has now took a step back slightly for the majority of the modifying community with most going for cosmetic changes with some small engine mods. most of the modern stuff, especially in the UK & Europe, is based on how a car looks with the "euro" smooth and low looking being the current favourite amoungst enthusiasts, where as the 90's was all about big body kits, neons and big rims.

For most people modifying a car is a hobby, which turns into a passion, which turns into a obsession. They start with small little things to improve the looks and it snowballs from there with some people spending over £40,000 in modifications. Some people see it as a waste but enthusiasts will argue that its better than spending it on drugs and prostitutes and it keeps us out of trouble (mainly) as we are always working on the next thing. This brings me to my next point, no ones project is ever "finished" not matter how complete it looks, this is due to our obsession with having to change everything and keep it all fresh.

To me, modifying has turned into an obsession and I just cant help but mess with cars. I have a massive passion for cars in general but then modifying them makes them better to me, this is because its more personal to the owner. Modifications can be done to anyone's taste so as long as you love your own creation is doesn't matter what anyone else thinks, and this is why I love it, no 2 cars as never the same. All my cars are modified for the passion and no purpose at all, I just love taking the car I like and changing it into something I love and am happy to say I had the vision to make it how it is.

For me it all started from the day I got my driving licence and first car, Fiat Punto mk2 1.2 8V Active Sport, and from then I have spent £1,000's and not looked back. When I got the car i thought it was the best thing since sliced bread (like any 17 year old and their 1st car) and drove it everywhere, then came the wheel changes, stickers and subs. I must admit I made the car look like a mess to start with thinking it was cool, but I was sooo wrong but I got my act together and changed it. It had a full change from ever panel being smoothed to having a turbo conversion on the little 1.2 and pushing just over 160bhp. I have a particular issue with collecting and changing wheels with 14 sets being bought and sold over a 3 year period for 1 car.

My Fiat Punto 1.2 8v Turbo running Braid 3 Piece Split Wheels

I have since kept my first car, the Punto above, but had second cars to try and be more "practical" which always failed as I modified those aswell. My fourth car was a 1.8 HGT Fiat Punto which was modified for track/handling use and was something totally new to me, buying the car mainly done i just changed minor bits and found out how fun speed could actually be in a perfectly set up car. From this I went to a BMW E36 328i which I again went slightly different route with very small but subtle mods but then dropping it as low as possible on some super wide deep dish ACT Wheels (17x11j rears) and have now got the itch for power so I will be doing a 1UZ-FE V8 conversion in it next year.

As you can see above I have been doing it for several years and it is purely for passion and obsession. I am even obsessed and going on rants while writing about it as I can't help it, I have a huge passion for doing it and the "scene" in general. I work with people in all the genre's, from Drifters to Dubbers, and have to say nearly everyone is doing it because it has become a bug, a disease, that they just can't shake and it makes us all want to do more and more. I am very lucky to work with the variety of people I do as it really opens up how different each area is and why they are attracted to the particular cars or Motorsport.

Within Motorsport there seems to be more and more enthusiast groups that then come together produce series and championships, I think this is shown within Drifting as this is now one of the most Up and Coming Motorsports there is. And this all started with modifying a car to make it better at taking corners sideways, welding a diff, wider wheels & camber is where it all started for most. It has now turned out some of the best looking cars around the world and is providing innovation though the whole "scene". Over the past few years I have seen drifting grow and influence more and more trends, with big over fenders being the current most popular with some nice engine transplants.

My question to you is, why do you modify cars? Is it for the purpose of racing or the passion of making a car fully personal to you? Be sure to share you photos, experiences and views of the whole "scene" from around the Globe

Photos & Words By Mathew Bedworth

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Modifying Cars, Why do you do it? | DriveTribe

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Modifying cars has a long history, it actually started no long after the car was invented. Back then the mod's were mainly to improve them and see what they could change to make them faster, safer and cheaper to produce.

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This is information from the RAC which is a reputable company and provides information on the law and whats legal and consequences.

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Tinted windows

Tinted windows are legal as long as they meet certain criteria - drivers could be breaking the law if they go too dark or tint the wrong windows.

There are no restrictions when it comes to tinting rear side windows and the rear windscreen, but limits apply to tinting the front side windows and front windscreen.

By law, the front windows have to let a minimum of 70% light through, and a minimum of 75% through the windscreen. This is to ensure visibility isn't obscured.

Motorists who fail to comply with these rules could be served with a prohibition notice, meaning they won't be able to use their car until the tints have been removed. In extreme cases, a penalty notice or even a court summons could be issued.

Huge spoilers

The main appeal of spoilers is to give a car a sportier appearance and provide better handling when travelling at high speed.

A spoiler must be securely fitted to the bodywork to make sure it won't detach when being driven. It shouldn't have any dangerously sharp edges or obstruct the driver's view.

Neon lights

Ever mistaken blue lights on a modified car for an emergency vehicle? Neon lights can be a nuisance, and they're almost exclusively illegal when fitted on regular cars.

The law states that only white lights can be fitted to the headlights at the front and red lights to the back of the car. Any other colour is not allowed. Tinting of these lights is also not permitted as it reduces the amount of light emitted.

Flashing lights are only allowed on emergency or recovery vehicles, while green lights can only be fitted to medical practitioners' vehicles.

Neon lights can be fitted underneath a car, although the tubing must not be on show as this is also illegal.
READ MORE: 13 driving myths uncovered
Subwoofers

Playing music too loudly from a car stereo can lead to drivers receiving a warning from the police. If they ignore the warning, they may have their vehicle seized or audio equipment confiscated.

So if you're plagued by motorists tearing around your neighbourhood with their stereo blasting out, you can make a formal complaint. The law states that the police can seize a vehicle that is causing "alarm, distress or annoyance" to members of the public.

Lowering car suspension

Lowered cars are not necessarily breaking the law, but they may attract the attention of the police.

A car can be lowered but it must not interfere with the steering or affect the height of the headlights. Suspension mods should always be carried out by a competent mechanic and components should never be cut and welded together as this can make the car dangerous to drive.

Also, a lowered car may struggle to get over speed bumps, which could result in serious damage to the underside of the vehicle.

How do modifications affect car insurance?

Most modifications that change the look and performance of a vehicle will increase the cost of cover.

Those considered a higher accident risk include engine changes, sports seats, body-kits and spoilers.

Some modifications, such as phone kits and DVD players, increase the chance that a vehicle is broken into or stolen.

However, some modifications can reduce premiums. Changes that improve the security of your vehicle, such as immobilisers, could bring down the cost of car insurance.

Parking sensors could also lower your premium as they mean you're less likely to have a prang when reversing, while fitting a tow bar signals to insurers that you're more likely to drive at a moderate pace as you'll sometimes be hooked up to a caravan or trailer.

You must always tell your insurance provider if you've modified your vehicle in any way. If you don't, your insurance could be invalid, and you could be unable to make a claim.
Want to protect yourself against any losses after an accident? Get legal expenses insurance for just £15 a year with RAC Legal Care Plus. READ NEXT: Driving without shoes - is it illegal?

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Car modifications - are they legal? | RAC Drive

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A car modification is a change made to a vehicle that enhances it. But when does a modification become illegal? Our essential guide explains all.

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really good

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Tinted windows

Tinted windows are legal as long as they meet certain criteria - drivers could be breaking the law if they go too dark or tint the wrong windows.

There are no restrictions when it comes to tinting rear side windows and the rear windscreen, but limits apply to tinting the front side windows and front windscreen.

By law, the front windows have to let a minimum of 70% light through, and a minimum of 75% through the windscreen. This is to ensure visibility isn't obscured.

Motorists who fail to comply with these rules could be served with a prohibition notice, meaning they won't be able to use their car until the tints have been removed. In extreme cases, a penalty notice or even a court summons could be issued.

Huge spoilers

The main appeal of spoilers is to give a car a sportier appearance and provide better handling when travelling at high speed.

A spoiler must be securely fitted to the bodywork to make sure it won't detach when being driven. It shouldn't have any dangerously sharp edges or obstruct the driver's view.

Neon lights

Ever mistaken blue lights on a modified car for an emergency vehicle? Neon lights can be a nuisance, and they're almost exclusively illegal when fitted on regular cars.

The law states that only white lights can be fitted to the headlights at the front and red lights to the back of the car. Any other colour is not allowed. Tinting of these lights is also not permitted as it reduces the amount of light emitted.

Flashing lights are only allowed on emergency or recovery vehicles, while green lights can only be fitted to medical practitioners' vehicles.

Neon lights can be fitted underneath a car, although the tubing must not be on show as this is also illegal.
READ MORE: 13 driving myths uncovered
Subwoofers

Playing music too loudly from a car stereo can lead to drivers receiving a warning from the police. If they ignore the warning, they may have their vehicle seized or audio equipment confiscated.

So if you're plagued by motorists tearing around your neighbourhood with their stereo blasting out, you can make a formal complaint. The law states that the police can seize a vehicle that is causing "alarm, distress or annoyance" to members of the public.

Lowering car suspension

Lowered cars are not necessarily breaking the law, but they may attract the attention of the police.

A car can be lowered but it must not interfere with the steering or affect the height of the headlights. Suspension mods should always be carried out by a competent mechanic and components should never be cut and welded together as this can make the car dangerous to drive.

Also, a lowered car may struggle to get over speed bumps, which could result in serious damage to the underside of the vehicle.

How do modifications affect car insurance?

Most modifications that change the look and performance of a vehicle will increase the cost of cover.

Those considered a higher accident risk include engine changes, sports seats, body-kits and spoilers.

Some modifications, such as phone kits and DVD players, increase the chance that a vehicle is broken into or stolen.

However, some modifications can reduce premiums. Changes that improve the security of your vehicle, such as immobilisers, could bring down the cost of car insurance.

Parking sensors could also lower your premium as they mean you're less likely to have a prang when reversing, while fitting a tow bar signals to insurers that you're more likely to drive at a moderate pace as you'll sometimes be hooked up to a caravan or trailer.

You must always tell your insurance provider if you've modified your vehicle in any way. If you don't, your insurance could be invalid, and you could be unable to make a claim.
Want to protect yourself against any losses after an accident? Get legal expenses insurance for just £15 a year with RAC Legal Care Plus. READ NEXT: Driving without shoes - is it illegal?

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Car modifications - are they legal? | RAC Drive

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A car modification is a change made to a vehicle that enhances it. But when does a modification become illegal? Our essential guide explains all.

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This is quite a basic website

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worth

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There are a myriad ways to alter the appearance and performance of your car, but some of these modifications could affect your vehicle's safety and handling. In order that particular safety standards are met, the UK has in place various laws to ensure modifications do not put the lives of drivers or passengers at risk.

Here we look at some of the key aspects of the law in relation to car modifications.

A number of high performance exhaust system upgrades are available which are effective at increasing your engine's performance. It is important to recognise, however, that most big-bore exhausts are not legal on UK roads due to excessive noise and emissions. Keep exhaust silencers in place if you do upgrade your exhaust.

Costs: Most exhaust systems range between £500 and £1000, but can cost more.

Among the most common brake modifications are larger brake callipers, along with the fitting of a variety of vented, drilled or grooved brake discs. In order to ensure the suitability of any new brakes, it's advisable to seek assistance from a professional engineer and obtain advice from the car manufacturer or certified suppliers. Upgrading or modifying your braking system should not mean you begin braking later or start taking corners at higher speeds, since both may imperil you and your passengers.

Costs: The price of big brake kits vary greatly, depending on your car. They can range from several hundred pounds to several thousand.

Improved handling and a sportier appearance are the two main attractions of adding spoilers to a car. Any spoiler must be securely fitted and not have any dangerously sharp edges; it must also not obstruct your view.

Costs: How much you pay for a spoiler depends on its size and which model it is intended for; a small one may cost as little as £100, with prices for more elaborate ones easily surpassing £1000.

Personalised number plates are increasingly popular in Britain, but if you change your registration you must bear in mind that:

Number plates must be clear of any obstruction and must not mislead other drivers and road users.

Legislation regarding letter/digit size, font, characters, spacing and format must be adhered to.

Front plates must be reflective white; rear plates reflective yellow.

£100 Fixed Penalty Notice may be issued to those who fail to comply.

Costs: The DVLA offer personalised number plates starting at £399. Search for available plates here: http://dvlaregistrations.direct.gov.uk/

Thinking of placing neon lights under your car? If so, you need to ensure the tubing is not on show in order to comply with the law. Lights must not be too bright, since they might distract other road users. Adding an on/off switch is prudent so they can be turned off easily in inappropriate situations.

Costs: there are a vast range of LED lights available, with prices starting at a few pounds for small light set ups.

Any upgraded/modified head lamps or fog lights must be white or yellow at the front and red at the rear - no other colour is allowed.

Only emergency services are permitted to use blue lights.

