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Inspectorates
An inspectorate job is to evaluate government organisations like the police service. also the inspectorates are run by the government as well and was made to let the public know of any issues within that particular departments. HM Inspectorate of Constabulary individually assess the runnng of the police service and policing, and judging the actions they take and questioning them as if the public were doing it. With the information they collect they then publish it for the public allow comparison of forces.

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An inspectorate makes sure that the regulations and rules are being obeyed and that they are running places properly and that the people involved are being cared for.
for example, HM inspectorate of prisons inspect the prisons in England and Wales, it is a independent inspectorate which reports the conditions they find and the treatment of those within the prisons .
They have currently found that within prisons the care for elderly prisoners is inconsistent and that the prisons are failing to plan for the elderly prisoners future and that the population is only growing.
Many jails are ill-equipped for prisoners with disabilities.

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An inspectorate runs inspections to make sure certain places are being run properly and that people are being cared for

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Regional Government: The Regional government no longer exists In the UK and the decision to abolish it was taken after the spending review in March 2010. Regional governments were responsible for thing such as regional planning, which involves reviewing regional planning and transport strategies as well as the development and monitoring of the strategies. Regional housing, this is where the government required them to make recommendations on where the housing priorities were in their area. Finally, they were responsible for the accountability of their region, this includes ensuring that regional agencies are developing and enforcing laws of the central government.

The main reason regional governments were put into place was to reduce bureaucracy (where important decisions are made by state officials rather than elected individuals) from the central government and therefore transfer more power to the councils and communities around England. Regional governments were put into place to make it easier for the government to keep their control as there are more authorities which are distributed across England. There were eight regional governments across England, these governments were structured so that the regional assembles could have managed the local people’s needs, this would have made it easier to manage and therefore report back to the central government If the people are unhappy due to regulations or laws. This is a faster and more efficient way of resolving any problems there may be in the region as the problem may be able to get resolved straight away instead of taking it up with higher authorities as the first option.

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Inspectorates, otherwise known as HMIs are set up and ran by the government to ensure that the running of public services are kept at an appropriate standard for the safety of the public.
An example of an inspectorate in the UK would be the HMICFRS their role is to assess the way fire and rescue services around the country are being ran and to monitor their effectiveness and efficiency while carrying out their services. it is in the public interest that the fire and rescue services are being run at the highest standard possible to keep the public safe. once they have been assessed they will be given a report which will inform them what changes they need to put into place to make the service better

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Inspectorates- this is an organisation where they hire inspectors to visit places to check if they are following the rules and everything is in good condition.
An example of an inspectorate would be the HM crown prosecution. They try to encourage the quality of juctice, they also make an assessment which will lead to improving the fairness and effectiveness of it. They can employ legal inspectors, business management inspectors and corporate staff. They submit their annul report to Attorney General which is then after passed onto the parliament.

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Beth- Regional Government is to help develop transport strategies and review the regional planning. The regional Government are one of the assemblies that have obtained power within the UK, their thoughts, views and ideas are effective in how England should be run.
The regional Government has 4 main roles this includes regional planning- this is mostly transport.
Regional housing- this is to make sure that there are enough housing areas.
Policy development- to ensure that everyone’s voice is heard.
Accountability- this will check the work demands and regional development in the area.
Freya- The main regional assemblies which the UK have are; The Scottish Parliament, the Welsh Assembly and Northern Ireland Assembly. In each assembly 70% of the members are elected form the Local Authorities and 30% are from businesses or volunteers groups or organisations. Their aim is to transfer power to communities and councils across the UK.

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Ministry of health and social care -  The department of health and social care is a department of Her Majesty's government that is responsible for government policy on health and adult social care matters in England. It is located in the Magistrate department in London. They also help nations so that they can live healthier and longer lives, overall improving life expectancy. It oversees the National Health Service (NHS).
It develops policies and guidelines to improve the quality of care to patients and to meet patient expectations

Ministry of Defence - The Ministry Of Defence is the British government department that is responsible for implementing the defence policy that was set by Her Majesty's government and it is the headquarters of the British Armed Forces. It is made p of different services for example Army, Navy, RAF. They work separately and together to eliminate any potential threats. The MOD state that its main objective is to protect Britain and Northern Ireland but to also strengthen peace and stability internationally. The department also deals with the day-to-day  running of the Armed Forces, constingency

