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A case that involved Nazis wanting a parade but were overpriced and stated this was unconstitutional due to holding back their freedom of speech, and they won.

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Under common law, to constitute defamation, a claim must generally be false and must have been made to someone other than the person defamed.

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Libel and slander are types of defamatory statements. Libel is a written defamatory statement, and slander is a spoken or oral defamatory statement.

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All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the state wherein they reside.

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Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.

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This amendment codifies the right to a jury trial in certain civil cases and inhibits courts from overturning a jury's findings of fact.

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Seditious speech is speech directed at the overthrow of government. It includes speech attacking basic institutions of government.

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The accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed

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United States Supreme Court case concerning the constitutionality of Executive Order 9066, which ordered Japanese Americans into internment camps during World War II regardless of citizenship

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No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or public danger.

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People choose to segregate, it is not forced.

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Search and Seizures to protect the people's rights of privacy.

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A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.

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Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press.

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Pennsylvania's nonpublic education and secondary education act were unconstitutional against the Establishment Clause.

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judicial suppression of material that would be published or broadcast, on the grounds that it is libelous or harmful. In US law, the First Amendment severely limits the ability of the government to do this.

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Gives people the freedom to engage in religious activities, and protects people for religious reasons.

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A test courts may use to determine constitutionality of a statue or ordinance. The law must be related to legitimate government interest.

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Supreme Court case that ruled states are required under the 6th amendment of the constitution to provide an attorney to dependents in criminal cases.

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When the Supreme Court advanced the controversial of Separate but equal doctrine for the constitutionality of racial segregation laws.

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A supreme Court case that stated that anyone of African ancestry that were imported into the United States and sold as slaves could not sue in court and were not an American citizen.

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A supreme Court issue dealing with the constitutionality of laws that criminalize or restricted access to abortions.

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Ended segregation in public areas and stopped discrimination for employment on basis of race, religion, gender, or national origin.

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An old system that had separated black and white people, using segregation.

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Policy in which favors those that suffer from discrimination, related to employment or education. Positive discrimination.

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A test given that in order to vote had to pass the literacy test. The tests were so that racial minorities were prevented from voting.

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By Supreme Court decision, that any evidence obtained in violation of the 4th amendment can not be used in state law criminal prosecutions in state courts.

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The Equal Protection clause is part of the 14th amendment. It provides that no state shall deny to any person within their jurisdiction. Equal protection of the laws.

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A court justice stating that anyone deserves a fair trial with an attorney and understand their rights and the right against self-incrimination before police start questioning.

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A supreme court case that stated having black and white children be separated is unconstitutional.

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A supreme court case that had stated that prayer in school as a group was unconstitutional.

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A constitutional doctrine through the first amendments of the constitution are made applicable to the states because of the Due Process clause of the 14th Amendment.

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Free speech using some sort of symbolic way of telling it. An Example is flag burning, or even cross burning.

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A case in which racial quota was too high in the University of California and Allan Bakke was receiving reversed discrimination because the minority got more when they needed equal protection. This violated the 14th Amendment and the Supreme Court dubbed it unconstitutional.

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a reason that makes sense to arrest a person or press charges legally.

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Enforced separation of race by the law.

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People that are marked by race or national origin that are allowed equal protection by the law.

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Speaking out of an idea by using behavior. A parade would represent Speech Plus, or protesting.

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Prosecution to a person, for the same offense twice.

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Fair treatment through the judicial system, mostly to citizen's entitlement.

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A clause in the 1st amendment in the US Constitutional that does not allow the action of religion by congress.

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It is a law that does not allow the use of illegally obtained evidence in a criminal trial.