# data[].attributes.body
Communication plays such a big part in our lives today. It is hard to think of a single activity that we engage in that doesn’t involve communication in some way. In our busy world, we sometimes forget just how important communications are to our success, relationships, and, ultimately, happiness in life.

# data[].attributes.body
1. What are the elements involved in a communication process?
2. Describe the process involved in a communication.

# data[].attributes.body
There are many types of business letters. Some impart good news and some give negative news. What are the examples of good news letters? What about examples of negative news letters? In writing business letters, you need to understand the type of letter you are writing, then decide on what kind of strategy you will be using. There are 2 strategies: Direct and indirect

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
How do you communicate with your peers, colleagues, employers, and friends?

Do you ever stop and think about it?

Generally speaking, there are two ways to communicate with people: direct and indirect. You've probably heard of these terms before, but perhaps you are still confused about when and how to use these styles.

In this article we will look at both of them, and we will discuss and demonstrate which are the best approaches to use in a business environment, when and how.

Direct approach

Let's start with the most straightforward one, the direct approach.
I need your support in finding appropriate material for the next lesson. Do you know of any articles or videos I can use? The topic is "Renewable energy in a changing word". Anxious to get started... Thanks for your help,
In this email, Alex is using the direct approach: he states his request directly, because it's a neutral message. I am not going to get offended or upset when reading his email - quite the opposite, I'd say - therefore he has not need to hide the real purpose of his email.

When to use the direct approach, then? When messages have neutral or positive intentions, when making a simple request, when giving directions/orders, when requesting an action.

More examples:
You've passed the exam. Congratulations! Graduation on Monday Call Mark to get more information about the project Your new office is on the third floor. Please follow directions given
How to use the direct approach effectively using this simple pattern:

Start with giving your news or making a request; remember to be confident in your delivery, this is usually something the receiver is happy to hear. Follow up with an explanation or extra details, if needed, to clarify the situation. End the message with a friendly remark or a simple statement of action.

Let's look at the email again:

Request: I need your support in finding appropriate material for the next lesson.

Extra details: Do you know of any articles or videos I can use?

Clarification: The topic is "Renewable energy in a changing word"

Action: Anxious to get started...

Friendly remark: Thanks for your help

As you can see, easy and straightforward! Why don't you try and write some examples yourself?

Indirect approach

The indirect approach is a more refined and subtle technique.

Let's look at it using a real-life situation as an example:

You have just got the result of a very important test, and it is not good news. As soon as you get home, your mum asks how it went. What do you do? How would your mum react if you told her you failed using the direct approach? Nevertheless, you cannot lie, but you can soften reality using the indirect approach.
Oh mum, the test! It was actually a very difficult one, half of the class failed it, unfortunately. I was up all night revising, I was so tired and tense and I didn't pass it! But don't be upset, we were given the opportunity to resit the exam in 30 days! Be reassured, I won't fail it this time.
We all know how parents are, by the time you have finished the first sentence, they know bad news are coming. You're not trying to hide the truth, you are preparing them to be disappointed, giving them time, let's say, to take a big breath and control anger.

It works exactly in the same way in a business environment.

But first, let's look at the different elements of the indirect approach:

Buffer: it's neutral information that prepares the listener for what is bound to come, the bad news; in our example it would be Oh mum, the test! It was actually a very difficult one, half of the class failed it, unfortunately.

Reason: people like to know why something happens, offering reasons will make the bad news easier to accept. In our example I was up all night revising, I was so tired and tense...

Bad news: once the listener/reader has been prepared, you can give the bad news. Do it quickly and succinctly, you don't need to dwell on it! ... and I didn't pass it! Simple.

Redirect: you want to move on quickly, and don't bring up again the bad news. Instead, focus on a positive future, more opportunities, good will. In our example, But don't be upset, we were given the opportunity to resit the exam in 30 days! Be reassured, I won't fail it this time.

The structure of the indirect approach is, therefore, pretty simple: buffer, reason, bad news, redirect. It's very important that you follow this scheme in the right order, so to make it 100% effective.