More information on legislation regarding vehicle lights: http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1989/1796/regulation/11/made

The law permits tinted windows only within certain parameters: rear side windows and rear windscreen can be tinted without restriction, but the windscreen and front side windows must allow light transmission of 75% and 70% respectively. Failure to comply with these rules could mean you are served with a Prohibition Notice, meaning you cannot use your car until the windows meet regulations. A penalty notice or even a court summons are also possibilities if you are caught.

Costs: prices can range from £100 to well over £1000, depending on how many windows are being tinted and which tinting system is being used.

It is best only to fit wheels that your car's manufacturer has recommended or approved, since changing your wheels can greatly affect handling.

Costs: Prices vary but sets are available for under £200.

Ensure there is ample space between any new tyres and the arches, taking into account suspension movement. This will also ensure the tyres are unaffected when the steering is in full lock.

Costs: Again, costs vary hugely, with budget options starting under £40 per tyre, rising to hundreds for high performance options.

Whether modified by you or a previous owner, you must tell your insurer about any and all modifications. If you do not, any future claim may be repudiated - and your insurance policy could be invalidated.

While fun and rewarding to you, your car modifications may not be to the taste of others. Someone somewhere may appreciate that ear-piercing exhaust or those funky aftermarket wheels, but it may take longer for them to find your car when the time comes to sell.

In the meantime, you may find yourself dropping the asking price if you need to make a sale quickly. When it comes to cars, 'normal' and 'innocuous' are the watchwords for a speedy deal.

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Guide to car modification law in UK - see which modifications are illegal

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There are a myriad ways to alter the appearance and performance of your car, but some of these modifications could affect your vehicle's safety and handling. In order that particular safety standards are met, the UK has in place various laws to ensure modifications do not put the lives of drivers or passengers at risk.

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This website was helpful, gives you the different modifications and the legal information

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Tinted windows

Tinted windows are legal as long as they meet certain criteria - drivers could be breaking the law if they go too dark or tint the wrong windows.

There are no restrictions when it comes to tinting rear side windows and the rear windscreen, but limits apply to tinting the front side windows and front windscreen.

By law, the front windows have to let a minimum of 70% light through, and a minimum of 75% through the windscreen. This is to ensure visibility isn't obscured.

Motorists who fail to comply with these rules could be served with a prohibition notice, meaning they won't be able to use their car until the tints have been removed. In extreme cases, a penalty notice or even a court summons could be issued.

Huge spoilers

The main appeal of spoilers is to give a car a sportier appearance and provide better handling when travelling at high speed.

A spoiler must be securely fitted to the bodywork to make sure it won't detach when being driven. It shouldn't have any dangerously sharp edges or obstruct the driver's view.

Neon lights

Ever mistaken blue lights on a modified car for an emergency vehicle? Neon lights can be a nuisance, and they're almost exclusively illegal when fitted on regular cars.

The law states that only white lights can be fitted to the headlights at the front and red lights to the back of the car. Any other colour is not allowed. Tinting of these lights is also not permitted as it reduces the amount of light emitted.

Flashing lights are only allowed on emergency or recovery vehicles, while green lights can only be fitted to medical practitioners' vehicles.

Neon lights can be fitted underneath a car, although the tubing must not be on show as this is also illegal.
READ MORE: 13 driving myths uncovered
Subwoofers

Playing music too loudly from a car stereo can lead to drivers receiving a warning from the police. If they ignore the warning, they may have their vehicle seized or audio equipment confiscated.

So if you're plagued by motorists tearing around your neighbourhood with their stereo blasting out, you can make a formal complaint. The law states that the police can seize a vehicle that is causing "alarm, distress or annoyance" to members of the public.

Lowering car suspension

Lowered cars are not necessarily breaking the law, but they may attract the attention of the police.

A car can be lowered but it must not interfere with the steering or affect the height of the headlights. Suspension mods should always be carried out by a competent mechanic and components should never be cut and welded together as this can make the car dangerous to drive.

Also, a lowered car may struggle to get over speed bumps, which could result in serious damage to the underside of the vehicle.

How do modifications affect car insurance?

Most modifications that change the look and performance of a vehicle will increase the cost of cover.

Those considered a higher accident risk include engine changes, sports seats, body-kits and spoilers.

Some modifications, such as phone kits and DVD players, increase the chance that a vehicle is broken into or stolen.

However, some modifications can reduce premiums. Changes that improve the security of your vehicle, such as immobilisers, could bring down the cost of car insurance.

Parking sensors could also lower your premium as they mean you're less likely to have a prang when reversing, while fitting a tow bar signals to insurers that you're more likely to drive at a moderate pace as you'll sometimes be hooked up to a caravan or trailer.

You must always tell your insurance provider if you've modified your vehicle in any way. If you don't, your insurance could be invalid, and you could be unable to make a claim.
Want to protect yourself against any losses after an accident? Get legal expenses insurance for just £15 a year with RAC Legal Care Plus. READ NEXT: Driving without shoes - is it illegal?

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Car modifications - are they legal? | RAC Drive

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A car modification is a change made to a vehicle that enhances it. But when does a modification become illegal? Our essential guide explains all.

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This is a government site providing an overview on safety. However, there is not much information.

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Cars can be modified to improve performance or style. If you're considering modifying your car or you have purchased a modified car, you can find information below on modifications including in-car entertainment, lights or reflectors, suspension and brakes.

Safety first

Staying safe and legal is extremely important when modifying your car. It is essential to remember that too many modifications can affect the road handling of your car. It could also put you on the wrong side of the law and perhaps your insurance company.

In-car entertainment

Over the last few years there has been a huge increase in the amount of in-car entertainment devices that have become available for the motorist.

However, it's important to remember that as the driver of the car you still have the most important job to do - and that means you must not get distracted by in-car entertainment. Such as watching a TV screen in the rear-view mirror, or rummaging around with an MP3 player. Moving images within view of the driver are illegal whilst driving.

Lights or reflectors

Headlamps must show a largely white or yellow light. Rear position lamps must show a steady red light to the rear only. Tinting of rear reflectors which will reduce efficiency in darkness is not permitted

Wheels and tyres

Changes to wheels and tyres can significantly alter your car's behaviour on the road. Important points to consider when fitting bigger wheels and tyres is to:

make sure they are approved by the vehicle manufacturer

give adequate clearance between tyre and bodywork

Suspension

Modifications to the suspension which is the fitment of stiffer springs and lowering kits, should be only be done where the car's road handling will not be compromised. This work must be carried out by a professional engineer.

Brakes

Modifications to your car's brakes must at all times be carried out by a professional engineer. Before parting with your money, seek advice from independent suppliers and the vehicle manufacturer to make sure that the brakes you intend fitting are approved and will not involve any major change of existing mounting points.

Number plates

Number plates must:

meet with current legislation

be displayed in a prominent position

not be misleading

Exhaust system

All exhaust silencers must be maintained in a good and efficient working order. You will be breaking the law if you remove a silencer or make any change that would make that vehicle emit a noise louder than the original exhaust before it was modified.

To read more about car modifications you can download a copy of the 'Modified Cars - what you need to know' leaflet at the link below or you can contact Driver & Vehicle Agency (DVA) directly.

More useful links

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Cars can be modified to improve performance or style. If you're considering modifying your car or you have purchased a modified car, you can find information below on modifications including in-car entertainment, lights or reflectors, suspension and brakes.

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Many are unsure what to do after a car accident, so we've written this handy guide to assist should you experience one.

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This is quite informative.

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Tinted windows

Tinted windows are legal as long as they meet certain criteria - drivers could be breaking the law if they go too dark or tint the wrong windows.

There are no restrictions when it comes to tinting rear side windows and the rear windscreen, but limits apply to tinting the front side windows and front windscreen.

By law, the front windows have to let a minimum of 70% light through, and a minimum of 75% through the windscreen. This is to ensure visibility isn't obscured.

Motorists who fail to comply with these rules could be served with a prohibition notice, meaning they won't be able to use their car until the tints have been removed. In extreme cases, a penalty notice or even a court summons could be issued.

Huge spoilers

The main appeal of spoilers is to give a car a sportier appearance and provide better handling when travelling at high speed.

A spoiler must be securely fitted to the bodywork to make sure it won't detach when being driven. It shouldn't have any dangerously sharp edges or obstruct the driver's view.

Neon lights

Ever mistaken blue lights on a modified car for an emergency vehicle? Neon lights can be a nuisance, and they're almost exclusively illegal when fitted on regular cars.

The law states that only white lights can be fitted to the headlights at the front and red lights to the back of the car. Any other colour is not allowed. Tinting of these lights is also not permitted as it reduces the amount of light emitted.

Flashing lights are only allowed on emergency or recovery vehicles, while green lights can only be fitted to medical practitioners' vehicles.

Neon lights can be fitted underneath a car, although the tubing must not be on show as this is also illegal.
READ MORE: 13 driving myths uncovered
Subwoofers

Playing music too loudly from a car stereo can lead to drivers receiving a warning from the police. If they ignore the warning, they may have their vehicle seized or audio equipment confiscated.

So if you're plagued by motorists tearing around your neighbourhood with their stereo blasting out, you can make a formal complaint. The law states that the police can seize a vehicle that is causing "alarm, distress or annoyance" to members of the public.

Lowering car suspension

Lowered cars are not necessarily breaking the law, but they may attract the attention of the police.

A car can be lowered but it must not interfere with the steering or affect the height of the headlights. Suspension mods should always be carried out by a competent mechanic and components should never be cut and welded together as this can make the car dangerous to drive.

Also, a lowered car may struggle to get over speed bumps, which could result in serious damage to the underside of the vehicle.

How do modifications affect car insurance?

Most modifications that change the look and performance of a vehicle will increase the cost of cover.

Those considered a higher accident risk include engine changes, sports seats, body-kits and spoilers.

Some modifications, such as phone kits and DVD players, increase the chance that a vehicle is broken into or stolen.

However, some modifications can reduce premiums. Changes that improve the security of your vehicle, such as immobilisers, could bring down the cost of car insurance.

Parking sensors could also lower your premium as they mean you're less likely to have a prang when reversing, while fitting a tow bar signals to insurers that you're more likely to drive at a moderate pace as you'll sometimes be hooked up to a caravan or trailer.

You must always tell your insurance provider if you've modified your vehicle in any way. If you don't, your insurance could be invalid, and you could be unable to make a claim.
Want to protect yourself against any losses after an accident? Get legal expenses insurance for just £15 a year with RAC Legal Care Plus. READ NEXT: Driving without shoes - is it illegal?

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Car modifications - are they legal? | RAC Drive

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A car modification is a change made to a vehicle that enhances it. But when does a modification become illegal? Our essential guide explains all.

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Really good

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Follow these 10 guidelines to avoid invalidating your car insurance

Car insurance is a legal requirement in the UK, and all cars must have at least third party cover. It's easy to buy an affordable car insurance policy by comparing with uSwitch, but there are some requirements you must meet to make sure you're covered at all times, and especially in the case of an accident.

Tell the truth

There are many variables that affect the cost of your car insurance cover, including your age, driving experience, address and your claims and convictions history. You're legally required to disclose all of these facts to your insurer, so don't be tempted to lie in an attempt to reduce the cost of your cover.

Lying on your application (misrepresentation) is a form of insurance fraud, and will invalidate your policy so you won't be covered if you attempt to make a claim.

Don't make it easy for thieves

Most comprehensive insurance policies will cover you for theft of your vehicle or items inside it, but not if they believe your negligence has led to the theft. If you've left valuables in plain sight, such as on the passenger seat, the insurer may not pay out on your claim.

It also may sound obvious, but you should never leave your car unlocked with the keys in the ignition - something you might be tempted to do if you're just popping into a garage or leaving your car to warm up on a cold morning. Your insurance is unlikely to pay out for any loss in this case, so you could find yourself having to replace your car from your own savings.

Be honest about the named driver

Drivers in high-risk groups (young and new drivers or those with previous claims or convictions) may find insurance more expensive than most. In order to cut the cost, some lower-risk drivers may offer to 'help out' by buying an insurance policy in their name and adding the risky driver as a named driver - for example, parents declaring themselves as the main driver on a policy to be used by their children.

This practice, known as fronting, is another form of insurance fraud and is illegal. If you're found to be fronting an insurance policy your policy will be cancelled and any claims will be rejected. Many fronting cases go to court, where you could be fined up to £5,000 and receive six penalty points.

Take care

Your insurer expects you to take reasonable care of your car - accidents do happen (that's the point of insurance), but if you are reckless or negligent it's unlikely the insurer will pay out on your claim. For example, you're unlikely to be covered if you ignore warnings and drive through a flooded road.

