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1. Read pages 34-37

2. What is the difference between simple and complex carbohydrates? Find text evidence to support your answer.

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1. Read pages 26-31

2. Compare and contrast natural polymers and synthetic polymers. (Use pages 28-31 to find similarities and differences)

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CONGRATS!

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1. Use pages 38-40

2. Can a person survive without enzymes? Why or why not? Create an ACE response

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1. Read read pages 42-43

2. Do you think the author did a good job wrapping up the book with the conclusion they wrote? Why or why not?

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1. Read pages 21-24

2. According to the text, what would cause a sprinter to suffer from muscle fatigue? After finding a piece of text evidence, explain it.

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1. Preview text and post a prediction. Why did you come up with that prediction?

2. After read pages 4-5.

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1. Read pages 10-14

2. What can the reader conclude about the history of organic compounds?

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1. Use the diagrams from chapters 1 and 2.

2. What can the reader learn from the molecular and structural formulas throughout Chapters 1 and 2?

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1. Read pages 6-9

2. Why is the Bohr model of the carbon atom helpful?

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1. Read pages 18-21

2. Pick 1 section that you read about to summarize in your own words.

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It is helpful because the Bohr model shows that it has 6 portions and neutrons in nucleus. It shows the energy level and visualize what does it looks like and it is easier to understand what they are.

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Prediction - By

looking at the title, I think we are learning about Carbon Chemistry and how every thing we use in our daily lives are made up by carbon chemistry. I see a lot of pictures and captions when I flip threw the pages, which I think it's a non-fiction or informational text. I see a table of contents, glossary and table of contents.

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Prediction: This text is going to be all about carbon and how it is in everything, and how its a key element in a lot of things. I made this prediction because the first pages gave a example of how everything used in soccer is made of carbon. As i flipped through I saw how they talked about carbon compounds as well.

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Its helpful because it gives us a visual and shows us the 6 electrons moving in energy levels around the nucleus, and in the caption it explains how it looks and what it does.

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My predictions is that this text will talk about different situations that relate with Carbon. I think this cause on page 5 it talks about how a soccer game accrues Carbon and if a soccer game has one, many other things should use it too.

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I think the text will be about different things that relate to carbon and chemical reactions because through out the text it shows different atoms coming together and the text has a photo of an explosion on page 20 so I think it will do with carbon and chemical reactions

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prediction after reading: we will learn about different elements of the periodic table and a lot more about science and chemicals

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I can conclude that the definition of carbon compounds changed over time and were found in more than just living things. I say this because in the text it states " when scientists finally synthesized some of these compounds in the laboratory, the definition of compounds changed." Showing how overtime after looking through them they found how any compounds that has carbon can be considered organic.

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Summary of Subsituted Hydrocarbons: Subsituted Hydrocarbons is replaced by many types of atom, or functional group of atoms. It includes , alcohol, ethers, amines and carboxylic which has a strong odors. Alochohols are important because it they cna be changed into many different types of compounds.

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It is helpful because it shows us a picture of carbon and in the caption it kinda explains what the carbon has in the carbon and what it does. The Bohr model helps us visualize the carbon and helps us better understand it.

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the model is helpful because it gives a visual of what Bohr looks like. So we know what the carbon atoms look like. Also the caption helps us know more about the model

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the Bohr model was helpful because it shows us readers a visual of what the 6 electrons are supposed to look like and the caption explains what the Bohr model is.

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I can conclude that organic compounds are most abudent substances on Earth. Back ago, scientist thought that organic compounds are only used in livinf things like plants, animals and humans, but now, centuries later, scientists concluded that almots all things on earth are almost made up of organic compounds.

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A reader can conclude about the history of organic compounds is the definition of organic compounds changed over time. I know this because they said that scientist in the past only though organic compounds came from living things and that they had a life source in them but to this day any compound with carbon is organic so the scientist thoughts have changed over time.

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I can conclude that organic compounds the definition of carbon compounds changed over time. I know this because in the text it says" When scientist finally synthesized some of these compounds in the laboratory,the definition of organic compounds changed." This supports that the definition changed because the evidence shows that after some tests the thoughts they had on carbon compounds were not true and there thoughts changed.

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as the reader I can infer about the history of organic compounds that over a lot of time the definition has changed because of scientist. in the text it says "when scientist finally synthesized some of these compounds in the laboratory the definition of organic compound changed. today almost any compound containing carbon can be considered organic."

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R/A: A person cannot survive without enzymes.

C: On page 39, it's said "Enzymes are proteins that speed up the rate at which chemical reactions take place. Scientists have identified thousands of different enzymes in the human body. All of the enzymes needed for digestion are produced within your body."