Now let's look at examples of indirect approach in a business environment.

An email to a client: you need to tell them that what they ordered is currently not available. How do you do it? You guessed right, indirect approach.
Thank you for your interest in our product, our new carbon turbine blades. Unfortunately, due to current high demand, they are in back-order. We did have already placed an order of a 100 of them, and we anticipate being able to ship the new blades by early next week.
As you can see, we are following the pattern explained above:

Buffer: Thank you for your interest in our product, our new carbon turbine blades.

Reason: due to current high demand

Bad news: they are in back-order.

Redirect and close: We did have already placed an order of a 100 of them, and we anticipate being able to ship the new blades by early next week.

When speaking, the direct approach may happen more quickly, going directly from buffer to news - highly depending on how bad the news are! If you have to fire someone, you'll probably need to give some reasons before the bad news.

To conclude, make sure you remember:

When: use indirect approach when giving bad news

How: buffer, reasons, bad news, redirect, and close.

Remember that giving reasons for the bad event is a powerful tool! People like to know why something is happening, especially if it is not satisfying their expectations.

Try the indirect approach when communicating with business partners!

A cultural note!

Always keep in mind who you are talking to when choosing a more direct or indirect approach.

As an Italian, I prefer people to get to the point straight away, as most Italians, Germans, Spaniards, Americans, and Australians do. Just say it as it is, no decorations needed.

In more indirect cultures, as Chinese, Japanese, Saudi Arabians, or Indians - for example - you better be safe and use the indirect approach, giving plenty of reasons to justify the bad news!

How can you mitigate your nature and make sure you do not offend anyone, though? It's not easy, but it is feasible.

Let me give you some tips.
If you are a direct person dealing with indirect people:
Soften your statements, gradually mitigate adverse news. Indirect people will easily read between the lines.

Similarly, learn to 'listen' between the lines; indirect people will sound vague to start with, especially if you are unfamiliar with the approach.

Avoid outright demands for answers, such as "Why/why not?" "When can you do this?" "Do you agree or not?" and so on; try to be more diplomatic and you will obtain the same results: "Could you tell us a bit about your position on that?" "Would you be able to tell me when this project will possibly be completed?"

Be patient, just be patient! Cultures who use the indirect approach, often need to confer with other people before giving an answer. So please, be patient. Your answer will come.
If you are an indirect person dealing with direct people:
Remember that they feel more reassured by a sincere answer than a smooth let-down; to them, it's a sign of trust.

Specific questions or requests are NOT a sign of aggression, most of the time they are trying to tell you that they do not feel comfortable in that situation. Oftentimes, they could even worry that you are misleading them or being insincere.

Be diplomatic if you must, but make sure your counterpart understand the implications of the information you are giving; direct people struggle to understand hidden meanings, and it can be exhausting for them to decipher what you are saying.

If you cannot give an immediate response, reassure them on the fact that you will indeed get back to them and, where possible, give a time-frame.

Always make sure you adapt your style to your speaker, so to not end up in embarrassing situations, or, even worst, losing potential business!

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Direct and indirect approach in business communication

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
How do you communicate with your peers, colleagues, employers, and friends? Do you ever stop and think about it? Generally speaking, there are two ways to communicate with people: direct and indirect. You've probably heard of these terms before, but perhaps you are still confused about when and how

# data[].attributes.body
A bad news message (or negative news message) delivers news that the audience does not want to hear, read, or receive. Delivering negative news is never easy. Whether you are informing someone they are being laid off or providing constructive criticism on their job performance, how you choose to deliver the message can influence its response (Bovee & Thill, 2010).

# data[].attributes.body
Dear our Engineer team members,

Thank you for your service! As a token of appreciation, we would like to reward the team members with 3 months of bonus.

As we all know 2022 has been a very productive year for us due to the project that we have commited through out the year.  We would like to thank you for your continuos service for our company. Your efforts has not gone unnoticed and we would like to extend our appreciation to you.

Your work performance have increased  drastically. Therefore we hope you keep up the good work. The company hopes you are all very happy by this good news and we hope you will give us same support and hard work like the previous years again. Our success would not be possible without your help.