Make sure all drivers are covered

If you're going to let someone else use your car, make sure they're fully insured. To be covered by insurance, the other driver will usually need to be added to your policy as a named driver. Alternatively, they may take out temporary cover on your car or have their own comprehensive policy with 'driving other cars' (DOC) cover. DOC is less common than it used to be and has many exclusions, such as no cover for cars under hire purchase agreements. Bear in mind that the cover is only third party too, so if there's an accident any damage to your car won't be covered.

If you're teaching a learner how to drive in your car it's best to get them added as a named driver or to take out provisional drivers' insurance separate to your policy.

Declare all modifications

Most features added to the car after manufacture are deemed as modifications, from engine upgrades to paintwork and stickers. If you fail to declare any modifications on your insurance application, your cover will not be valid.

If you add any modifications to your car after taking out your insurance policy, make sure you let your insurer know.

Only use your car for what it's covered for

When you take out an insurance policy you will be asked about your use of the car
- i.e. whether you use it for social use, business use or commuting. You should only use the car for what you've stated or you'll be breaking the terms of your insurance agreement and your cover will not be valid. You're also not permitted to make a profit from driving your car unless you state that in your application - for example as a taxi driver - so don't accept money for lifts unless the cash is solely to cover petrol costs.

Keep your insurer informed

It's your duty to inform your insurer when your circumstances have changed, as your premium may need to be adjusted. This includes when you move house, if you change careers, if the use of your car changes (for example if you start to commute), if you start to keep your car in a different place during the day or overnight, and if you start to drive considerably more.

If your circumstances change and you have not informed your insurer, your insurance may be invalidated and any claims on your policy may be rejected.

Report all accidents

With no claims discounts offering such huge reductions on yearly premiums, most people are reluctant to claim in the event of a minor incident. However, you are required to inform your insurer of an accident even if you don't wish to make a claim. If you don't, you might not be able to claim for any damage to your vehicle in the case of a more serious incident.

Stay within the mileage that you disclosed to your insurer

they know it's a rough estimation, but if you go significantly over you could have your insurance invalidated. Some insurers might only cover you on the condition you stay within a certain mileage limit. To get an idea of your mileage you can look back at your MOT certificates as they have a record of your mileage. But if you think your driving habits will change (e.g. you get a new job further away) you need to factor this in, or inform your insurer if you're in the middle of your policy.

Read more...

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Car insurance: 10 things you must do to stay legal - uSwitch

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Follow these 10 guidelines to avoid invalidating your car insurance Car insurance is a legal requirement in the UK, and all cars must have at least third party cover. It's easy to buy an affordable car insurance policy by comparing with uSwitch, but there are some requirements you must meet to make sure you're covered at all times, and especially in the case of an accident.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
There are a myriad ways to alter the appearance and performance of your car, but some of these modifications could affect your vehicle's safety and handling. In order that particular safety standards are met, the UK has in place various laws to ensure modifications do not put the lives of drivers or passengers at risk.

Here we look at some of the key aspects of the law in relation to car modifications.

A number of high performance exhaust system upgrades are available which are effective at increasing your engine's performance. It is important to recognise, however, that most big-bore exhausts are not legal on UK roads due to excessive noise and emissions. Keep exhaust silencers in place if you do upgrade your exhaust.

Costs: Most exhaust systems range between £500 and £1000, but can cost more.

Among the most common brake modifications are larger brake callipers, along with the fitting of a variety of vented, drilled or grooved brake discs. In order to ensure the suitability of any new brakes, it's advisable to seek assistance from a professional engineer and obtain advice from the car manufacturer or certified suppliers. Upgrading or modifying your braking system should not mean you begin braking later or start taking corners at higher speeds, since both may imperil you and your passengers.

Costs: The price of big brake kits vary greatly, depending on your car. They can range from several hundred pounds to several thousand.

Improved handling and a sportier appearance are the two main attractions of adding spoilers to a car. Any spoiler must be securely fitted and not have any dangerously sharp edges; it must also not obstruct your view.

Costs: How much you pay for a spoiler depends on its size and which model it is intended for; a small one may cost as little as £100, with prices for more elaborate ones easily surpassing £1000.

Personalised number plates are increasingly popular in Britain, but if you change your registration you must bear in mind that:

Number plates must be clear of any obstruction and must not mislead other drivers and road users.

Legislation regarding letter/digit size, font, characters, spacing and format must be adhered to.

Front plates must be reflective white; rear plates reflective yellow.

£100 Fixed Penalty Notice may be issued to those who fail to comply.

Costs: The DVLA offer personalised number plates starting at £399. Search for available plates here: http://dvlaregistrations.direct.gov.uk/

Thinking of placing neon lights under your car? If so, you need to ensure the tubing is not on show in order to comply with the law. Lights must not be too bright, since they might distract other road users. Adding an on/off switch is prudent so they can be turned off easily in inappropriate situations.

Costs: there are a vast range of LED lights available, with prices starting at a few pounds for small light set ups.

Any upgraded/modified head lamps or fog lights must be white or yellow at the front and red at the rear - no other colour is allowed.

Only emergency services are permitted to use blue lights.

More information on legislation regarding vehicle lights: http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1989/1796/regulation/11/made

The law permits tinted windows only within certain parameters: rear side windows and rear windscreen can be tinted without restriction, but the windscreen and front side windows must allow light transmission of 75% and 70% respectively. Failure to comply with these rules could mean you are served with a Prohibition Notice, meaning you cannot use your car until the windows meet regulations. A penalty notice or even a court summons are also possibilities if you are caught.

Costs: prices can range from £100 to well over £1000, depending on how many windows are being tinted and which tinting system is being used.

It is best only to fit wheels that your car's manufacturer has recommended or approved, since changing your wheels can greatly affect handling.

Costs: Prices vary but sets are available for under £200.

Ensure there is ample space between any new tyres and the arches, taking into account suspension movement. This will also ensure the tyres are unaffected when the steering is in full lock.

Costs: Again, costs vary hugely, with budget options starting under £40 per tyre, rising to hundreds for high performance options.

Whether modified by you or a previous owner, you must tell your insurer about any and all modifications. If you do not, any future claim may be repudiated - and your insurance policy could be invalidated.

While fun and rewarding to you, your car modifications may not be to the taste of others. Someone somewhere may appreciate that ear-piercing exhaust or those funky aftermarket wheels, but it may take longer for them to find your car when the time comes to sell.

In the meantime, you may find yourself dropping the asking price if you need to make a sale quickly. When it comes to cars, 'normal' and 'innocuous' are the watchwords for a speedy deal.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Guide to car modification law in UK - see which modifications are illegal

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
There are a myriad ways to alter the appearance and performance of your car, but some of these modifications could affect your vehicle's safety and handling. In order that particular safety standards are met, the UK has in place various laws to ensure modifications do not put the lives of drivers or passengers at risk.

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This is another RAC website

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There are a myriad ways to alter the appearance and performance of your car, but some of these modifications could affect your vehicle's safety and handling. In order that particular safety standards are met, the UK has in place various laws to ensure modifications do not put the lives of drivers or passengers at risk.

Here we look at some of the key aspects of the law in relation to car modifications.

A number of high performance exhaust system upgrades are available which are effective at increasing your engine's performance. It is important to recognise, however, that most big-bore exhausts are not legal on UK roads due to excessive noise and emissions. Keep exhaust silencers in place if you do upgrade your exhaust.

Costs: Most exhaust systems range between £500 and £1000, but can cost more.

Among the most common brake modifications are larger brake callipers, along with the fitting of a variety of vented, drilled or grooved brake discs. In order to ensure the suitability of any new brakes, it's advisable to seek assistance from a professional engineer and obtain advice from the car manufacturer or certified suppliers. Upgrading or modifying your braking system should not mean you begin braking later or start taking corners at higher speeds, since both may imperil you and your passengers.

Costs: The price of big brake kits vary greatly, depending on your car. They can range from several hundred pounds to several thousand.

Improved handling and a sportier appearance are the two main attractions of adding spoilers to a car. Any spoiler must be securely fitted and not have any dangerously sharp edges; it must also not obstruct your view.

Costs: How much you pay for a spoiler depends on its size and which model it is intended for; a small one may cost as little as £100, with prices for more elaborate ones easily surpassing £1000.

Personalised number plates are increasingly popular in Britain, but if you change your registration you must bear in mind that:

Number plates must be clear of any obstruction and must not mislead other drivers and road users.

Legislation regarding letter/digit size, font, characters, spacing and format must be adhered to.

Front plates must be reflective white; rear plates reflective yellow.

£100 Fixed Penalty Notice may be issued to those who fail to comply.

Costs: The DVLA offer personalised number plates starting at £399. Search for available plates here: http://dvlaregistrations.direct.gov.uk/

Thinking of placing neon lights under your car? If so, you need to ensure the tubing is not on show in order to comply with the law. Lights must not be too bright, since they might distract other road users. Adding an on/off switch is prudent so they can be turned off easily in inappropriate situations.

Costs: there are a vast range of LED lights available, with prices starting at a few pounds for small light set ups.

Any upgraded/modified head lamps or fog lights must be white or yellow at the front and red at the rear - no other colour is allowed.

Only emergency services are permitted to use blue lights.

More information on legislation regarding vehicle lights: http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1989/1796/regulation/11/made

The law permits tinted windows only within certain parameters: rear side windows and rear windscreen can be tinted without restriction, but the windscreen and front side windows must allow light transmission of 75% and 70% respectively. Failure to comply with these rules could mean you are served with a Prohibition Notice, meaning you cannot use your car until the windows meet regulations. A penalty notice or even a court summons are also possibilities if you are caught.

Costs: prices can range from £100 to well over £1000, depending on how many windows are being tinted and which tinting system is being used.

It is best only to fit wheels that your car's manufacturer has recommended or approved, since changing your wheels can greatly affect handling.

Costs: Prices vary but sets are available for under £200.

Ensure there is ample space between any new tyres and the arches, taking into account suspension movement. This will also ensure the tyres are unaffected when the steering is in full lock.

Costs: Again, costs vary hugely, with budget options starting under £40 per tyre, rising to hundreds for high performance options.

Whether modified by you or a previous owner, you must tell your insurer about any and all modifications. If you do not, any future claim may be repudiated - and your insurance policy could be invalidated.

While fun and rewarding to you, your car modifications may not be to the taste of others. Someone somewhere may appreciate that ear-piercing exhaust or those funky aftermarket wheels, but it may take longer for them to find your car when the time comes to sell.

In the meantime, you may find yourself dropping the asking price if you need to make a sale quickly. When it comes to cars, 'normal' and 'innocuous' are the watchwords for a speedy deal.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Guide to car modification law in UK - see which modifications are illegal

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
There are a myriad ways to alter the appearance and performance of your car, but some of these modifications could affect your vehicle's safety and handling. In order that particular safety standards are met, the UK has in place various laws to ensure modifications do not put the lives of drivers or passengers at risk.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
While many of us don't go as far as 'Pimp Your Ride' in the changes we make to our vehicles, it's still important to consider a potential downside - namely, that vehicle modifications can increase the cost of your car insurance.

In general, many of the performance and aesthetic changes made to vehicles will increase the cost of cover. Interestingly, insurers even rate specialist paint and decals as a higher risk, and 'go faster stripes' and rally numbers are cause for concern when considering the cost of cover.

On the other hand, performance and aesthetic changes such as tinted windows and alloy wheels are both more commonplace and considered low risk.

There are some functional car modifications, such as aftermarket fitted satnavs and phone kits, can also increase insurance costs because they are considered a high theft risk, whereas others can reduce premiums.

For example, parking sensors mean you are less likely to have a prang when reversing, while having a tow bar means that when hooked-up you are spending more time driving at a moderate pace.

Advice on insuring a modified car

So you've modified your car and you're looking to insure it, here are some practical tips on what to consider:

Always tell insurers about modifications made to your car, as not declaring could invalidate your policy. When you run quotes with MoneySuperMarket you'll be asked about modifications on the application screen - make sure you don't leave anything out.

If you're changing your car from the factory specification, always tell your insurer at the time you make a change. Different insurers have a different view on what constitutes a modification, so it is always best to check whether your insurance policy is impacted.

When renewing insurance for a modified car, always run a number of quotes as this could be an easy way to save money. Each insurer has a different view on risk, so comparison is a good way to find the cheapest.

Even if you're not looking to 'pimp' your ride, you may find just a slight modification is enough to push up the price of cover.

What is a car modification?

A car modification is a change made to a vehicle so that it differs from the manufacturer's original factory specification.

The changes can be made to improve performance, aesthetics, or be purely functional.

How do modifications change the price you pay for car insurance?

Insurance is based upon risk, and when quoting for cover insurers use a number of factors before arriving at a price.

Car modifications can seriously affect how insurers assess your car insurance policy in two key areas:

Risk of Accident - Modifications that change the look and performance of your vehicle are assessed by insurers to be a higher accident risk. These include engine changes, sports seats, body-kits, spoilers, etc.

