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Chad found the neutron in the nucleus and that it has NO charge. THis solved the missing mass of the atom problem because the electron helps balance out protons in the nucleus.

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Milikan used an oil drop experiment to determine the charge of a single electron. He discovered an electron has a charge of -1, and its mass is .00054 -amu.
-proton 1 amu
-neutron 1 amu

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Thompson identified the electron. He experimented by testing and studying the nature of electric discharge in a high vacuum cathode- ray tube. He said electrons were negative surrounded by a bunch of positive stuff. JJ called his model the plum pudding model(chocolate chip cook)

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Ruth made a pretty important discovery, he discovered the nucleus by shooting positive alpha particles at gold foil, thus creating the “Gold Foil Experement.” When he shot the particles into the foil and most went through but some reflected back which caused him to discover the nucleus and that its in the center of the atom. Also found that the atom is mostly empty space and that electrons surround the nucleus.

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The “Father of the Atomic Theory”. Dalton agreed with Democritus that all matter was made of atoms, which he also agreed that they were indestructable. He also stated that atoms have the same mass and chemical properties, also that all atoms of different elements are different. And lastly he stated that atoms in a chemical reaction combine in definite whole number ration to make isotopes.

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It all started with Democritus and his proposal that all matter, including time and space, was made of small units called atoms. This means that if all matter is made of atoms then it is indivisible. Before his idea he disagreed with Aristotle‘s idea that everything is made of either Earth, Wind, Fire, and Water.