E: This shows me that enzymes are a very important type of proteins that helps to digest foods. It is important to digest food because humans need to release energy in their body. It helps the body to provide the sustained energy needed for many activities. Therefor, without enzymes, people would not have enough energy to survive and provide energy to other parts of their body.

S: To sum up, I think a person can not survive without enzymes.

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I think the author did a good job wrapping up a book becuase I really liked the title "CARBON in YOUR WORLD" - it showed me that almost everything on earth is made out of carbon compounds. Also, I like how the author restated and reminded the reader about the soccer game. ON the last 2 sentence of the paragraph it's said 'Carbon compounds give us the ability to live and grow. Carbon truly us an essential element of life!" This shows me and remind the reader about we learned about carbon compounds.

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hydrocarbons: Hydrocarbon is a molecule that only has hydrogen and oxygen and when they are natural and burned they make a great fuel. A example of a hydrocarbon is an aromatic hydrocarbon which normally has strong odors and is found in glues, fabric and sometimes even food. A hydrocarbon is called a hydrocarbon because the word hydro refers to hydro atoms and carbon refers to carbon atoms.

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Hydrocarbon is a molecule that has only two elements which are Hydrogen and Carbon. Hydrocarbon is one of the best sources for burnt energy. Aromatic Hydrocarbon is apart of the Hydrocarbons but they tend to have strong smell which sometimes can be dangerous to inhale.

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Hydrocarbons, what are they? well, hydrocarbons in a molecule that has the elements hydrogen and carbon, so, like in propane and butane,it's normally used for fuel since it makes a great source of energy when burned,

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Hydrocarbons are molecules that contain only carbon and hydrogen,sometimes in hydrocarbons one or more hydrocarbons are substituted by a different type of atom., One example of a substitute for Hydrocarbons is alcohol.

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in substituted hydrocarbons it talks about how hydro carbons can be replaced by different types of atoms like alcohol amines ethers and carboxylic these atoms can be used one or more at a time for a subsitute

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Natural Polymer: A example of N.P. could be Silk which is one of the most amazing types of polymer and it is produced by silkworms, Natural Polymers are produced by living things from natural processes.

Synthetic Polymer: A example of a S.P. is plastic, because it is produced/made by people and it doesn't occur in nature.

Similar: they both involve carbon because on page 26 the author states "Almost all polymers contain carbon." This shows how they both have carbon.

Difference: Natural polymer is produced in/from nature, while Synthetic polymer is made by people and isn't made/created from or in nature.

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In the caption on page 24 it states " A carboxylic acid known as Lactic acid is formed in muscles during strenuous physical activity. Lactic acid causes muscle fatigue." This shows how because of the acid forming in our muscles it causes us to have muscle ache.

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We can learn that some types of carbon compounds can have the same molecular formula but the the structure and way they are built are different, a example of this is isomers like butane and isobutane have the same molecular formula but have different structures. And other types of carbon compounds like hydrocarbons have different molecular and structural formulas, some of which could be ethanol and methanol they have different structures and don't have the same amount of hydrogen and oxygen.

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Simple Carbohydrates and Complex Carbohydrates are different because S.C. is a smaller molecules, while C.C. are larger molecules. Another difference is that since the S.C. are so small they are not digested or if they are to be digested they are digested very fast/quickly, But since C.C. are larger they are digested very very slowly. I say this because in the text on page 35 the author states "Simple Carbohydrates- Because they are so small, they are either absorbed without being digested or are digested very quickly." And it states " Complex Carbohydrates- Because they are larger molecules, they are digested more slowly..." This shows how because of they're size they are digested differently, It also says "Simple Carbohydrates- Carbohydates that are relatively small molecules made up of one or two monomers." And it says "Complex Carbohydrates- Other carbohydrates are made up of many monomers.". This shows the S.C. consists of one or two monomers while C.C. consists of may monomers, the certain amount of monomers dictate the size of the molecules,

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Enzymes: they are proteins that speed up chemical reactions happen, and greatly affect our life.

No, because if we were to eat food and digest it, it would stay in our stomach without enzymes. If we didn't have enzymes most of the chemical reactions in our body would move to slowly for our body to work. I say this because in the text on page 39 it states "there are hundreds of thousands of chemical reactions taking place in your body. Most of these reactions would proceed much too slowly for your body to work properly if it were not for enzymes." This shows how without enzymes we will or would have several problems in our body like moving or digestion. And in 2 captions it stated "Enzymes are involved in every stage of digestion. Without exymes, a meal would stay in the stomach for a very long time." It also says "All chemical processes in the body, including respiration, requires enzymes to occur." This shows how enzymes affect our life daily. Therefore, without enzymes we would/could/might/will struggle with a lot of bodily functions that we do everyday.

