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New Orleans was important because it was an outlet for trade from the West, and its importance led to the Louisiana Purchase.

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It served as a trading post between Europe and Native American tribes.

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A major colonial port, a focal point for the American Revolution and the Civil War

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Where the Declaration of Independence was adopted and the US Constitution was drafted

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The first permanent English settlement in North America

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The first military engagements of the Revolutionary War which took place in Massachusetts. After an initial clash in Lexington, the British advanced to Concord, where more fighting occurred.

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The first military engagements of the Revolutionary War which took place in Massachusetts. After an initial clash in Lexington, the British advanced to Concord, where more fighting occurred.

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Saratoga (September 19, October 7, 1777)

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Saratoga (September 19, October 7, 1777)

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A series of battles that marked a turning point in the Revolutionary War. It led to a major British defeat and the surrender of their army, which convinced France to ally with the Americans.

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Saratoga (September 19, October 7, 1777)

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Famous as the site of the decisive Revolutionary War battle where British General surrendered to George Washington and the French forces.

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The vast Louisiana Purchase from France, west of the Mississippi River. It doubled the size of the country and provided a basis for westward expansion.

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A boundary set up as part of the Missouri Compromise (slave state). New states formed North of it would be free, while states south could permit slavery. It cut the land from the Louisiana Purchase into North and South states.

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The state named after the indigenous Missouria tribe, and landmark of the Missouri Compromise

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Part of the Missouri Compromise, a free state.

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Constructed from 1817 to 1825, it connected the Atlantic to the Great Lakes and helped with commerce and westward expansion.

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Slave States that remained in the Union during the Civil War

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Slave States that remained in the Union during the Civil War

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Slave States that remained in the Union during the Civil War

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Slave States that remained in the Union during the Civil War

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Slave States that remained in the Union during the Civil War

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Fort Sumter National Monument, South Carolina

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The Confederate attack on the Union-held fort in Charleston Harbor, marked the beginning of the American Civil War.

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Battle of Gettysburg First Shot Marker, Chambersburg Road, Gettysburg, PA

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A three-day battle in the Civil War, where the Confederate assault on the final day failed

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A violent conflict in the Kansas Territory between pro-slavery and anti-slavery settlers, largely due to the Kansas-Nebraska Act

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A coup detat and massacre that was carried out by white supremacists that resulted in the violent overthrow of the locally elected government.

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The ceremonial spike driven to complete the first transcontinental railroad

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the primary U.S. immigration station from 1892 to 1954

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Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Memorial, Washington Place, New York, NY

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A deadly industrial disaster in New York City on March 25, 1911, that killed 146 garment workers, most of them young immigrant women

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In U.S. history, Hawaii's story is defined by its transformation from a sovereign kingdom to a U.S. territory and finally to the 50th state

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The archipelago in Southeast Asia that became an American territory after the U.S. defeated Spain in the Spanish-American War in 1898

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In U.S. history, Puerto Rico is an unincorporated territory of the United States in the Caribbean, acquired from Spain in 1898 after the Spanish-American War.

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In U.S. history, Alaska refers to the territory purchased from Russia in 1867 and its subsequent path to becoming the 49th state in 1959

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The devastating surprise attack by the Japanese navy on the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on December 7, 1941.

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the French region where Allied forces, including a significant American contingent, launched the massive D-Day invasion on June 6, 1944,

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Battle of Okinawa in 1945, a brutal WWII campaign that resulted in the island's capture by US forces and its subsequent use as a major military base. After the war, the US occupied Okinawa until 1972, when it was returned to Japan

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the Japanese city where the United States dropped the world's first atomic bomb on August 6, 1945, during World War II.

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post-WWII role in a divided Germany, famously supplying West Berlin via the Berlin Airlift (1948-49) to counter the Soviet blockade, making it a symbol of freedom against communism. U.S. troops, like the Berlin Brigade, asserted access rights and supported West Berliners through the tense Cold War, especially after the Berlin Wall went up in 1961

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America's prolonged, controversial military involvement (c. 1955-1975) to stop communist North Vietnam from taking over South Vietnam, driven by Cold War containment policy

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Cuba became a focal point of US-Soviet tension after Fidel Castro's 1959 revolution overthrew the US-backed Batista dictatorship, pushing Cuba into the Soviet sphere due to US hostility, leading to the iconic 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis when Soviet nuclear missiles in Cuba nearly triggered a nuclear war

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In the Cold War, Turkey became a crucial U.S. ally and NATO anchor due to its strategic location bordering the Soviet Union, serving as a bulwark against communism in the Middle East.

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The Inchon Landing (Operation Chromite) in September 1950 was a pivotal, daring amphibious assault by U.S. and UN forces during the Korean War, masterminded by General Douglas MacArthur, that dramatically reversed the war's tide by landing behind North Korean lines, recapturing Seoul, and disrupting enemy supply chains, showcasing America's commitment to containment during the early Cold War and securing South Korea's future.

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World Trade Center, Manhattan, New York, NY

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Coordinated terrorist attacks on September 11, where militants from an Islamic extremist group hijacked four US airliners, crashing into the World Trade Center and the Pentagon.

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A landmark global treaty to protect Earth's ozone later by phasing out ozone-depleting substances.

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A landmark international treaty that set legally binding targets for developed countries to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions.

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Controversial detention camp established in 2002 for "enemy combatants" after 9/11, symbolizing legal ambiguity, human rights abuses, and indefinite detention outside US law.

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A fundamentalist Islamic militia and political movement that has controlled much of Afghanistan, known for enforcing a strict interpretation of Islamic law and governing through extreme social restrictions.