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Leonardo was famous for various reasons, the most recognizable one being the "Mona Lisa" or the "Last Supper". But he was also well known for his anatomy. He made many important discoveries, such as the first accurate depiction of the human spine. he dissected many bodies to better understand the human anatomy. Da Vinci was also an inventor, one of his most famous inventions was the "Flying Machine", inspired by the flight of winged animals. Leonardo da Vinci serves as a role model (applying the scientific method) to every aspect of life, especially including art and music.

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Montesquieu was born into a wealthy family in France, later went to college and studied science and history. He eventually became a lawyer in the local government. He gained fame in1721 for "Persian Letters", In the "Persian Letters" he criticized the lifestyle of the wealthy French and the liberties as well as the church. His most famous work "On the Spirit of Laws" published in 1748, outlined his ideas on how he thinks the government would work the best. He best believed that a government elected by the people was the best form of government, but he also believed that the success of a democracy depended on how they maintain the right balance of power. He thought it was important to create separate branches of government with different powers but equal. His politics and work (separation of powers) helped shape the democratic government.

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Louis was a french chemist and he discovered that heat can kill germs (in liquids), it can prevent bacterial growth and foodborne illnesses. He experimented in different ways, his research showed that the reason for the spoiling of beverages was because of the growth of micro-organisms. Knowing this, he invented a process where liquids like milk were heated to kill most of the mold and bacteria that was already present. Him and another scientist completed the first test in 1862 (April 20th), this later was known as "pasteurization". Because of this study and tests in germs, Louis encouraged doctors especially to sanitize their equipment and hands before performing surgery. Without Pasteur, we would probably have discovered these things way later in history and put more people in danger.

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The Treaty of Versailles was signed by Germany and the Allied Nations. The terms of the treaty that were required were that Germany pay financial reparations, disarm, lose territory, and give up of its overseas colonies. This treaty marked the end of the political struggle that was global surrounding the WWI. It gave Germany new boundaries, and compensated the war debts of the Allied powers that had built up in the war.

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Political changes in East Europe and Germany, put pressure on the government to loosen up about the rules to travel to West Germany. At a press conference, the East German spokesman Günter Schabowski, announced that the East Germans would be free to travel to West Germany. But he was planning to keep some regulations in place and failed to mention or clarify. Some media inaccurately reported that the border had been opened up for the people to cross, so many people came to the border and gathered at the checkpoints on both sides of the wall. People crossed the border anyway (unrestricted) and came together. The Fall of the Berlin Wall was the first step towards German reunification. Without the Fall of the Berlin Wall, they would've had to stop the reforms and if that were to happen, then the Cold War probably would've continued to happen.

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the renaissance was a very important and impactful on our art culture and history. The Renaissance started in Italy and spread to other cities, partly because of the history of Rome and the Roman Empire. Another reason it began in Italy was because they were a very wealthy country and was willing to spend money on their artists. Because of the fall of the Roman Empire, people considered the renaissance the "coming out of the dark" time. They had lost a lot of what they had learned, and it was a rebirth of education, literature, art, music, and science. The renaissance was a time where people started to really understand their art and what they can do to make it more realistic and impactful. This period cultivated a new change in our culture, art, and knowledge.