Risk of Theft - Some modifications, such as phone kits or performance modifications, also increase the chance that your vehicle is broken into or stolen.

Analysing information on 2.3 million modified vehicles, our number-crunchers produced the price guide below to show the effect each type of modification has on the cost of car insurance costs.

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Do modifications affect car insurance? | MoneySuperMarket

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While many of us don't go as far as 'Pimp Your Ride' in the changes we make to our vehicles, it's still important to consider a potential downside - namely, that vehicle modifications can increase the cost of your car insurance. In general, many of the performance and aesthetic changes made to vehicles will increase the cost of cover.

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Cars can be modified to improve performance or style. If you're considering modifying your car or you have purchased a modified car, you can find information below on modifications including in-car entertainment, lights or reflectors, suspension and brakes.

Safety first

Staying safe and legal is extremely important when modifying your car. It is essential to remember that too many modifications can affect the road handling of your car. It could also put you on the wrong side of the law and perhaps your insurance company.

In-car entertainment

Over the last few years there has been a huge increase in the amount of in-car entertainment devices that have become available for the motorist.

However, it's important to remember that as the driver of the car you still have the most important job to do - and that means you must not get distracted by in-car entertainment. Such as watching a TV screen in the rear-view mirror, or rummaging around with an MP3 player. Moving images within view of the driver are illegal whilst driving.

Lights or reflectors

Headlamps must show a largely white or yellow light. Rear position lamps must show a steady red light to the rear only. Tinting of rear reflectors which will reduce efficiency in darkness is not permitted

Wheels and tyres

Changes to wheels and tyres can significantly alter your car's behaviour on the road. Important points to consider when fitting bigger wheels and tyres is to:

make sure they are approved by the vehicle manufacturer

give adequate clearance between tyre and bodywork

Suspension

Modifications to the suspension which is the fitment of stiffer springs and lowering kits, should be only be done where the car's road handling will not be compromised. This work must be carried out by a professional engineer.

Brakes

Modifications to your car's brakes must at all times be carried out by a professional engineer. Before parting with your money, seek advice from independent suppliers and the vehicle manufacturer to make sure that the brakes you intend fitting are approved and will not involve any major change of existing mounting points.

Number plates

Number plates must:

meet with current legislation

be displayed in a prominent position

not be misleading

Exhaust system

All exhaust silencers must be maintained in a good and efficient working order. You will be breaking the law if you remove a silencer or make any change that would make that vehicle emit a noise louder than the original exhaust before it was modified.

To read more about car modifications you can download a copy of the 'Modified Cars - what you need to know' leaflet at the link below or you can contact Driver & Vehicle Agency (DVA) directly.

More useful links

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Cars can be modified to improve performance or style. If you're considering modifying your car or you have purchased a modified car, you can find information below on modifications including in-car entertainment, lights or reflectors, suspension and brakes.

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table showing prices after modification

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What Modifications Affect Car Insurance?

Modifications to your car can affect your car insurance positively or negatively, depending on what you add. This table shows how much certain modifications can affect your insurance policy, based on recent figures.

The Relationship Between Car Insurance Price and Car Modifications

There are many factors that affect your car insurance. This is why, when you apply for insurance, you are asked whether your car has been modified. When an insurer sets the price of policies, all factors that affect the value of the car, or up its chances of being stolen or involved in an accident, are taken into account. The idea isn't to charge you more, it's to ensure that every aspect of your modified car is suitably covered against risk.

Car modifications can have a big impact on these factors, so it is important that you are completely honest about them with your provider. Below is a full car insurance modifications guide to better understand what needs to be declared, and what modifications do not count as a relevant change.

What Modifications Do I Need To Declare?

Car modifications tend to fall into two categories - to enhance vehicle performance or appearance. If any of these modifications have been made to your car, you need to declare them - even if you have not made them yourself. If you fail to do so, it's likely your insurance will be invalidated and your claim will be refused when you need financial protection.

When you tell your provider of any modifications made to your car, you need to be as truthful and detailed as possible so they can do an appropriate risk calculation. This means you will avoid an increase in your premium due to 'unforeseen risk'.

It's not a good idea to hide modifications, and if you do it could very likely lead to an invalidation of your insurance. There are however certain exceptions, depending on the nature of your non-disclosure. Take a look at our Modified Car Insurance and Non-Disclosure page for more information.

The following is a list of modifications that will need to be declared when you contact your insurance company:

Engine & Mechanics

Modifications to the engine or vehicle mechanics - such as the exhaust system, transmission, or air filter - must definitely be declared to your insurance provider. If you have added a turbo or supercharger to your engine, for example, it can increase the risk of accident, which will affect the cost of your premium.

Wheel Modifications

Making modifications to car wheels can significantly alter the handling of your car, whilst wheel upgrades will increase its value. Therefore, if your car has been fitted with alloy wheels or wider wheels or tyres, you need to declare this to your insurance company.

Bodywork

The following modifications can affect your car insurance costs, so make sure you tell your provider if they apply to your vehicle:

Flared wings

Wheel arches

Spoilers

Side skirts

Valances

Light additions or changes

Tinted windows

Brakes and Suspension

If your car has been fitted with uprated brakes, or the suspension has been modified, its behaviour on the road will be altered. Therefore you must let your insurance provider know of these changes.

Car Interior

Removing and replacing seats, changing the pedals and the steering wheel are all considered to be key modifications that need to be reported to your insurance provider.

Car Stickers

Many insurance companies consider stickers and decals to be a type of car modification. If you have either on your car or are thinking of applying them, check with your insurance provider first to ensure they accept these modifications as part of their policy.

How Car Colour Affects Insurance

In some cases, the colour of your car can affect your premium if the vehicle's paintwork has been modified. Changes to your vehicle's paintwork can cause a 36% rise in your insurance premiums. At Keith Michael's we specialise in modified car insurance & always look to provide the affordable cover you need no matter what colour your paintwork is. If your paintwork has not been modified the colour of your vehicle should not affect your insurance premiums.

White, silver, gold and yellow cars are deemed to be the safest.

During daylight hours, black cars were up to 12% more likely be involved in crashes than white vehicles.

Red & Blue cars are the most popular target for thieves

Choosing a specialist insurer is beneficial if your car is heavily modified. To find out more about reducing the cost of your premium for a modified vehicle, see our page on How To Keep Modified Car Insurance Costs Down.

Modifications That Will Not Negatively Affect Your Insurance

Winter tyres are another modification that won't negatively impact your insurance. Most insurers see these as a good modification as they help to improve the handling of your car in difficult driving conditions.

While these particular modifications may not increase the cost of your insurance, it is still important to declare them to your provider so they can make an accurate calculation and charge you the appropriate amount.

To find out more about declaring your modifications, read our guide to Declaring Modifications to your Car Insurance Provider.

What Modifications Void Car Insurance

Generally speaking, any modifications you make that result in you breaking the law will void your insurance. This includes:

Tinted windows that restrict more than 70% light

Under car neon lights

Illegal Wheel modifications

Sound/noise modifiers, including exhausts

If you fail to declare any modifications when you take out your cover, you may void your car insurance. If you plan to modify your car in any way during the policy term, you should keep your insurer in the loop.

Modified Car Insurance with Keith Michaels

At Keith Michaels we're specialists in providing modified car insurance, and have a number of schemes in place to ensure our customers have the most affordable cover for their customised cars. Our unique method of using dedicated points of contact and reviewing each policy by hand allows us to offer rates you won't find anywhere else. Plus, unlike other insurance providers we're very fond of car enthusiasts and are more than happy to insure vehicles with a range of modifications.

Get in touch to get a quote, or visit our Modified Car Insurance page for more information.

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A Guide to How Car Modifications Affect Insurance

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Modifications to your car can affect your car insurance positively or negatively, depending on what you add. This table shows how much certain modifications can affect your insurance policy, based on recent figures. There are many factors that affect your car insurance.

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Quite a lot of information on here.

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Manufacturers deliver vehicles which cater for the average driver and have settings that will provide the best (erring on the conservative) in terms of longevity, economy, ride comfort, performance.

That satisfies most drivers but some, quite possibly because they can't find/afford a "performance" model from the manufacturer will create their own.

They change and alter the vehicle dynamics not only to be visually appealing in their own eyes but also for what they deem to be improvements in performance.

How does this impact on road safety and would any such modifications endanger lives on the roads?

We approached a few of our colleagues with an extensive knowledge of the motoring industry in a Q&A to gain some insights on vehicle modifications and how they may impact on safe driving and our safety on the roads.

How would we best describe Modifications and Alterations? Do we look at the nature as well as the intended purpose of such modifications?

Modifications and alterations are essentially the same things when it comes to motor vehicles.

As far as the practical descriptions go, alterations would not affect performance while modifications typically would.

Simply put alterations and/or modifications can be described as bringing about changes to the original vehicle parameter standards with a view, largely of enhancing a vehicle's performance in fuel consumption, load capacity, cosmetic trim, 0 - 100km/h or top speed runs. Where these modifications/alterations do not comply with the requirements of the Road Traffic Act, they will be deemed illegal.

We could break it down into the following categories:

Visual Modifications

This would include the likes of paint jobs, chrome and aftermarket grilles, darkened lights or so-called "Angel eyes," etc. Changes that only affect aesthetics but none of the other categories.

This would typically have no direct impact on vehicle function, performance or safety.

While this is a huge industry, it is largely harmless.

Functional Modifications or Enhancements

These include "lifted suspensions," bigger wheels, tinted windows, HID Headlamps and the like.

The driver would like the vehicle to look sportier and would change the wheels & tires (bigger / wider) and lower the suspension so that it sits lower to the ground. In many instances, the driver is happy with the performance so doesn't touch the engine by increasing power.

These modifications or alterations if you will, are designed to improve the driver experience or render the vehicle more capable in a particular environment.

A good example would include off-road tires on a double-cab LDV, along with a so-called "suspension lift."

This makes the LDV more capable of handling rough terrain and might include under-belly protection like "skid-plates" or winches to facilitate the novel application.

For road cars, this might involve a change in the wheel diameter, lower profile tires, etc.

The enhancements affect the capabilities of a vehicle so they are more enhancements than mere alterations, but some are used only for aesthetic value.

Performance Enhancements

This is where things get more relevant for road safety. The driver wants more power and better handling. To achieve this the engine may be upgraded with a Turbo charger on replaced altogether and to cope with the performance the suspension is changed and may include the replacement of shock absorbers (from mild to wild) and possibly even an upgrade of the brakes to improve stopping power.

It needs to be understood that Performance entails more than mere acceleration and straight-line speed.

As far as performance enhancements go, the outcome is likely to affect:

Engine power or torque (output).

Airflow or induction pressures (turbos and superchargers).

Chemical augmentation (fuel changes like running on AvGas or Aviation Fuel or even Nitrous Oxide or NOS).

This includes everything from engine software manipulation through plug-and-play exhaust systems, etc.

The enhancements are often done with pre-existing "kits" that manufactured, created or built for each brand or model individually.

The result is faster acceleration, better cornering or improved braking.

Design Modifications

This is where the engineering types get involved and might include any, a combination of or even all the following:

Engine/wheel transfer modifications, such as differential, gearbox or gear ratio changes.

Suspension enhancements to ensure better road holding around corners, etc.

Introduction of completely new vehicle systems (any or all the above).

When design modifications are selected, the vehicle is almost completely re-designed.

Typically reserved for track application, this is a new "trend" that is more a manifestation of the financial limitations of the owner than anything else.

What are the most commonly found Modifications and Alterations on vehicles?

The most common alternations include after-market lights, larger wheels and lower profile tires and sound enhancements (audio installations). It may also include computer re-mapping, exhaust system improvements and induction improvements (turbo boost adjustments, etc).

Examples of Modifications/Alterations

Aftermarket mag wheels which have a lower profile and probably allow for wider tires.

Lowered suspension

Steering wheels - depending on whether the vehicle has airbags

Sound systems

Engine upgrades

In passenger transport vehicles such as the ubiquitous "Mini-bus Taxi", the most common alteration involves converting panel vans into passenger transport vehicles with additional seats and in minibusses, to fit additional seats to boost passenger carrying capacity.

In passenger vehicles, the most popular alterations/modifications involve boosting engine capacity, the use of illegal devices such as nitrous oxide cylinders, dropping suspensions, fitting bigger wheels, applying extremely dark tinted windows, fitment of various body panels, spoilers, diffusers, tail fins and the like as well as changing the exhaust/silencer system to emit louder sounds and not forgetting the installation of super sound systems that exceed the approved decibels levels as prescribed in the Act.

When the alterations fall outside the manufacturer's approved accessory installation and falls foul of the Act, then not only can it affect the warranty of a vehicle, but the car can be deemed illegal for use on a public road and can be "discontinued from service" necessitating restoring it to its original condition and presenting it for a re-test at an approved vehicle testing station.

