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The remains or impression of a prehistoric organism preserved in petrified form or as a mold or cast in rock.

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The process by which the porosity of a given form of sediment is decreased as a result of its mineral grains being squeezed together by the weight of overlying sediment or by mechanical means.

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A metallurgical coating process in which a metal or alloy such as iron or steel is immersed in a powder of another metal, such as zinc, chromium,or aluminum, and heated to a temperature below the melting point of either. Cementation is often employed to increase resistance to oxidation.

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A single bed of sedimentary rock, generally consisting of one kind of matter representing continuous deposition.

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The gradual wearing away of land surface materials, especially rocks,sediments, and soils, by the action of water, wind, or a glacier. Usually erosion also involves the transport of eroded material from one place to another, as from the top of a mountain to an adjacent valley, or from the upstream portion of a river to the downstream portion.

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Definition of weathering. : the action of the weather conditions in altering the color, texture, composition, or form of exposed objects; specifically : the physical disintegration and chemical decomposition of earth materials at or near the earth's surface.

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An idealized cycle of processes undergone by rocks in the earth's crust, involving igneous intrusion, uplift, erosion, transportation, deposition as sedimentary rock, metamorphism, remelting, and further igneous intrusion.

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A metamorphic rock is a type of rock which has been changed by extreme heat and pressure. Its name is from 'morph' , and 'meta'. The original rock gets heated and pressured. This causes profound physical and/or chemical change.

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Rock that has formed through the deposition and solidification of sediment, especially sediment transported by water, ice, and wind. Sedimentary rocks are often deposited in layers, and frequently contain fossils. Note : Limestone and shale are common sedimentary rocks.

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Rocks formed by the cooling and solidifying of molten materials. Igneous rocks can form beneath the Earth 's surface, or at its surface, as lava. Note : Granite, solid volcanic lava, and basalt are examples of igneous rock.