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(1857) The Supreme Court ruled that an individual whose ancestors were imported into the US and sold as a slaves, whether they were enslaved or free, could not be an American citizen, and therefore could not sue in court.

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(1865) The 13th Amendment to the US constitution abolished both slavery and involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for a crime that was justly convicted.

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(1868) The 14th Amendment granted citizenship to all people "born or naturalized in the US" including former slaves, and also provided all citizens with "equal protection under the laws", which extended the Bill of Rights to the states. Overturned the 3/5ths compromise.

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(1870) Prohibits the federal or state governments to deny rights of citizens to be denied rights to votes based on race, color or previous condition of servitude. It granted African Americans the right to vote.

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(1876 - 1965) Laws passed by Southern State to try and preserve segregation and prevent African American men from voting, through things like poll taxes and literacy tests. Enforced segregation occurred in transportation, entertainment, business, and education.

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(1896) A test case organized by the African American Community to challenge Louisiana's Jim Crown Laws. In the ruling, the Supreme Court declared that racial segregation is constitutional as long as the facilities are separate but equal.

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(1920) This amendment gave woman the right to vote.

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(1954) Landmark Supreme Court decision that ruled that US state laws allowing racial segregation in public schools are unconstitutional, even if they are 'separate but equal'.

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(1957) Before nine African American students integrated into Central High School, the Governor called in the Arksansas National Guard to prevent the students from entering

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(1964) A landmark civil rights and labor law that outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, and nationality. Allowed the attorney general to sue school districts that failed to desegregate.

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(1965) Legislation outlawing literacy tests and allowing the Justice Department to have officers register voters in places that do not cooperate.

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(1967) Policy designed to make up for previous discrimination, by giving special privilege to individuals based on characteristic like race and gender.

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(1973) Landmark decision where the Supreme Court ruled woman have the right to choose to have an abortion.

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(1978) Landmark ruling where the Supreme Court found that any university's admissions criteria that used rate as a definite/exclusive basis for admission was unconstitutional.