Does our road legislation have any provisions with regards to vehicle modifications and alterations and with regards to what may and may not be altered?

Regrettably, not much of the Road Traffic Legislation deals with modifications and alterations. The proliferation of the kinds of enhancements and modifications seen today came into effect long after the Road Traffic Act was originally promulgated.

In some provinces, law enforcement officials have taken vehicles off the road based on their interpretation of the RTA which in "loose terms "deals with the fact the vehicle is not the way it left the factory.

The National Road Traffic Act 93 of 1996 Clause 216 (1) states:

"A motor car, minibus, bus or goods vehicle fitted with at least four wheels, or a trailer, operated on a public road, shall comply with the relevant requirements as specified in the Government Notices issued in terms of section 22 of the Standards Act, 1993 (Act No 29 of 1993) and listed in Annex A to code of practice SABS 047: "The Testing of motor vehicles for roadworthiness".

It further goes on to say:

(3) "Notwithstanding anything pertaining to the extent of the application of the requirements referred to in sub-regulation (1), any motor vehicle design or any design of a motor vehicle modification submitted to the inspectorate of manufacturers, builders, and importers in terms of regulation 43, shall comply with the requirements relevant to such motor vehicle design or any design of a motor vehicle modification."

While design modifications like the excessive dropping of suspensions could place the owner in a position where he is in violation of - for instance - wheel clearance (body contact) regulations, the act lacks the depth to address this industry directly.

The simplest test would be to take a modified vehicle for a roadworthy test. If anything fails, which might include even something as seemingly innocent as for instance spot-light positions, the car should probably not even be on the road.

What would be valid reasons for making any modifications or alterations to a "street legal" vehicle?

At the end of the day, with the sheer number of different models available and the very wide array of after-market enhancements and modifications being available, there are many that would impact positively on vehicle use, economy and safety.

On older vehicles (like VW Beetles) the drum brakes could be swapped for disk brakes - this is a safety enhancement.

For LDV's, there could be the addition of off-road tires and winches for vehicles that are used off-road.

While "valid" is such a generic term, there would be many reasonable reasons for modification, which may include (but might not be limited to):

Tyre selection - better, lower-cost or more suitable wheels and tires.

Improved lighting - especially on certain types or models of vehicles.

Smash and grab window tinting for protection from sunlight and criminals.

So-called computer mapping boxes, to improve fuel economy (although many will result in warranties being affected).

How would you describe the difference between "valid" modifications as compared to those modifications that make a vehicle a danger on the road?

Any modification that enhances the capabilities of a vehicle - improve handling, safety or performance - can be either positive or negative.

If your car has more power and you use it with restraint, you can experience fuel economy benefits, but if you race like a maniac you could be at risk.

If you fit larger rims and better tires you could improve road holding or even road noise but if they are not compatible with your vehicle, do not fit properly or are of the incorrect speed rating, they could also expose you to risk.

In short - the enhancement or modification, as long as they are not preposterous, could be either good or bad depending on the user.

When a driver fits after-market accessories or does upgrades on a vehicle which are listed below then, generally speaking, there will be no problems:

Has the manufacturers approval

Has been developed and/or provided by companies which have suitable certifications regarding standards.

Are supplied by a local company who have an elevated level of credibility

On the other hand, modifications performed in earlier years (and sometimes still done) compromised the vehicles. These included:

Cutting and widening of rims in a DIY manner

Cutting of springs or heating of coils to lower a vehicle

Swapping between vehicles that had not been designed for. Common were engine swaps which saw V8 engines being placed in small cars where the chassis were not strong enough to cope with the increased power or brakes were not improved to make it possible for the vehicle to be brought to a stop from the speeds it could now achieve.

"Valid" modifications are those that involve the fitment of manufacturer approved accessories that do not affect the warranty of vehicles.

When people start tampering with the engine performance, drivetrain, suspension, wheels, and brakes of a vehicle, obviously going outside the approved parameters, then such vehicles' dynamic performance, whilst enhanced, will compromise safety as the vehicles were not designed with high performance driving on a public road in mind.

Such highly modified vehicles can only be restricted for use on racing tracks. Illegal street racing with vehicles modified to boost the performance of the vehicle has become a significant concern to all in road traffic enforcement and a threat to all road users.

Which modifications are the biggest threat to road safety and would endanger the lives of both the driver and other road users?

Speed enhancement modifications.

Dropping ride heights significantly (suspension modifications) which affect the ride and handling and fitment of overly large wheels which affect steering and control of a vehicle.

The "home done" suspension modifications which have seen springs falling out of the vehicle having no suspension travel at all.

Too big an engine for the vehicle which compromised:

Handling

Stopping ability

Premature wear of wheel bearings and other critical components as a result of wide wheels and incorrect tires.

Minibus Taxis

A major threat is the aftermarket enhancement of seating in Minibus Taxis.

If the number of seats that are available to passengers is increased without due consideration to vehicle design, extremely dangerous situations can follow.

There is also a saying in street racing circles: "What you do at the top, you must do at the bottom."

It is too common for especially the young vehicle owners and aspiring "street racers" to commit all of their money to improving the acceleration and top speed of their vehicles while completely ignoring the need to also improve suspension and braking to ensure that the prevailing dynamics do not grossly exceed the stability or braking capacity of the vehicle.

If you attend a crash scene - which would be the tell-tale signs that vehicle modifications/alterations might have contributed to the crash?

One of the first signs of the involvement of modifications or enhancement being at play would be location.

There are often areas that are specifically attractive to illegal street races.

If a collision happens in that area, late at night - perhaps after midnight - and involves a car that is visually enhanced, the possibility of the enhancement being a feature cannot be ignored.

The type of a vehicle and the "extra's" fitted to it. Many vehicle brands are popular with aftermarket performance enhancement kits.

The more of such addendums fitted, the greater the likelihood that it was driven enthusiastically leading to loss of control ending up in a crash.

Do you believe that your average traffic officer has the necessary skills to identify components that might make the vehicle "non-roadworthy" and do you believe that training on this could make our roads safer?

Absolutely not. That is why many Traffic Departments and even Police Collision Units have so called Vehicle Examiners.

The number of viable options and the increased technology installed in modern vehicles makes it unlikely for the regular traffic officer to be able to stay abreast of these modifications.

A traffic officer who has undergone additional training in Examiner of Vehicles (EoV) will have the necessary skills to discontinue a vehicle found to be illegal for use on a public road and take the necessary action to remove it and charge the driver accordingly.

Are there any other impacts of vehicle modifications which present a threat other than road safety...i.e. environmental hazards etc.

In the pursuit of performance, owners have changed exhaust systems entirely or have resorted to removing the catalytic converter. The CAT is there to reduce toxic emissions which produce CO2 gasses. While this does improve performance, it is technically illegal.

Pollution is a major threat to our environment, this includes, smoke, lubrication and noise pollution. Vehicle owners and especially owners of "souped up" cars need to understand the threat to our fragile environment and display the necessary responsibility.

A new trend is lighting enhancements. With the introduction of HID, LED and no even Laser Lighting, the newest trend includes the installation of so-called "light bars" that produce horrendous amounts of light. In a dark environment, these are extremely blinding and can present a huge risk to other road users. It is an aspect of road safety that has not reached mainline awareness yet.

Any other important insights on vehicle modifications that the public needs to be made aware of?

Where there are cars, there will be a competitive element. Since the advent of the motor car, more than a century ago, people were racing them, trying to set the fastest speed records. This behavior becomes extremely dangerous when young, impressionable minds begin to further be influenced by movies such as "Fast and Furious", "Gone in 60 Seconds" and "The Italian Job" where illegal street racing is glamorized to the point where, today, the after-market accessories business is a multi-million-rand business.

Be cautious to avoid the following:

Vehicles with suspensions too low compromise the driver's ergonomics

Wheels which have tires "stretched"

Wheels too wide that catch the body work

Exchanging of steering wheels which have no airbag as a secondary restraint

In the case of 4x4's

Massive wheels which change the handling of the vehicle

Bullbars which may inhibit airbag deployment

While the selling and purchasing of many items are not illegal, the fitment and use of such items on a public road are. Authorities will never be able to completely stop illegal street racing, drifting and spinning on public roads, participants will have to realize the dangers since dozens of young lives are lost needlessly and senselessly to crashes involving such illegal behavior.

The best advice would always to engage in these activities in a controlled environment such as a racing track where marshals, instructors, and paramedics are on duty to assist when things get out of hand.

If your vehicle must be modified, have it done by a professional and with the necessary restraint. Always keep in mind that public roads are not race tracks - and consider yourself an integral contributor to road safety.

Road safety is a mindset more than an act or action. Try to remember that, no matter how much you may enjoy the enhancements to your vehicle, remember that the risk of injury or death is always present. Think Safety and Arrive Alive!
A word of Appreciation for the Kind Assistance provided by:
Stan Bezuidenhout, IBF Investigations

Eugene Herbert, MasterDrive

Ashref Ismail, Fleetmax Africa

Also view:
Vehicle Repair, Maintenance and Road Safety Precautions while Working on your Vehicle Vehicle maintenance and safety guide to roadworthiness of vehicles

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Vehicle Modifications, Alterations and Road Safety

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Manufacturers deliver vehicles which cater for the average driver and have settings that will provide the best (erring on the conservative) in terms of longevity, economy, ride comfort, performance. That satisfies most drivers but some, quite possibly because they can’t find/afford a “performance”

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Insurance
Again a reputable company providing information on what does not affect your insurance and what you should do if you are modifying your car

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Insurance
Again a reputable company providing information on what does not affect your insurance and what you should do if you are modifying your car

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Car modifications are often associated with young men who want their car to be faster and louder, in every sense. Yet there are there practical modifications anyone can make. But if you want to mod your car, how will it affect your insurance?

What is a car modification?

We define a modification as any kind of alteration to a vehicle that wasn't in the manufacturer's standard specification, or wasn't fitted as an option when the vehicle was manufactured. It could range from a cosmetic change - such as alloy wheels or body kits - to more practical enhancements, such as dual control or parking sensors.

What modifications don't affect my car insurance?

Any modification will almost certainly affect your insurance, and various car mods will tend to raise your premium.

For instance, a substantially enhanced car could significantly increase its value. Or a shinier, prettier car is more likely to be broken into or stolen. And if you dramatically increase the car's power and performance, most insurers will see the vehicle as a higher accident risk.

But certain modifications won't adversely affect your quote if they're likely to decrease the risk of an accident. So we don't count tow bars or parking sensors as modifications, because a car with a tow bar is likely to be driven at a slower pace for some of the time, and reversing with parking sensors make a prang less likely.

One modification that caused a little confusion in recent years was winter tyres. We had heard that some insurers were raising premiums, or even refusing cover to drivers who fitted winter tyres, but this should no longer be the case.

The Association of British Insurers (ABI) has produced a commitment setting out the position of certain insurers regarding winter tyres. Check the ABI's list, as a few insurers require you to tell them you've fitted winter tyres even though your premium or cover won't change.

Are modifications a young man's game?

Not at all. According to our Members at least, car modifications aren't restricted to young men.

For instance, we found that a third of all modifications are carried out by women. And parking sensors were most popular among drivers over 75.

While men were responsible for the most popular kind of mod, alloy wheels, they appealed to all age groups and both sexes. The oldest person who decided they needed better wheels was 85.

Many of the most popular modifications address practical concerns. Dual controls might be installed by a driving instructor, and disabled drivers might fit hand controls. Another popular modification is the conversion of petrol cars to run on cleaner, cheaper LPG fuel.

What should I do if I mod my car?

If you want to modify a car, talk to your insurer before you spend any money. Even something as apparently minor as a go-faster stripe could signal a higher risk and alter your premium.

If you've already altered your car, don't worry. We can give you an online quote for a maximum of two modifications. If the car has more than two modifications, or the mod in question isn't in our list, then call us on 0800 197 7178. We may still be able to give you a quote.

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Will car modifications affect my insurance? | AA Insurance

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Did you know that fitting alloy wheels, body kits and other car modifications could affect your car insurance premium?

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This is  Suffolk Police Website

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Car modifications are often associated with young men who want their car to be faster and louder, in every sense. Yet there are there practical modifications anyone can make. But if you want to mod your car, how will it affect your insurance?

What is a car modification?

We define a modification as any kind of alteration to a vehicle that wasn't in the manufacturer's standard specification, or wasn't fitted as an option when the vehicle was manufactured. It could range from a cosmetic change - such as alloy wheels or body kits - to more practical enhancements, such as dual control or parking sensors.

What modifications don't affect my car insurance?

Any modification will almost certainly affect your insurance, and various car mods will tend to raise your premium.

