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First a penguin lays an egg.

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Penguin partners usually take turns keeping the egg warm, which is called incubating. The larger the egg the longer the penguin must sit on it. Incubation time will vary between 32 days and 68 days. Parents will take turn and usually the "shifts" last between 6-18 days so the other parent can go out and forge.

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Penguin chicks will first make small hole in the egg and begin to chip away at the rest of the shell. It can take nearly 3 whole days once the penguin begins hatching to fully come all the way out. When they come out their feathers are soft and downy.

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The chick must grow waterproof feathers. Therefore, it can't enter the sea until it grows waterproof feathers. After these weatherproof feathers grow the fledging is independent. It will be able to dive and swim by it self.

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Once a penguin is independent they spend half their time on land and half their time in the sea. They take a few years to find a mate and then have lay their own egg. Penguins can live up to 20 years old!