Keep on keeping up !

# data[].attributes.body
1. Nur Afrina
2. Daing
3. Philus

# data[].attributes.body
Aishwarya
Amritha
Yasmitta

# data[].attributes.body
1. Sales have decreased for two consecutive quarters at your business. You have been instructed to inform your sales team that their basic pay will be reduced by 20 percent. While you may have a few members of your sales team that are underperforming, you want to retain the entire team. *Write a negative news message using an indirect strategy informing your sales team of the news. Utilise the method highlighted in the article i have attached.
*Post your message in Padlet.

# data[].attributes.body
Daing, Afrina, Izzah, Philus

# data[].attributes.body
Dear sales team,

The company appreciated your utmost hardwork for the company's growth. As we are all aware the economic is posing challenges for everyone. We need to be financially responsible and proactive. However the company has realised there is few staffs that is underperforming in our team. Which leads us to more loss throughout the year for our entire team.

Therefore, the Head of Sales team has made decision to reduce 20 percent from the basic pay. We are saddened by the news we are giving, but the pandemic cause us to this final decision.

This was an extremely tough decision, and we understand the impact this will have on you. Hope to get your support as we all strive for our companys growth together. If there is any questions do contact the Human Resource Department.

Thank you

- dinnesh and husna

# data[].attributes.body
1) PRISCILLA
2) JOANNA

# data[].attributes.body
Aishwarya
Amritha
Yasmitta

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
2. EOP Assignment - Report Rubric Feb 23

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
3. EOP Assignment - Presentation Rubric Feb 23

# data[].attributes.body
Written when we need to ask for more information concerning a product, services, publication or procedure that interests us.

Task
You own a small company which retails clothing and you are interested in garments exhibited by a Taiwanese company at the recent Kuala Lumpur Textiles Trade Fair. The clothing would probably sell well in cities around Malaysia. Write an enquiry according to the details requesting for:

·      Catalogues for The Womanly Yifu apparel.

·      Other clothing ranges manufactured.

·      Range of clothing for older women.

·      Wholesale prices.

Details
Your name and address
- Nurul Amyrah Saad
City Lady Apparel,
12/22, Jalan Equestrian Off Persiaran Sukan, Section 13 40100 Shah Alam, Selangor.

Supplier’s name and address   Miss Rainie Yang,
Marketing Manager,
The Womanly Yifu, Block 15/12, Eng Shang Road, 105, Songshan District., Taipei City, Taiwan

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Enquiry Letter | Format, Sample and How To Write An Enquiry Letter?

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Enquiry Letter: It is a letter written to enquiry the information related to something. It can be written if a person wants to buy an item or wants to go on a trip, etc. The objective of the Enquiry Letter is to make a request to the recipient. In other words, it is written to get […]

# data[].attributes.body
A complaint letter can be an effective way to resolve issues pertaining to bad products or services. Learning how to write a complaint letter that gets attention will get you the results you want.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Real English - How to complain about a problem

# data[].attributes.body
Before we learn about writing a complaint letter, some exercises would help you to build the right vocabulary.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Dear Sir / Madam,

I am writing in with the hotel accommodation at the Star Heights Hotel, Cebu City, Philippines, which I booked through your Queen's Road office on 3 January.

I regret to you that the information given by your sales assistant, Mr Terence Chan, was completely .

I was particularly concerned that the hotel should be in a quiet location and close to a beach, as we have small children who cannot walk long distances. When I this point with Mr Chan, he told me that the hotel was in private gardens and was very close to the beach. I was etremely disappointed, , to find that the hotel was in fact next to a busy motorway and the beach was nearly three miles away.

I also asked Mr Chan whether there was a swimming pool, and he me that there was. In fact, he was particularly certain about this point as he claimed to have stayed at the hotel himself the previous year. You might imagine my feelings to find that the swimming pool was in a state of disrepair and, according to the hotel staff, had been in this condition for the past three years.

, we were unable to swim at all during our stay at the hotel, while the constant noise from
the motorway made sleep at nights difficult. In fact, we were eventually forced to find accommodation elsewhere at considerable expense.

