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In 1776 Thomas Paine wrote and published the "Common Sense". The pamphlet argued for American Independence and for a new America. The New America would have liberty from the region in Europe and the new America would be a way to start over without Europe.

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The first acts of citizenship are passed which allowed free white people who were considered good to be able to live in America. The people applying for citizenship had to have lived in the United States for 2 years before they were eligible for citizenship. The act was called the Naturalization Act and if nonwhite residents of America didn't apply for citizenship and got accepted the nonwhite residents would be denied constitution rights.

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August 1790 is when the the first census for the United States took place. The data from the census had been that English were the largest ethnic group which was among the 3.9 million people who were counted. The other data as that one in five accounted American had been from African American heritage.

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1815 is when peace was established between Britain and the United States. The peace was re established after the war of 1812. This is also when the immigrants started to rush in from western Europe to America. One third of the immigrants were Irish and about 5 million immigrants were German, all had came to America between 1820-1860.

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Immigrants arriving during this time period had been either sick or dying because of the conditions on the ships. The immigrants had been over-flooding the New York City, Philadelphia, and Boston ports which is why the United states passed the Steerage act of 1819. The act was for their to be better conditions on ships arriving to America. The act also made it where captains of the ships had to record information on the immigrant passengers.

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1849 is when the backlash to immigrants started as the "Know-Nothing party" had been created and they were an anti-immigrant party. The party formed because of the increase of German and Irish immigrants.

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1875 was when states started to pass their own laws for immigration. But the Supreme Court had came out and declared that the federal government were responsible for creating and enforcing immigration laws.

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1880 was when the 2nd wave of immigrants came to America. Between 1880-1920 there had been about 20 million immigrants who arrived to America. This time the immigrants mainly came from southern, eastern, and central Europe. During the second wave their had been about 2 million Jewish immigrants and 4 million Italian immigrants.

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The Chinese Exclusion Act had been passed in 1882 which prevented Chinese immigrants from entering the country for about 10 years. This act was passed because many Chinese immigrants had agricultural jobs and the Americans had gotten upset because they blamed the Chinese immigrants for low wages. This act was important because this was the first time a certain immigrant group had restrictions.

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Following the Chinese Exclusion Act, the 1891 act was passed which put more restrictions on the immigrants arriving in the United States. The act prevented immigrants of certain crimes, immigrants who were sick or had diseases, and immigrants who were polygamists. The act had more restrictions as Immigration officers and inspectors were stationed at ports.

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Ellis Island was the first immigration station, the station had opened up on New York Harbor. Over time time period of 1892-1954 there had been nearly over 12 million immigrants, the very first immigrant that was processed was Annie Moore. Annie had been a teenager from Ireland in 1892.

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Immigration had peaked during this time as 1.3 million immigrants entered from the new center Ellis Island.