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Yes, because they recapped what they talked about throughout the text, how they affect our lives positively and it had a cyclical ending. They also wanted us to know after reading the text that EVERYTHING is made of carbon compounds. And repeated how in the beginning he talked about soccer and what's used in it is made of carbon compounds.

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On page 24 the text feature says" Lactic acid causes muscle fatigue" This is how I know that Lactic acid causes muscle fatigue because it says that in the text.

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In the text it's saids "A carboxylic acids known as lactic acid is formed in muscles during strenuous physical activity. Latic acid causes muscle fatigue." in the caption. This shows me that acids cause a muscle to suffered from the fatigue.

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In the text it states "A carboxylic acid known as lactic acid is form in muscles during strenuous physical activity. Lactic acid causes muscle fatigue." This is basically saying that an organic compound also known as a lactic forms in the muscle during different sports and lactic can cause a muscle fatigue (I think it is when you get a muscle ache)

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something that would cause sprinters muscle fatigue is lactic acid. in the caption on page 24 it says " a carboxylic known as lactic acid is formed in muscles during strenuous physical activity lactic acid causes muscle fatigue."

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The diagram on page 13 helps the reader learn the different structures in molecule. The diagram about Propan C3H8 shows me that the structural formula for propane that are arrangement of the atoms. between two atoms. I could understand from the 2 captions and the diagram. Also, on page 23, the diagram shows a different grouped form of molecules (but all of them are made up with same kinds of molecules) The Propane has 3 carbon atoms lineed up together in the middle, and 8 hydrogen atoms around it, but the others like Dimethly Ether is made up of 2 Carbon, 6 hydrogen and 1 organic compounds, Methlymaine has 1 carbon, 1 nydrogen, and 5 hydrogen, Diethly Ether has 10 hydrogen, 1 organic compounds, and 4 corbon, and lastly, Dimethlamine has 7 hydrogen, 2 Carbon and 1 organic copounds. Overall, I can understand the molecules or atom can not be broken down, but can be rearranged into different shape and different groups. The reader can understand that molecular formula is when the group of arrange ment is different but the chemicals used is the same even the grouping can vary.

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Molecular and structural are different because structural formulas are when they are made up of the same carbon atoms but rearranged differently but still have the same amount of carbon atoms and for molecular formulas is when they have the same type of carbon atoms but with a different amount of the carbon atoms. They diagrams help me know this cause when I observe I notice that they either have the same type of carbon atoms but use different amounts and they either show us that they have the same type and amount of carbon atoms but just in a different shape/form. So the diagrams help us observe and notice the molecular and structural formulas.

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The reader can learn from the diagrams throughout chapters 1 and 2 by how some carbon compounds can have the same molecular formula but different structural formulas like on page 14 when it gives a example of Butane and Isobutane, they have the same molecular formula but different structural formula. Also in the diagrams in chapters 1 and 2, it also shows how they can have the same molecule but different amounts of atoms,like Methane and Ethane. They both have the same atoms in them but methane has 1 carbon and 4 hydrogen, and Ethane has 2 carbon and 6 hydrogen.

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YAYAYAYAYAYYAY FINALLY!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

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Similarities: Both of the Polymers are produced by something and they are used in many ways and is also one of the amazing Polymers in the world. Both of them are discovered long time ago, because on page 29, the caption about the silkwarms and it told me that it was discovered 4,500 years ago in China and on page 30 ,its said that Synthetic Poleymers were discovered thousand of years ago. They are both Polymers which is a large molecule made up of small units.

Differences:

Natural Polymers- They are naturally made up from living things like silkworms, mulberry leaves, turtle's shells and ani,also like lobsters and spiders.

Synthetic Polymers- They are discovered and produced by humans and not naturally, for example, plastic bottles and bag.

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Simple carbonhydrates are made up of small molecuels of 1 or 2 monmers and it can be absorbed quickly without being digusted. In the text on page 35 it's said "Because they are small, they are either absorbed without being digested of are digested very quickly. They cause fast canges in gloucose levels in the blood" This shows me that simple carbonhydrates are quickly digusted and cause fast changeds in blood.For example it includes candies, table suger and sweetend soft drinks.