In the , I think that it would be appropriate for you to the
cost of the hotel accommodation in full.

I look forward to from you at your earliest .

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Dear Sir / Madam, I am writing in with the hotel accommodation at the Star Heights Hotel, Cebu City, Philippines, which I booked through your Queen's Road office on 3 January. I regret to you that the information given by your sales assistant, Mr Terence Chan, was completely .

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Aim:
This page is to help you write letters replying to complaints (also called adjustment letters). On this page are the stages of dealing with complaints, some useful expressions, some example letters, and an exercise.

Dealing with Complaints
| |

| | |

| | |

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

| |

|

|

|

|

|

Useful Expressions
Acknowledging receipt of a complaint letter

Thank you for your letter of ... regarding / concerning / in connection with ...

I refer to your letter of ... about / relating to ...

Apology for the error or fault

We must apologise for ...

We sincerely apologise for ...

Please accept our apologies for ...

I would like to apologise for the error made by our company in (verb+ing)

Accepting the Complaint

We agree that the usual high standards of our products / services were not met in this instance.

A short explanation of the fault

Introductory phrase
As a result of our investigation, we found that... (Not: After our investigation...)

Causes

The error was caused by ... / was due to ...

Apparently, the problem was the result of ... / resulted from ...

The cause of / reason for the mistake was ...

Effects

As a result ...

This led to ...

Consequently ...

Solutions

We have modified / changed our ...

We have implemented a system to...

To prevent re-occurrences we have set up a verification procedure.

Assurances
We assure you that this will not happen again.

Investigation to be made

Proposal to settle the difficulty

As a gesture of our regret, we are prepared to .../ we are willing to .../ we would like to ...

To show goodwill, we will ...

An offer to take goods back, make a replacement, give a discount etc.

We have dispatched the new items by express courier. They should arrive by

To show our goodwill, we would like to offer you a 5% discount on your next order with us.

Regret at dissatisfaction

While we can understand your frustration, ...

We understand how disappointing it can be when your expectations are not met.

Rejecting responsibility for the problem leading to the complaint

I regret to inform you that ...

I am afraid that ...

Unfortunately, I must point out that ...

Reasons for the rejection

This is because the guarantee period has expired.

This is due to the fact that the guarantee period has expired.

If a third party (another person or organisation) is to blame, direct the complainer to that party

We therefore suggest that you contact...

A concluding paragraph aiming at retaining the goodwill of the customer

We look forward to receiving your further orders, and assure you that they will be filled correctly / promptly.
Example Letters

Everlong Batteries
171 Choi Hung Road
Hung Hon, Hong Kong
Tel/Fax 2235 2449

Mr J Wong
Purchasing Officer
Fortune Goods
317 Orchard Road
Singapore

Dear Mr Wong Order No. 2639/L

Please accept our apologies for the error made by our company in filling your order no. 2639/L dated

You ordered 12,000 size Ultra super-long-life premium batteries, but our dispatch office sent 1,200. This was due to a typing error.

The balance of 10,800 batteries was dispatched by express courier to your store this morning and will arrive by

Since we value your business, we would like to offer you a 10% discount off your next order with us.

We look forward to receiving your further orders and assure you that they will be filled correctly.

Everlong Batteries
171 Choi Hung Road
Hung Hon, Hong Kong
Tel/Fax (852) 2235 2449

Mr J Wong
Purchasing Officer
Fortune Goods
317 Orchard Road
Singapore

Dear Mr Wong Order No. 2639/L

Thank you for your letter of regarding your order no. 2639/L. We understand that this is a difficult situation for you.

We have investigated the situation, and found that you ordered 12,00 size Ultra super-long-life premium batteries. Please see the enclosed copy of your order form. Our dispatch office therefore sent 1,200.

If you need the remaining batteries urgently, the balance of 10,800 batteries can be dispatched today by express courier to your store and would arrive by

Please phone me at the number given above if you would like to order these batteries.

We look forward to receiving your further orders.