For instance, a substantially enhanced car could significantly increase its value. Or a shinier, prettier car is more likely to be broken into or stolen. And if you dramatically increase the car's power and performance, most insurers will see the vehicle as a higher accident risk.

But certain modifications won't adversely affect your quote if they're likely to decrease the risk of an accident. So we don't count tow bars or parking sensors as modifications, because a car with a tow bar is likely to be driven at a slower pace for some of the time, and reversing with parking sensors make a prang less likely.

One modification that caused a little confusion in recent years was winter tyres. We had heard that some insurers were raising premiums, or even refusing cover to drivers who fitted winter tyres, but this should no longer be the case.

The Association of British Insurers (ABI) has produced a commitment setting out the position of certain insurers regarding winter tyres. Check the ABI's list, as a few insurers require you to tell them you've fitted winter tyres even though your premium or cover won't change.

Are modifications a young man's game?

Not at all. According to our Members at least, car modifications aren't restricted to young men.

For instance, we found that a third of all modifications are carried out by women. And parking sensors were most popular among drivers over 75.

While men were responsible for the most popular kind of mod, alloy wheels, they appealed to all age groups and both sexes. The oldest person who decided they needed better wheels was 85.

Many of the most popular modifications address practical concerns. Dual controls might be installed by a driving instructor, and disabled drivers might fit hand controls. Another popular modification is the conversion of petrol cars to run on cleaner, cheaper LPG fuel.

What should I do if I mod my car?

If you want to modify a car, talk to your insurer before you spend any money. Even something as apparently minor as a go-faster stripe could signal a higher risk and alter your premium.

If you've already altered your car, don't worry. We can give you an online quote for a maximum of two modifications. If the car has more than two modifications, or the mod in question isn't in our list, then call us on 0800 197 7178. We may still be able to give you a quote.

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Will car modifications affect my insurance? | AA Insurance

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Did you know that fitting alloy wheels, body kits and other car modifications could affect your car insurance premium?

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AA Insurance website

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Car modifications are often associated with young men who want their car to be faster and louder, in every sense. Yet there are there practical modifications anyone can make. But if you want to mod your car, how will it affect your insurance?

What is a car modification?

We define a modification as any kind of alteration to a vehicle that wasn't in the manufacturer's standard specification, or wasn't fitted as an option when the vehicle was manufactured. It could range from a cosmetic change - such as alloy wheels or body kits - to more practical enhancements, such as dual control or parking sensors.

What modifications don't affect my car insurance?

Any modification will almost certainly affect your insurance, and various car mods will tend to raise your premium.

For instance, a substantially enhanced car could significantly increase its value. Or a shinier, prettier car is more likely to be broken into or stolen. And if you dramatically increase the car's power and performance, most insurers will see the vehicle as a higher accident risk.

But certain modifications won't adversely affect your quote if they're likely to decrease the risk of an accident. So we don't count tow bars or parking sensors as modifications, because a car with a tow bar is likely to be driven at a slower pace for some of the time, and reversing with parking sensors make a prang less likely.

One modification that caused a little confusion in recent years was winter tyres. We had heard that some insurers were raising premiums, or even refusing cover to drivers who fitted winter tyres, but this should no longer be the case.

The Association of British Insurers (ABI) has produced a commitment setting out the position of certain insurers regarding winter tyres. Check the ABI's list, as a few insurers require you to tell them you've fitted winter tyres even though your premium or cover won't change.

Are modifications a young man's game?

Not at all. According to our Members at least, car modifications aren't restricted to young men.

For instance, we found that a third of all modifications are carried out by women. And parking sensors were most popular among drivers over 75.

While men were responsible for the most popular kind of mod, alloy wheels, they appealed to all age groups and both sexes. The oldest person who decided they needed better wheels was 85.

Many of the most popular modifications address practical concerns. Dual controls might be installed by a driving instructor, and disabled drivers might fit hand controls. Another popular modification is the conversion of petrol cars to run on cleaner, cheaper LPG fuel.

What should I do if I mod my car?

If you want to modify a car, talk to your insurer before you spend any money. Even something as apparently minor as a go-faster stripe could signal a higher risk and alter your premium.

If you've already altered your car, don't worry. We can give you an online quote for a maximum of two modifications. If the car has more than two modifications, or the mod in question isn't in our list, then call us on 0800 197 7178. We may still be able to give you a quote.

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Will car modifications affect my insurance? | AA Insurance

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Did you know that fitting alloy wheels, body kits and other car modifications could affect your car insurance premium?

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Cover for modified cars can be pricey because many insurers will treat all changes from factory specification in the same way. Compare modified car insurance quotes from regular and specialist providers with options from multiple insurance brands and see if you could save.

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There is a reason why car manufacturers make cars the way they do: they want each model to appeal to the widest possible audience. Many car enthusiasts are keen to drive a car that's tailored to their particular set of preferences, whether they be visual or performance-related. But every modification comes with a compromise, and sometimes that compromise can affect your insurance premium.

Why declare my modifications?

If your car has been modified, you must declare this - even if you have not made the changes yourself - or your insurance could be invalidated. It is also important to update your insurance company as and when you make additional modifications, so you remain covered.

As the policyholder, the responsibility is on you to declare all modifications. If you're buying a car second-hand and are in any doubt of work that may have been carried out, get the car checked by a mechanic. If you don't declare the modifications - regardless of whether the omission was intentional - your claim may be refused, and your insurance will be void.

If you have insurance refused or cancelled, you will find it harder and more expensive to get cover in the future. So, if you're in any doubt, double-check and declare.

This article will detail a number of modifications to give idea of what you need to declare and when you may need modified car insurance.

Modified vehicle: a definition

A modified vehicle is one that includes anything that has been altered from factory standard, or since it has left the factory. This can range from the small to the large, from a new engine to a small bumper sticker.

Modifications guide

This section covers modifications to the engine or vehicle mechanics, such as the exhaust system, transmission, or air filter. These mods can improve your vehicle's performance, but in 70-80% of cases where the engine size is increased, you'll also see an increase on your premium. If you stick to a similar engine size, your premium is less likely to be affected.

If you have an old auto with a large engine size, for example an old Land Rover, then installing a smaller engine may reduce your insurance costs due to improved fuel efficiency.

One example of such a modification is the installation of an Engine Control Unit (ECU). All cars are set up at the factory to control the fuel-air mixture in the engine, which maximizes efficiency and power. Many manufacturers program the ECU's parameters far below the car's capability. Reprogramming, or 'remapping', this can improve engine performance and, in some instances, return better gas mileage. Adding or replacing the ECU's chip to make the car more economical will increase the brake force of the vehicle slightly. This may increase your premium, but only up to about 5%.

However, remapping the ECU to get substantially higher performance from your engine could cost more. As a general rule of thumb, the percentage increase to your premium will be about the same as the percentage increase in horse power.

Another example is the installation of a cold-air intake outside the vehicle. This not only frees up the air flow to an engine, it also feeds it cooler, more condensed air. Cooler air is denser and brings more oxygen into the combustion chamber and that means more power. These modifications will have less effect on your premium than remapping your engine.

Many drivers relieve pressure on the engine - and return a little bump in horsepower - by improving the exhaust system, which aids waste flowing through the engine. This usually means making the exhaust bigger and louder. Note that many 'big bore' exhausts are illegal, due to the amount of noise they make (usually because the exhaust silencers are removed.)

If your exhaust system is illegal, you could face an on-the-spot fine, and your car may be taken off the road until it's returned to legal standards. And of course, illegal additions to your car will invalidate your insurance policy.

Body kits are often added onto existing bodywork, or replace current bodywork, resulting in the safety of the car being compromised. For example: adding a bigger bumper to make it look unique or sporty. But bumpers are made with safety in mind, while body kits are not necessarily made to meet the safety standards required - sometimes crumbling under the tiniest of impacts.

Mods such as front and side skirts mean less ground clearance, and this can be hazardous on uneven roads. Most body kits tend to be made of fibreglass or polyurethane which makes them more likely to splinter in the event of a crash.

Body kits may conjure images of young men racing their friends, but there are also plenty of 50-70-year olds who are keen on these types of modifications! In general, if you have a standard policy, bodywork changes can increase your premium by 10-15%. However, if you already have a modified insurance policy, a body kit is unlikely to affect your premium unless it dramatically increases the value of your car.

The following cosmetic modifications can affect your car insurance in similar ways:

A popular body kit modification for Toyota MR2 owners is to transform their cars into Ferrari replicas. In cases such as these, the type of insurance policy you're under may change. It's always best to check with your insurance company before doing any work.

If your car has been fitted with uprated brakes, its behaviour on the road will be altered. Sports drivers, for example, will install high-temperature brake pads and fluid to get shorter, more consistent stops out of their brakes.

It is possible to install high-performance brakes into certain non-sports cars. If your car is already highly modified, an improved braking system may reduce your premium as much as 10-15%. If your car isn't modified, or only has a few modifications like alloy wheels or suspension, your premium is unlikely to be affected. This is because most cars are factory-fitted with suitable brakes already.

It is possible to install carbon-ceramic discs and drilled or slotted discs (which allows for faster cooling as air passes through the holes.) These can be worth a lot of money, and may increase your premium as a consequence of your increase car value.

Another modification that improves brake performance is water cooling systems. For example, some cars have misting systems added to their brake ducts to keep them from overheating. These are unlikely to affect your premium.

A car can be lowered as long as this doesn't affect the steering or headlight aim (there are strict specifications around headlight aim, as they have the potential to dazzle other drivers.)

Another issue faced with lowering a car is its ability to clear uneven road surfaces such as speed bumps. Over-lowering can also reduce the effectiveness of the way the car handles, putting the driver and passengers at risk. However, this modification is mainly cosmetic and unlikely to affect your premium.

Upgrading your car's suspension may make a noticeable difference to its handling, but most cars have adequate suspension as standard. As such, you're unlikely to see a change in the cost of your policy, unless your car is already heavily modified - in which case, you may save about 5%.

Bushings are small rubber or polyurethane suspension components that are used to isolate vibration, provide cushioning, and reduce friction between metal parts. Some drivers of cars with rubber bushings replace them with polyurethane bushings, as these typically last longer and do a better job of quelling vibrations and minimiing weight transfer. These won't affect your insurance policy, but as with all modifications, you should still declare them.

When a car turns or swerves, the effect of the weight transfer onto one side can, over time, negatively impact handling. This is why some drivers install sway bars - also know as anti-roll or stabilizer bars - which help to reduce body roll by connecting the right and left wheels. Rather than the car leaning to one side, the sway bar helps to distribute the force equally - the bar goes down on the side it leans into, and up on the other side. It's a little extra that can save you about 5% if you have a highly modified car.

Short shift kits are a popular mod that shorten the distance the lever needs to travel between gears. This means quicker shifts and a much sportier action - it can also make it more difficult to drive if you're not used to it!

As this modification is associated with young drivers and racing, it can be a concern for some insurers. That said, it will only increase your premium about 5-10%, or maybe not at all if your car is already heavily modified.

Gear knobs can also be modified. Some drivers will choose to replace their existing one because it is worn, or they'd prefer something more ergonomic or aesthetically pleasing (e.g. leather, sparkly). Novelty options include skulls, gaming joysticks and film prop replicas. They may affect your ability to change gear, but they probably won't change your insurance costs.

Track days became particularly popular in the 1990s after the introduction of speed cameras on Britain's roads. As such people started to modify their cars for the track by adding roll cages and roll bars. These are frames built into the car to protect the driver and/or passenger in the event of an accident. It's unlikely you'll find an insurance company that will cover these under standard policies - you'll need a specialist motorsport insurer like Adrian Flux.

Alloy wheels are much stronger yet lighter than steel ones of the same size, which improves car handling. This is because there will be less weight for the suspension to cope with and less resistance when you steer. The strength of alloy also means it will flex less around corners. Alloys are often ordered at the point of purchase for new cars, but they can also easily be an aftermarket modification.

If there's a history of alloy wheel theft in the area where you live, your insurer may increase your premium. However, in an area with low-crime, getting alloys is unlikely to affect your premium.

Not all modifications are related to car performance. For example, spinning hub caps are purely aesthetic - spinning independently from the wheel to create an interesting effect. Other novelty hub caps can be patterned or light up. While these can be a theft risk, they are unlikely to affect your premium.

Replacing or reupholstering seats may be necessary depending on the age and wear of your car. Alternatively, you may just want to put in heated seats or even vintage-style tuck and roll. Whatever the reason, you should mention your modification to your insurer. You most likely won't have additional costs if you already have a modified policy, but these modifications could increase a standard policy by 5-10%.

Sounds systems are a popular (and fairly cheap) mod. Most people will have seen - or more likely heard - a car with an aftermarket subwoofer. This is a speaker system designed to maximise low frequencies i.e. bass and sub-bass. Unless you opt for a high-value system, you won't see a rise in your premium.