Complex Carbonhydrates are made up of many monmers unlike simple carbonhydrates and they are digested slowly over a period of time. On page 35, in the second pargarph it's siads "Because they are large molecules, they are digusted more slowly and the enrgy is released in a constant manner. These are alled complex carbonhydrates. Complex Carbonhydrates provide the susrtained snergy needed for the sthletic activities." This shows me that complex carbinhydrates digust slowly and it releases in constant manner. for example complex carbonhydrates includes grain breads, oats, brown rice, and pastas.

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A compare of the two polymers can have many of the same thing like resist chemicals when they are changed, not contacting heat or electricity, small and light but very strong, and can be rearranged in many different forms. A difference is one polymer are made from nature like animals,plants,land and many bugs and animals make some of the best natural polymers. Then the other polymers are made from scientist I labs for thousands of years. They are made by humans and used by humans almost everyday.

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Natural and synthetic polymers are similar because they both are large molecules that are made up of smaller units. They are also similar because they both are made by a process by some thing. They are different because one is natural because natural polymers are made by natural sources and are not many made. But synthetic polymers are made in the laboratory and are not natural.

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a similarity between natural polymers and synthetic polymers is they're both a kind of polymers, buy one is made naturally in the wild, like in turtle shells, rather than the other, the synthetic being made in a factory. a couple more similarities are that both are used in a handful of helpful things, like synthetic polymers are used for ropes, plastic containers,

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natural polymers come from natural things like the cocoons of silk worms while synthetic polymers come from a laboratory plastic is made from synthetic polymer. synthetic and natural polymers are similar because

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A difference with simple and complex carbohydrates is that simple carbohydrates give you lots of energy for not a long time and since they are small they digest very quickly. Complex carbohydrates are big and give you energy for sports and digest slowly since they are big. In the text its states "If you eat simple carbohydrates, you receive a quick burst of energy that runs out after a short period of time." and it states "Complex carbohydrates provide the sustained energy needed for athletic activities."

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Simple and complex carbohydrates are different because simple carbohydrates digests and gives you a quick boost in energy and complex carbohydrates give you a longer boost of energy. on page 35 the author says" If you eat simple carbohydrates, you receive a quick burst of energy that runs out after a short period of time." This shows me that simple carbohydrates give you a quick blood in energy. also on page 35 it says" Complex carbohydrates provide a sustained energy needed for athletic activity." This show me that this gives you a longer and more sustainable energy source. This is how I know that the different carbohydrates give you different amount of energy

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the difference between simple and complex carbohydrates is that the simple carbohydrates are consumed without even realizing or can be digested fairly quick and increases our glucose levels in our blood.("because they are so small, they are either absorbed without being digested very quickly") on the other hand complex carbohydrates are made of many monomers and since they are large molecules and will get digested much more slower. ("because they are larger molecules, they are digested more slowly and the energy is released in a constant manner")

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A person cannot survive without enzymes because enzymes help you digest food in all stages. So if you don't have enzymes your food would still digest just a lot slower. But if you still are eating and your foods no digesting then you probably will not survive very long. On page 39 the author says" Most of these reactions would happen much to slowly for your body to properly work if not for enzymes. This tells me that if we didn't have enzymes then our body could not properly work and that we would probably not survive.

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No because enzymes help digest your food quickly. If you do not have enzymes, your food will not digest and the food will be in your stomach for a very long time and you can probably die. In the text it states "Enzymes are involved in every stage of digestion. Without enzymes, a meal would stay in the stomach for a very long time." This shows that you need enzymes to survive cause the food will not digest quickly without them and if the meals stay in your stomach for a long time and be damaging to your body and therefore you can end up dying.

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A:a person cannot survive without enzymes.

C: "Most of these reactions would proceed much too slowly for your body to work properly if it were not for enzymes. Enzymes are proteins that speed up the rate at which chemical reactions take place."

E: the author explains in this sentence how we wont be able to process properly and how slow our body will work without enzymes.

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I think the author did a good job with the conclusion because he listed a bunch in the conclusion that carbon compounds are everything and make an important impact on our lives depending on the different types of carbon compounds.

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I think that the author did a good job wrapping up the text because they went back to the beginning of the text talking about the soccer game. Also they were repetitive with giving examples about carbon compounds and how a lot of things are made up of carbon compounds but also showing that there are different types of carbon compounds that are used for different things.

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I think the author did a good job on wrapping up the text because he did cyclical ending by talking about what he stated in the beginning about the soccer game and he made A catchy title in the end "Carbon in your world"

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I think that the author did a good job wrapping up the book and summing up the conclusion because he used a cyclical ending, I like how much they wanted to really wanted to make this paragraph about how carbon compounds are everywhere and because they brought up the beginning soccer game to give us an example on how carbon compounds are everywhere!