Yours sincerely

David Choi
Distributions Manager

Encl:
- Order Form No. 2639/L

Exercise
Introduction:
This task is for you to practise matching the types of sentence you need in adjustment letters with suitable sentences.

Instructions:
Match the items in the boxes on the left with the items on the right:

1. Click in the table cell containing the item you want to move.

2. Click in the table cell where you want the item to go. The words will swap position.

3. If an item is in the right position, it will have a green background and a tick.

4. When all the table cells are green and have ticks, you have finished.

Related pages:
Adjustment letters:

Last updated on: Monday, March 26, 2012

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Aim: This page is to help you write letters replying to complaints (also called adjustment letters). On this page are the stages of dealing with complaints, some useful expressions, some example letters, and an exercise.

# data[].attributes.body
HOW TO WRITE A COVER LETTER
Purpose :  A cover letter is the first piece of information about yourself that your potential employer will read. The main function of a cover letter is to highlight the position you are applying and the skills you possess. The cover letter has to be tailored towards specific jobs you are applying to. A cover letter provides an opportunity to introduce yourself, highlight the key points from your resume, and be considered for a job interview.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
HOW TO WRITE A COVER LETTER for a JOB APPLICATION! (The BEST Example COVER LETTER to GET YOU HIRED!)

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
No matter where you are in your career, or what job you're applying for, submitting a cover letter with your resume is a must.

Done right, a cover letter will effectively complement your resume and explain to the hiring manager in more detail why you're the right person for the job.

Writing a cover letter, however, is easier said than done.

You have to effectively demonstrate that you'll be able to perform the responsibilities listed in the job description and that you'd be a better fit for the company compared to other candidates.

And unless you're a professional writer, this can be a very hard task.

Fortunately, we created these cover letter examples to inspire you and help you get started with your own cover letter!

Let's dive in!

21 Cover Letter Examples

#1. Career Change Cover Letter Example

Here's what this cover letter does right:

#5. Ph.D. Cover Letter Example

Here's what this cover letter does right:

Attention-grabbing introduction. In the opening paragraph, this candidate explains why they're passionate about pursuing a Ph.D. in great detail.

Explains the candidate's qualifications in detail. The candidate builds on their passion by explaining how they're also qualified for the degree because of their education history and academic achievements.

What is a Cover Letter?

A cover letter is a one-page document that you submit as part of your job application, alongside your resume.

Its purpose is to introduce you and briefly summarize your professional background. On average, your cover letter should be from 250 to 400 words long.

A good cover letter can give the hiring manager more insight into what makes you a good candidate and help them make up their mind about whether they should invite you for an interview. A bad cover letter, though, will get ignored (at best) and lose you the job (at worst).

So, to make sure this doesn't happen, it's essential to know how to write a convincing cover letter.

The first thing to remember is that a cover letter is a supplement to your resume, not a replacement. Meaning, you shouldn't just repeat whatever is mentioned in your resume and call it a day.

Optimally, you should use your cover letter to shed more light on your skills and qualifications, as well as explain anything you didn't have space for in your resume (e.g. a career gap or why you're changing careers).

If you're writing a cover letter for the first time, though, putting all this together might seem pretty tough.

Fortunately, you can follow our tried-and-tested format to make the experience much easier:

Header - Input your contact information.

Greeting the hiring manager - Open the cover letter with a "Dear Sir or Madam," or use the hiring manager's name if you know what that is.

Opening paragraph - Grab the hiring manager's attention by getting straight to the point. Mention what your professional experiences are, and what role you're applying for.

The second paragraph - Explain why you're the perfect candidate for the job. Mention your top 2-3 achievements, your top skills, why you want to work in that specific industry, and whatever else is relevant.

The third paragraph - End your cover letter with a call to action. E.g. "I would love to meet personally and discuss how I can help Company X."

Formal closing - Something like this: "Thank you for your consideration. Best, John Doe."

Here's what this looks like in practice:

9 Tips to Write a Cover Letter (the Right Way)

Now that we've covered the basics, let's talk about cover letter tips. Below, we'll give you all the knowledge you need to take your cover letter from "OK" to "great."

