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Athena, the goddess of wisdom and warfare, and patroness of the city of Athens was birthed from Metis and sprung to life from Zeus’s skull. Zeus took Metis as a lover until he was warned by Gaea that Metis’s second-born child would overtake him. In an act of fear, Zeus perswaded Metis to play a shapeshifting game, and when she turned into a fly, he swallowed her whole. He was rewarded with an unbearable headache and “Hermes realized what needed to be done and directed Hephaestus to take a wedge and split open Zeus's skull,” (Greek Mythology). Athena comes out fully clad in armor and takes the role of the goddess of wisdom and war. Depicted with grey eyes and a presence emanating authority and power, she is known for her wisdom and strength so many Greek heroes asked for her help.

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Athena embodies wisdom and rationality and is the female counterpart to Ares. She uses her power to aid Odysseus and guides him throughout his journey. Odysseus gets out of certain situations due to Athena’s help and she and protects him. Appearing as Mentor, an advisor to Telemachus, Athena guides him through his coming of age. She is also associated with appearance/illusions compared to reality. One of the main acts she commits is disguising Odysseus to hide him or changing his appearance to make him appear more formidable. She also enjoys how cunning he is and how crafty his lies are, the kind of creativity that she respects.

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ATHENA, THE GODDESS OF WISDOM | Draw My Life

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Warrior goddess who lived in a patriarchal society, Athena was a friend to humanity favored a human in particular: Odysseus. Advocate and guide, she protects Odysseus, teaching him and his society how to be human. She uses her supreme intelligence on behalf of Odysseus in front of the council of the Gods on Olympus and demonstrates the power of language and rational argument, persuading the gods to save Odysseus from the full force of Poseidon’s wrath. Athena believes in free will, learning from your mistakes, and evolving into the best you, you can be. She takes the form of a mentor and offers advice to Odysseus and Telemachus, allowing them to choose to take the advice or walk away. The epic begins by inspiring Telemachus to learn of the artesteia of Odysseus. She transformed Odysseus’ appearance to win the favor of the Nausicaa (daughter of King Alcinous) in the Phaecians. She “...commands Nausicaa to wash her clothes by the river in order to receive Odysseus and offering him hospitality” (Academus). Crucial to the nostos [homecoming] of Odysseus.) With her help, he is able to return to Ithaca. The two share attributes of being resourceful and wise.

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Beth Miller, Terri. Athena in the Odyssey. Study.com, 13 Dec. 2021, https://study.com/academy/lesson/athena-in-the-odyssey.html#:~:text=In%20The%20Odyssey%2C%20Athena%20is,the%20two%20confront%20life%27s%20battles. Accessed 15 Dec. 2021.
Xiao, Peter. The Role of Athena in the Odyssey. Academus, 24 May 2021, https://www.academuseducation.co.uk/post/the-role-of-athena-in-the-odyssey. Accessed 15 Dec. 2021.
Athena: Greek Goddess of Wisdom and War. GreekMythology.com, https://www.greekmythology.com/Olympians/Athena/athena.html. Accessed 15, Dec. 2021.
Birth of Athena. GreekMythology.com, https://www.greekmythology.com/Myths/The_Myths/Birth_of_Athena/birth_of_athena.html. Accessed 16 Dec. 2021.