Some people also modify their dashboards. You may do this for functional reasons, such as adding a built-in satellite navigation system or car phone, or for aesthetics (wood or aesthetics.) These are unlikely to affect your premium.

There is a range of modifications to a car's exterior that can impact your premium, from tinted windows to neon lights. While UK law states that there are no restrictions on tinting your rear windows and windscreen, the front windscreen and side-view windows do have restrictions. Legally, at least 75% of light must be allowed through the front windscreen and 70% of light through the front side windows. They won't increase or decrease your cost of insurance cover.

Under-car neon lights remain a favoured modification. By law, you are not allowed to have the tubing visible and the light cannot be so bright that it will distract you or other road users (for example flashing lights are illegal.) Only white lights can be fitted to the head lights at the front and red lights to the back of the car. Washer jet LED lights are prohibited, especially coloured lights. Green lights may not be used at all.

In general, lights won't increase your cost of insurance. But your insurer may take into account your claims history and theft risk, especially if you're a younger driver, and require a supplement.

Many people are surprised to hear that custom paintjobs, decals and stickers are also classed as a modification by insurance companies. As such, some people get caught out when they try to make a claim and discover their insurance isn't valid because they haven't declared their bumper sticker collection or racing stripes.

Not all insurance companies cover stickers and custom paintjobs - it depends on claims they have had in the past. If the company has had to make large pay-outs for cars with these kinds of modifications, they may not be keen to cover them for other drivers. For insurers that do offer cover, they're only likely to increase your premium by 5% at most.

Modifications that may reduce your insurance premium

While many modifications can increase your premium, there are mods that can reduce it because they improve driving safety and discourage theft. Using security devices, such as immobilisers, tracking devices and additional safety locks, are all ways to potentially reduce your premium. If your car is a 1995 model or earlier, adding an immobiliser can eliminate your theft risk and therefore reduce your premium. Installing a tracker to heavily modified car (£40,000 value or above) will also reduce the cost of cover for that vehicle.

Your premium is likely to be about 15% if you have bought a car and modified it yourself (or had a mechanic modify it to your specifications.) This is because the insurance company recognises that you have put time, energy and care into your car, and are less likely to treat it with disrespect or drive recklessly. In fact, some insurers will reduce your premium the more modifications you make!
Adrian Flux are specialists in modified car insurance. Why not get a quote?
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Last Updated on There is a reason why car manufacturers make cars the way they do: they want each model to appeal to the widest possible audience. Many car enthusiasts are keen to drive a car that's tailored to their particular set of preferences, whether they be visual or performance-related.

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Modifying cars has a long history, it actually started no long after the car was invented. Back then the mod's were mainly to improve them and see what they could change to make them faster, safer and cheaper to produce. Then as the years went by this changed to modifying them for other purposes, most notoriously in America for Moonshine Runners and Bank Robbers. These cars we put through there paces and made to outrun any police they may come across and the purpose was purely for speed and agility with the moonshiners making some alterations to withstand harder terrains due to using their own made routes.

From this it has changed over the years from Racecars to lowriders, there is now 1000's of different genre's of modifying and it has just got bigger and bigger with no sight of it ever slowing down. Here in the UK the modifying "scene" has always been strong, with the early day's consisting of a lot of engine modifications and customisation for the sole purpose of Street Racing. Street Racing was very popular back when the Ford Escort mk1 and mk2 were dominant as they were very fun and easy cars to work on with massive potential for modifying.

Speed has now took a step back slightly for the majority of the modifying community with most going for cosmetic changes with some small engine mods. most of the modern stuff, especially in the UK & Europe, is based on how a car looks with the "euro" smooth and low looking being the current favourite amoungst enthusiasts, where as the 90's was all about big body kits, neons and big rims.

For most people modifying a car is a hobby, which turns into a passion, which turns into a obsession. They start with small little things to improve the looks and it snowballs from there with some people spending over £40,000 in modifications. Some people see it as a waste but enthusiasts will argue that its better than spending it on drugs and prostitutes and it keeps us out of trouble (mainly) as we are always working on the next thing. This brings me to my next point, no ones project is ever "finished" not matter how complete it looks, this is due to our obsession with having to change everything and keep it all fresh.

To me, modifying has turned into an obsession and I just cant help but mess with cars. I have a massive passion for cars in general but then modifying them makes them better to me, this is because its more personal to the owner. Modifications can be done to anyone's taste so as long as you love your own creation is doesn't matter what anyone else thinks, and this is why I love it, no 2 cars as never the same. All my cars are modified for the passion and no purpose at all, I just love taking the car I like and changing it into something I love and am happy to say I had the vision to make it how it is.

For me it all started from the day I got my driving licence and first car, Fiat Punto mk2 1.2 8V Active Sport, and from then I have spent £1,000's and not looked back. When I got the car i thought it was the best thing since sliced bread (like any 17 year old and their 1st car) and drove it everywhere, then came the wheel changes, stickers and subs. I must admit I made the car look like a mess to start with thinking it was cool, but I was sooo wrong but I got my act together and changed it. It had a full change from ever panel being smoothed to having a turbo conversion on the little 1.2 and pushing just over 160bhp. I have a particular issue with collecting and changing wheels with 14 sets being bought and sold over a 3 year period for 1 car.

My Fiat Punto 1.2 8v Turbo running Braid 3 Piece Split Wheels

I have since kept my first car, the Punto above, but had second cars to try and be more "practical" which always failed as I modified those aswell. My fourth car was a 1.8 HGT Fiat Punto which was modified for track/handling use and was something totally new to me, buying the car mainly done i just changed minor bits and found out how fun speed could actually be in a perfectly set up car. From this I went to a BMW E36 328i which I again went slightly different route with very small but subtle mods but then dropping it as low as possible on some super wide deep dish ACT Wheels (17x11j rears) and have now got the itch for power so I will be doing a 1UZ-FE V8 conversion in it next year.

As you can see above I have been doing it for several years and it is purely for passion and obsession. I am even obsessed and going on rants while writing about it as I can't help it, I have a huge passion for doing it and the "scene" in general. I work with people in all the genre's, from Drifters to Dubbers, and have to say nearly everyone is doing it because it has become a bug, a disease, that they just can't shake and it makes us all want to do more and more. I am very lucky to work with the variety of people I do as it really opens up how different each area is and why they are attracted to the particular cars or Motorsport.

Within Motorsport there seems to be more and more enthusiast groups that then come together produce series and championships, I think this is shown within Drifting as this is now one of the most Up and Coming Motorsports there is. And this all started with modifying a car to make it better at taking corners sideways, welding a diff, wider wheels & camber is where it all started for most. It has now turned out some of the best looking cars around the world and is providing innovation though the whole "scene". Over the past few years I have seen drifting grow and influence more and more trends, with big over fenders being the current most popular with some nice engine transplants.

My question to you is, why do you modify cars? Is it for the purpose of racing or the passion of making a car fully personal to you? Be sure to share you photos, experiences and views of the whole "scene" from around the Globe

Photos & Words By Mathew Bedworth

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Modifying Cars, Why do you do it? | DriveTribe

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Modifying cars has a long history, it actually started no long after the car was invented. Back then the mod's were mainly to improve them and see what they could change to make them faster, safer and cheaper to produce.

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There are a myriad ways to alter the appearance and performance of your car, but some of these modifications could affect your vehicle's safety and handling. In order that particular safety standards are met, the UK has in place various laws to ensure modifications do not put the lives of drivers or passengers at risk.

Here we look at some of the key aspects of the law in relation to car modifications.

A number of high performance exhaust system upgrades are available which are effective at increasing your engine's performance. It is important to recognise, however, that most big-bore exhausts are not legal on UK roads due to excessive noise and emissions. Keep exhaust silencers in place if you do upgrade your exhaust.

Costs: Most exhaust systems range between £500 and £1000, but can cost more.

Among the most common brake modifications are larger brake callipers, along with the fitting of a variety of vented, drilled or grooved brake discs. In order to ensure the suitability of any new brakes, it's advisable to seek assistance from a professional engineer and obtain advice from the car manufacturer or certified suppliers. Upgrading or modifying your braking system should not mean you begin braking later or start taking corners at higher speeds, since both may imperil you and your passengers.

Costs: The price of big brake kits vary greatly, depending on your car. They can range from several hundred pounds to several thousand.

Improved handling and a sportier appearance are the two main attractions of adding spoilers to a car. Any spoiler must be securely fitted and not have any dangerously sharp edges; it must also not obstruct your view.

Costs: How much you pay for a spoiler depends on its size and which model it is intended for; a small one may cost as little as £100, with prices for more elaborate ones easily surpassing £1000.

Personalised number plates are increasingly popular in Britain, but if you change your registration you must bear in mind that:

Number plates must be clear of any obstruction and must not mislead other drivers and road users.

Legislation regarding letter/digit size, font, characters, spacing and format must be adhered to.

Front plates must be reflective white; rear plates reflective yellow.

£100 Fixed Penalty Notice may be issued to those who fail to comply.

Costs: The DVLA offer personalised number plates starting at £399. Search for available plates here: http://dvlaregistrations.direct.gov.uk/

Thinking of placing neon lights under your car? If so, you need to ensure the tubing is not on show in order to comply with the law. Lights must not be too bright, since they might distract other road users. Adding an on/off switch is prudent so they can be turned off easily in inappropriate situations.

Costs: there are a vast range of LED lights available, with prices starting at a few pounds for small light set ups.

Any upgraded/modified head lamps or fog lights must be white or yellow at the front and red at the rear - no other colour is allowed.

Only emergency services are permitted to use blue lights.

More information on legislation regarding vehicle lights: http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1989/1796/regulation/11/made

The law permits tinted windows only within certain parameters: rear side windows and rear windscreen can be tinted without restriction, but the windscreen and front side windows must allow light transmission of 75% and 70% respectively. Failure to comply with these rules could mean you are served with a Prohibition Notice, meaning you cannot use your car until the windows meet regulations. A penalty notice or even a court summons are also possibilities if you are caught.

Costs: prices can range from £100 to well over £1000, depending on how many windows are being tinted and which tinting system is being used.

It is best only to fit wheels that your car's manufacturer has recommended or approved, since changing your wheels can greatly affect handling.

Costs: Prices vary but sets are available for under £200.

Ensure there is ample space between any new tyres and the arches, taking into account suspension movement. This will also ensure the tyres are unaffected when the steering is in full lock.

Costs: Again, costs vary hugely, with budget options starting under £40 per tyre, rising to hundreds for high performance options.

Whether modified by you or a previous owner, you must tell your insurer about any and all modifications. If you do not, any future claim may be repudiated - and your insurance policy could be invalidated.

While fun and rewarding to you, your car modifications may not be to the taste of others. Someone somewhere may appreciate that ear-piercing exhaust or those funky aftermarket wheels, but it may take longer for them to find your car when the time comes to sell.

In the meantime, you may find yourself dropping the asking price if you need to make a sale quickly. When it comes to cars, 'normal' and 'innocuous' are the watchwords for a speedy deal.

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Guide to car modification law in UK - see which modifications are illegal

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There are a myriad ways to alter the appearance and performance of your car, but some of these modifications could affect your vehicle's safety and handling. In order that particular safety standards are met, the UK has in place various laws to ensure modifications do not put the lives of drivers or passengers at risk.

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Manufacturers deliver vehicles which cater for the average driver and have settings that will provide the best (erring on the conservative) in terms of longevity, economy, ride comfort, performance.

That satisfies most drivers but some, quite possibly because they can't find/afford a "performance" model from the manufacturer will create their own.

They change and alter the vehicle dynamics not only to be visually appealing in their own eyes but also for what they deem to be improvements in performance.

How does this impact on road safety and would any such modifications endanger lives on the roads?

We approached a few of our colleagues with an extensive knowledge of the motoring industry in a Q&A to gain some insights on vehicle modifications and how they may impact on safe driving and our safety on the roads.

How would we best describe Modifications and Alterations? Do we look at the nature as well as the intended purpose of such modifications?

Modifications and alterations are essentially the same things when it comes to motor vehicles.

As far as the practical descriptions go, alterations would not affect performance while modifications typically would.

Simply put alterations and/or modifications can be described as bringing about changes to the original vehicle parameter standards with a view, largely of enhancing a vehicle's performance in fuel consumption, load capacity, cosmetic trim, 0 - 100km/h or top speed runs. Where these modifications/alterations do not comply with the requirements of the Road Traffic Act, they will be deemed illegal.

We could break it down into the following categories:

Visual Modifications

This would include the likes of paint jobs, chrome and aftermarket grilles, darkened lights or so-called "Angel eyes," etc. Changes that only affect aesthetics but none of the other categories.

This would typically have no direct impact on vehicle function, performance or safety.

While this is a huge industry, it is largely harmless.

Functional Modifications or Enhancements

These include "lifted suspensions," bigger wheels, tinted windows, HID Headlamps and the like.