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The ministry of defence - The ministry of defence are here to protect the United Kingdom, Great Britain and Northern Ireland at home and abroad, they work with allies and partners as much as possible to make sure the armed forces have enough training, resources, equipment and support in order to do their job. The main interests of the Ministry of defence are to strengthen the international peace and stability, they mostly try to protect us through the military such as the Royal Navy, British Army and the Royal Air Force. There main priorities and responsibilities are;
- providing security
- protecting our people
- supporting civil emergency operations in times of crisis
- promoting prosperity
there are also many more things that they do in order to protect us.

The treasury -  The treasury are located and based at No.1 horse guard road in London, they are the Governments economic and finance ministry monitoring and maintain control over public spending and how the money is split between the public services. The money helps to improve facilities, their main role and responsibility is to ensure economic stability and growth in Great Britain.

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The European parliament is located in brussels and made up of 751 members to this day, the reason for the European parliament being created was because after the second world war they wanted to be able to manage economic cooperation soon countries trading with each other became dependant and they kept trading to avoid any conflict.
The European  Parliament has three main powers;
+ The power to legislate
+ The power of the purse
+ The power of democratic super vision
The power to legislate is power that is shared with the council of the European Parliament most decisions are made through a specific procedure which results in the parliament and council adopting the same law, this means that parliament are still able to make amendments to the legislation by going through this specific procedure but there are more important area such as tax legislation where parliament are only allowed to give an opinion whether it can should become the law or not.
The power of the purse is also a power shared with the council, the parliament watch over the spending by the EU and will agree on an annual budget for the EU, there is a regional development fund, social fund, cultural and educational fund etc. that if parliament want something different than others they get the last say in the matter what they say goes, apart from when it comes to spending in agriculture parliament can propose there views but council get the final say.
The power of democratic super vision is where parliament is responsible for supervising all community social activities, they are to set up committees for people to go with inquiries and can investigate certain matters when appropriate, the most crucial role for parliament is supervising the European commission, the commission are there to report activities to the parliament any questions they have are to be either written to them or spoken to them during question time, if two-thirds or more of the parliament vote in favour of a motion of censure against the commission the whole commission are forced to resign.

The European parliament also monitor certain requests between the European Union and other countries that are hoping to join the European Union, once the process as been done for the country to join at the very end parliament has to agree to their membership if they are to join but if parliament say no to their membership they cant join the EU and there will be no appeal against this.

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Devolution is a process where power is transferred from a centralised government organisation to a regional organisation. There are three main elements to a devolved government, they are the transfer of power to another body that is lower down the chain of authority; the geographical move of power from the capital to another town or city, and the transfer o roles and responsibilities of government from central to regional.
A devolved government means that regional assemblies can reflect and take into account cultural and linguistic differences between the regionand the central government, but establishing regional assemblies are very expensive, and they lack the decision making experiences compared to central government.

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Freya Leivers (C)- government departments 

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Freya Leivers (C)- government departments 

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Department of the Home Office- the home office department is run by Sajid Javid (home secretary). They control immigrations, passports, housing and drugs in medication. the home office works with 30 different groups and departments. the home office is responsible for the fire, police and rescue services. the home office was reduced in 2007 as Tony Blair said 'it wasn't fit for purpose'. The home office related to the services as their goals are to reduce terrosism, control migration, cut crime and the harm it causes, and to manage civil services.
Common Wealth department- the common wealth is an intergovernmental organisation which has 53 members of state such as Papua New Guinea, Kenya, Ghana and Jamaica. the common wealth help strengthen governance, promote justice and human rights, an to build inclusive institutions. at a common wealth summit they bring together governments leaders who's decisions will have an impact on all citizens. by doing this they help to project their voices and achieve collective action on global challenges.

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Gareth Williams Task 1 (C)  - Government Departments

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Gareth Williams Task 1 (C)  - Government Departments

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The Treasury - The treasury are responsible for monitoring the public spending and how everyone's taxes get divided into different areas. Their main purpose is to maintain economic growth and stability in Great Britain. The treasury (HMT) are a ministerial department which are supported by 13 different agencies and public bodies. They are based in London at 1 Horse Guards road.