#1. Pick the right template

A good cover letter is all about leaving the right first impression.

And what's a better way to leave a good impression than through a professional, well-formatted, and visual template?

You can simply pick one of our tried-and-tested cover letter templates and you'll be all set!

#3. Greet the hiring manager the right way

Once you've listed all your relevant contact information, it's time to address the hiring manager reading your cover letter.

A good practice here is to find the hiring manager's name and address them directly instead of using the traditional "dear sir or madam." This shows that you're really invested in the company and that you took your time to do some research about the job.

So, how can you find out the hiring manager's name?

One way to do this is by looking up the head of the company's relevant department on LinkedIn. Let's say you're applying for the position of Communication Specialist at Novoresume. The hiring manager is probably the Head of Communications or the Chief Communications Office.

Or let's say you're applying for the position of server at a restaurant. In that case, you'd be looking to find out who the restaurant manager is.

If this doesn't work, you can also check out the "Team" page on the company website; there's a good chance you'll at least find the right person there.

If you still can't find out the hiring manager's name, here are several other greetings you can use:

Dear [Department] Hiring Manager

Dear Hiring Manager

To whom it may concern

Dear [Department] Team

#4. Create an attention-grabbing introduction

Recruiters get hundreds, sometimes even thousands, of applications. Chances are, they're not going to be reading every single cover letter end-to-end.

So, it's essential to catch their attention from the very first paragraph.

The problem with most cover letter opening paragraphs, though, is that they're usually extremely generic, often looking something like this:

Hey, my name is Jonathan and I'd like to work as a Sales Manager at XYZ Inc. I've worked as a sales manager at MadeUpCompany Inc. for 5+ years, so I believe that I'd be a good fit for the position.

As you can probably tell, this opening paragraph doesn't tell the hiring manager anything other than that you've worked the job before - and that's not really helpful in setting you apart from other candidates.

What you want to do, instead, is start off with 2-3 of your top achievements to really grab the reader's attention. Preferably, the achievements should be as relevant as possible to the position.

For example:

Dear Josh, My name's Michael and I'd like to help XYZ Inc. hit and exceed its sales goals as a Sales Manager. I've worked with Company X, a fin-tech company, for 3+ years. As a Sales Representative, I generated an average of $30,000+ in sales per month (beating the KPIs by around 40%). I believe that my previous industry experience, as well as my excellence in sales, makes me the right candidate for the role of X at Company Y.

The second example shows how the candidate is a top performer. The first just shows that they've worked a sales job before.

Which one are YOU more likely to invite for an interview?

Exactly!

#5. Show you're the perfect person for the job

One great thing about cover letters is that they allow you to expand more on the top achievements from your resume and really show the hiring manager that you're the right person for the job.

A good way to do that is to first read the job ad and really understand what skills/experiences are required, and then to ensure that your cover letter touches upon the said skills or experiences.

In my previous role as a Facebook Marketing Expert at XYZ Inc. I handled customer acquisition through ads, managing a monthly Facebook ad budget of $20,000+. As the sole digital marketer at the company, I managed the ad creation and management process end-to-end. This means I created the ad copy and images, as well as picked the targeting, ran optimization trials, and so on. Other than Facebook advertising, I've also delved into other online PPC channels, including:

Google Search

Twitter

Reddit

Quora

#6. Explain why you're a great company fit

The HR manager doesn't only look at whether you'll be good at the job or not. They're looking for someone that's also a good fit for the company culture.

After all, employees that don't fit in are bound to quit, sooner or later. This ends up costing the company a ton of money, up to 50% of the employee's annual salary.

To convince the hiring manager that you're a great company fit, do some research on the company and find out what it is you like about them, or about working there. You want to know things like:

What's the company's business model?

What's the company's product or service? Have you used it?

What's the culture like? Will someone micro-manage your work, or will you have autonomy on how you get things done?

Then, turn your top reasons for liking to work there into text and add them to your cover letter!

#7. Wrap up with a call to action

To make the end of your cover letter as memorable as possible, you want to:

#8. Write a formal closing

Once you're done with the final paragraph, all you have to do is write down a formal "goodbye" and you're good to go.