The driver would like the vehicle to look sportier and would change the wheels & tires (bigger / wider) and lower the suspension so that it sits lower to the ground. In many instances, the driver is happy with the performance so doesn't touch the engine by increasing power.

These modifications or alterations if you will, are designed to improve the driver experience or render the vehicle more capable in a particular environment.

A good example would include off-road tires on a double-cab LDV, along with a so-called "suspension lift."

This makes the LDV more capable of handling rough terrain and might include under-belly protection like "skid-plates" or winches to facilitate the novel application.

For road cars, this might involve a change in the wheel diameter, lower profile tires, etc.

The enhancements affect the capabilities of a vehicle so they are more enhancements than mere alterations, but some are used only for aesthetic value.

Performance Enhancements

This is where things get more relevant for road safety. The driver wants more power and better handling. To achieve this the engine may be upgraded with a Turbo charger on replaced altogether and to cope with the performance the suspension is changed and may include the replacement of shock absorbers (from mild to wild) and possibly even an upgrade of the brakes to improve stopping power.

It needs to be understood that Performance entails more than mere acceleration and straight-line speed.

As far as performance enhancements go, the outcome is likely to affect:

Engine power or torque (output).

Airflow or induction pressures (turbos and superchargers).

Chemical augmentation (fuel changes like running on AvGas or Aviation Fuel or even Nitrous Oxide or NOS).

This includes everything from engine software manipulation through plug-and-play exhaust systems, etc.

The enhancements are often done with pre-existing "kits" that manufactured, created or built for each brand or model individually.

The result is faster acceleration, better cornering or improved braking.

Design Modifications

This is where the engineering types get involved and might include any, a combination of or even all the following:

Engine/wheel transfer modifications, such as differential, gearbox or gear ratio changes.

Suspension enhancements to ensure better road holding around corners, etc.

Introduction of completely new vehicle systems (any or all the above).

When design modifications are selected, the vehicle is almost completely re-designed.

Typically reserved for track application, this is a new "trend" that is more a manifestation of the financial limitations of the owner than anything else.

What are the most commonly found Modifications and Alterations on vehicles?

The most common alternations include after-market lights, larger wheels and lower profile tires and sound enhancements (audio installations). It may also include computer re-mapping, exhaust system improvements and induction improvements (turbo boost adjustments, etc).

Examples of Modifications/Alterations

Aftermarket mag wheels which have a lower profile and probably allow for wider tires.

Lowered suspension

Steering wheels - depending on whether the vehicle has airbags

Sound systems

Engine upgrades

In passenger transport vehicles such as the ubiquitous "Mini-bus Taxi", the most common alteration involves converting panel vans into passenger transport vehicles with additional seats and in minibusses, to fit additional seats to boost passenger carrying capacity.

In passenger vehicles, the most popular alterations/modifications involve boosting engine capacity, the use of illegal devices such as nitrous oxide cylinders, dropping suspensions, fitting bigger wheels, applying extremely dark tinted windows, fitment of various body panels, spoilers, diffusers, tail fins and the like as well as changing the exhaust/silencer system to emit louder sounds and not forgetting the installation of super sound systems that exceed the approved decibels levels as prescribed in the Act.

When the alterations fall outside the manufacturer's approved accessory installation and falls foul of the Act, then not only can it affect the warranty of a vehicle, but the car can be deemed illegal for use on a public road and can be "discontinued from service" necessitating restoring it to its original condition and presenting it for a re-test at an approved vehicle testing station.

Does our road legislation have any provisions with regards to vehicle modifications and alterations and with regards to what may and may not be altered?

Regrettably, not much of the Road Traffic Legislation deals with modifications and alterations. The proliferation of the kinds of enhancements and modifications seen today came into effect long after the Road Traffic Act was originally promulgated.

In some provinces, law enforcement officials have taken vehicles off the road based on their interpretation of the RTA which in "loose terms "deals with the fact the vehicle is not the way it left the factory.

The National Road Traffic Act 93 of 1996 Clause 216 (1) states:

"A motor car, minibus, bus or goods vehicle fitted with at least four wheels, or a trailer, operated on a public road, shall comply with the relevant requirements as specified in the Government Notices issued in terms of section 22 of the Standards Act, 1993 (Act No 29 of 1993) and listed in Annex A to code of practice SABS 047: "The Testing of motor vehicles for roadworthiness".

It further goes on to say:

(3) "Notwithstanding anything pertaining to the extent of the application of the requirements referred to in sub-regulation (1), any motor vehicle design or any design of a motor vehicle modification submitted to the inspectorate of manufacturers, builders, and importers in terms of regulation 43, shall comply with the requirements relevant to such motor vehicle design or any design of a motor vehicle modification."

While design modifications like the excessive dropping of suspensions could place the owner in a position where he is in violation of - for instance - wheel clearance (body contact) regulations, the act lacks the depth to address this industry directly.

The simplest test would be to take a modified vehicle for a roadworthy test. If anything fails, which might include even something as seemingly innocent as for instance spot-light positions, the car should probably not even be on the road.

What would be valid reasons for making any modifications or alterations to a "street legal" vehicle?

At the end of the day, with the sheer number of different models available and the very wide array of after-market enhancements and modifications being available, there are many that would impact positively on vehicle use, economy and safety.

On older vehicles (like VW Beetles) the drum brakes could be swapped for disk brakes - this is a safety enhancement.

For LDV's, there could be the addition of off-road tires and winches for vehicles that are used off-road.

While "valid" is such a generic term, there would be many reasonable reasons for modification, which may include (but might not be limited to):

Tyre selection - better, lower-cost or more suitable wheels and tires.

Improved lighting - especially on certain types or models of vehicles.

Smash and grab window tinting for protection from sunlight and criminals.

So-called computer mapping boxes, to improve fuel economy (although many will result in warranties being affected).

How would you describe the difference between "valid" modifications as compared to those modifications that make a vehicle a danger on the road?

Any modification that enhances the capabilities of a vehicle - improve handling, safety or performance - can be either positive or negative.

If your car has more power and you use it with restraint, you can experience fuel economy benefits, but if you race like a maniac you could be at risk.

If you fit larger rims and better tires you could improve road holding or even road noise but if they are not compatible with your vehicle, do not fit properly or are of the incorrect speed rating, they could also expose you to risk.

In short - the enhancement or modification, as long as they are not preposterous, could be either good or bad depending on the user.

When a driver fits after-market accessories or does upgrades on a vehicle which are listed below then, generally speaking, there will be no problems:

Has the manufacturers approval

Has been developed and/or provided by companies which have suitable certifications regarding standards.

Are supplied by a local company who have an elevated level of credibility

On the other hand, modifications performed in earlier years (and sometimes still done) compromised the vehicles. These included:

Cutting and widening of rims in a DIY manner

Cutting of springs or heating of coils to lower a vehicle

Swapping between vehicles that had not been designed for. Common were engine swaps which saw V8 engines being placed in small cars where the chassis were not strong enough to cope with the increased power or brakes were not improved to make it possible for the vehicle to be brought to a stop from the speeds it could now achieve.

"Valid" modifications are those that involve the fitment of manufacturer approved accessories that do not affect the warranty of vehicles.

When people start tampering with the engine performance, drivetrain, suspension, wheels, and brakes of a vehicle, obviously going outside the approved parameters, then such vehicles' dynamic performance, whilst enhanced, will compromise safety as the vehicles were not designed with high performance driving on a public road in mind.

Such highly modified vehicles can only be restricted for use on racing tracks. Illegal street racing with vehicles modified to boost the performance of the vehicle has become a significant concern to all in road traffic enforcement and a threat to all road users.

Which modifications are the biggest threat to road safety and would endanger the lives of both the driver and other road users?

Speed enhancement modifications.

Dropping ride heights significantly (suspension modifications) which affect the ride and handling and fitment of overly large wheels which affect steering and control of a vehicle.

The "home done" suspension modifications which have seen springs falling out of the vehicle having no suspension travel at all.

Too big an engine for the vehicle which compromised:

Handling

Stopping ability

Premature wear of wheel bearings and other critical components as a result of wide wheels and incorrect tires.

Minibus Taxis

A major threat is the aftermarket enhancement of seating in Minibus Taxis.

If the number of seats that are available to passengers is increased without due consideration to vehicle design, extremely dangerous situations can follow.

There is also a saying in street racing circles: "What you do at the top, you must do at the bottom."

It is too common for especially the young vehicle owners and aspiring "street racers" to commit all of their money to improving the acceleration and top speed of their vehicles while completely ignoring the need to also improve suspension and braking to ensure that the prevailing dynamics do not grossly exceed the stability or braking capacity of the vehicle.

If you attend a crash scene - which would be the tell-tale signs that vehicle modifications/alterations might have contributed to the crash?

One of the first signs of the involvement of modifications or enhancement being at play would be location.

There are often areas that are specifically attractive to illegal street races.

If a collision happens in that area, late at night - perhaps after midnight - and involves a car that is visually enhanced, the possibility of the enhancement being a feature cannot be ignored.

The type of a vehicle and the "extra's" fitted to it. Many vehicle brands are popular with aftermarket performance enhancement kits.

The more of such addendums fitted, the greater the likelihood that it was driven enthusiastically leading to loss of control ending up in a crash.

Do you believe that your average traffic officer has the necessary skills to identify components that might make the vehicle "non-roadworthy" and do you believe that training on this could make our roads safer?

Absolutely not. That is why many Traffic Departments and even Police Collision Units have so called Vehicle Examiners.

The number of viable options and the increased technology installed in modern vehicles makes it unlikely for the regular traffic officer to be able to stay abreast of these modifications.

A traffic officer who has undergone additional training in Examiner of Vehicles (EoV) will have the necessary skills to discontinue a vehicle found to be illegal for use on a public road and take the necessary action to remove it and charge the driver accordingly.

Are there any other impacts of vehicle modifications which present a threat other than road safety...i.e. environmental hazards etc.

In the pursuit of performance, owners have changed exhaust systems entirely or have resorted to removing the catalytic converter. The CAT is there to reduce toxic emissions which produce CO2 gasses. While this does improve performance, it is technically illegal.

Pollution is a major threat to our environment, this includes, smoke, lubrication and noise pollution. Vehicle owners and especially owners of "souped up" cars need to understand the threat to our fragile environment and display the necessary responsibility.

A new trend is lighting enhancements. With the introduction of HID, LED and no even Laser Lighting, the newest trend includes the installation of so-called "light bars" that produce horrendous amounts of light. In a dark environment, these are extremely blinding and can present a huge risk to other road users. It is an aspect of road safety that has not reached mainline awareness yet.

Any other important insights on vehicle modifications that the public needs to be made aware of?

Where there are cars, there will be a competitive element. Since the advent of the motor car, more than a century ago, people were racing them, trying to set the fastest speed records. This behavior becomes extremely dangerous when young, impressionable minds begin to further be influenced by movies such as "Fast and Furious", "Gone in 60 Seconds" and "The Italian Job" where illegal street racing is glamorized to the point where, today, the after-market accessories business is a multi-million-rand business.

Be cautious to avoid the following:

Vehicles with suspensions too low compromise the driver's ergonomics

Wheels which have tires "stretched"

Wheels too wide that catch the body work

Exchanging of steering wheels which have no airbag as a secondary restraint

In the case of 4x4's

Massive wheels which change the handling of the vehicle

Bullbars which may inhibit airbag deployment

While the selling and purchasing of many items are not illegal, the fitment and use of such items on a public road are. Authorities will never be able to completely stop illegal street racing, drifting and spinning on public roads, participants will have to realize the dangers since dozens of young lives are lost needlessly and senselessly to crashes involving such illegal behavior.

The best advice would always to engage in these activities in a controlled environment such as a racing track where marshals, instructors, and paramedics are on duty to assist when things get out of hand.

If your vehicle must be modified, have it done by a professional and with the necessary restraint. Always keep in mind that public roads are not race tracks - and consider yourself an integral contributor to road safety.

Road safety is a mindset more than an act or action. Try to remember that, no matter how much you may enjoy the enhancements to your vehicle, remember that the risk of injury or death is always present. Think Safety and Arrive Alive!
A word of Appreciation for the Kind Assistance provided by:
Stan Bezuidenhout, IBF Investigations

Eugene Herbert, MasterDrive

Ashref Ismail, Fleetmax Africa

Also view:
Vehicle Repair, Maintenance and Road Safety Precautions while Working on your Vehicle Vehicle maintenance and safety guide to roadworthiness of vehicles

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Vehicle Modifications, Alterations and Road Safety

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Manufacturers deliver vehicles which cater for the average driver and have settings that will provide the best (erring on the conservative) in terms of longevity, economy, ride comfort, performance. That satisfies most drivers but some, quite possibly because they can’t find/afford a “performance”