Department of Health and Social Care - The department of health and social care are responsible for keeping the nation mentally and physically healthy by teaching the public how to look after their bodies, such as maintaining a healthy balanced diet and providing the public with guidelines on how much and how often they should exercise to keep a healthy lifestyle. Not only will this save money for the NHS as less people will need their services due to being generally healthier, it will also improve the nations life expectancy too. The DHSC is located in the magistrates department and are supported by 28 agencies and public bodies.

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Gareth Williams Task 1 (A,B) - Local Authority 

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Gareth Williams Task 1 (A,B) - Local Authority 

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In England there are two main types of local government these are County councils, District, Borough or city councils. Local authorities are split into two tiers because each type of local Authority cater for the peoples needs within the area.

County Councils are responsible for almost all of the main public services this includes transport, education, social care, libraries and waste disposal.

District and Borough Councils are responsible for smaller areas and take responsibility for rubbish collections, recycling,housing and tax collections.

Parish and community councils are responsible for much smaller areas therefore their responsibilities are less significant to the others. they are responsible for crime prevention, managing open spaces i.e parks/allotments and campaigning for the deliverance of improved services and facilities.

Finally there are Councils In Wales and Scotland which are supported by the Scottish and welsh governments. these councils support the local citizens and have a greater understanding about the needs and support their areas needs. Scottish and welsh governments are just like the UK government in the fact that they are responsible for the people in their country.

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House of Commons- in the House of Commons the MP's will debate political issues which will happen on the day and they may have new laws occurring. For the political party to be in power they have to win 326 seats during an election. Some of the responsibilities that the House of Commons have are protecting individuals and many more, controlling finance, scrutiny and making laws.
House of Lords- in the House of Lords there is around  800 members which include life peers which are appointed by the queen. in the House of Lords there are Bishops and archbishops who represent the church of England.
Monarch- the monarch is a head of state of the UK which is Queen Elizabeth the 2nd. the Queen opens new sessions of parliament, they then consolidate the laws generated by the queen which is passed on to the prime minister. the prime mister has the final approval of the laws which are known as Royal Assent.

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In the UK there are three main regional assemblies that have devolved power: the Scottish parliament, the Welsh Assembly, and the Northern Ireland Assembly.
Scottish Parliament- It was established by the Scotland Act 1998 and is empowered to deal with the devolved matters such as Health, Education, Civil and criminal law, Environment, Housing, and Local government. The Scottish Parliament is self contained, allowing them to pass any law with out having to go through Westminster. However the UK parliament still has reserved powers so that they have a say on what would affect the whole of the UK or anything that would have an impact internationally. It is made up of 129 elected Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSP).

The Welsh Assembly- It was established by the Government of of Wales Act 1998 after a Welsh referendum showed a small majority of public support for he idea. Similar to the Scottish Parliament, the Welsh Government deal with Regional issues such as Education, Health,  Housing etc. The Welsh Assembly has 60 members. One difference between to Scottish Parliament and the Welsh Assembly is that Wales doesn't have jurisdiction over its own criminal and civil law due to it being subjected to English law.

The Northern Ireland Assembly- It was created by the Northern Ireland Act 1998. The Act was based off the referendum of the Belfast Agreement. There are 108 members, six representatives from each of the 18 constituencies in Northern Ireland. Same with the Scottish Parliament and the Welsh Assembly they have responsibility of Education, Health, and Agricultural etc. Within the Assembly there are eight political parties representatives. Like other assemblies it has a first minister who is elected by all members and is usually a member of the dominant party any conflict between the parties can lead to an unstable assembly.

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Central government is based in London at the palace of Westmisnter. Within the central government there is a monarch, house of commons and the house of lords, these are all known as parliament. All of these are responsible for making laws, signing treaties or agreements since Brexit.
in the house of commons there are 650 seats which is where the MP's sit. The conservative lost 13 seats in the house of commons- they now no longer have the majority of the vote.
In the house of lords which is made up of 800 lords, these lords then cannot pass down their title to the next generations.
The monarch has the final approval of laws knowns as a royal assent which provides guidance to the Priminister.