Feel free to use one of the most popular conclusions in a cover letter:

Best Regards,

Kind Regards,

Sincerely,

Thank you,

#9. Proofread your cover letter

Last but not least, make sure to always proofread each and every document that you'll be including in your job application - cover letter included.

The last thing you want is to be claiming you're a great candidate for the job with a cover letter full of typos!

Cover Letter Writing Checklist

Frequently Asked Questions

Do you still have some questions about cover letters? Check out the answers below:

Conclusion

And that's a wrap! We hope our cover letter examples and writing tips will inspire you to write a cover letter that will land you your next job.

If you're looking for more invaluable career advice and articles, make sure to check out our career blog, or any of these related articles:

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
21+ Cover Letter Examples in 2023 [For All Professions]

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Professional, job-winning cover letter examples for different fields. Learn why they stand out, and create your own with our killer cover letter templates.

# data[].attributes.body
Review the question below. Identify the key points that are needed. Construct the cover letter and post your work here.

# data[].attributes.headline
SAMPLE OF COMPLAINT & ADJUSTMENT LETTERS

# data[].attributes.subject
SAMPLE OF COMPLAINT & ADJUSTMENT LETTERS

# data[].attributes.headline
Daily task (Rejection of a complaint letter)

# data[].attributes.subject
Daily task (Rejection of a complaint letter)

# data[].attributes.body
Amritha Rajandram (012021070475)
Priscilla Hema (012021070396)
Layla Azizah Ahmad (012020091943)

# data[].attributes.body
In U.K. it is called C.V (Curriculum Vitae) which in Latin means ‘(the) course of (my) life’.
In US, it is called resume which is basically French for 'summary'

1. The main difference between a resume and CV is the length and amount of detail.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Curriculum Vitae (CV) is Latin for "course of life." In contrast, resume is French for "summary." Both CVs & Resumes:

Are tailored for the specific job/company you are applying to

Should represent you as the best qualified candidate

Are used to get you an interview

Do not usually include personal interests

If you are applying for both academic as well as industry (private or public sector) positions, you will need to prepare both a resume and a CV.

Curriculum Vitae vs. Resume: Format and Content

The CV presents a full history of your academic credentials, so the length of the document is variable. In contrast, a resume presents a concise picture of your skills and qualifications for a specific position, so length tends to be shorter and dictated by years of experience (generally 1-2 pages).

CVs are used by individuals seeking fellowships, grants, postdoctoral positions, and teaching/research positions in postsecondary institutions or high-level research positions in industry. Graduate school applications typically request a CV, but in general are looking for a resume that includes any publications and descriptions of research projects.

In many European countries, CV is used to describe all job application documents, including a resume. In the United States and Canada, CV and resume are sometimes used interchangeably. If you are not sure which kind of document to submit, it is best to ask for clarification.

Emphasize skills

Used when applying for a position in industry, non-profit, and public sector

Is no longer than 2 pages, with an additional page for publications and/or poster presentations if highly relevant to the job

After 1 year of industry experience, lead with work experience and place education section at the or near the end, depending upon qualifications

Emphasizes academic accomplishments

used when applying for positions in academia, fellowships and grants

Length depends upon experience and includes a complete list of publications, posters, and presentations

Always begins with education and can include name of advisor and dissertation title or summary (see examples). Also used for merit/tenure review and sabbatical leave

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Resume vs. Curriculum Vitae: What's the Difference?

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Curriculum Vitae (CV) is Latin for "course of life." In contrast, resume is French for "summary." Both CVs & Resumes: Are tailored for the specific job/company you are applying to Should represent you as the best qualified candidate Are used to get you an interview Do not usually include personal interests If you are applying for both academic as well as industry (private or public sector) positions, you will need to prepare both a resume and a CV.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
How to write a CV [Get noticed by employers]

# data[].attributes.body
A personal profile, also known as a personal statement, career objective and professional profile, is one of the most important aspects of your CV. It’s a short paragraph that sits just underneath your name and contact details giving prospective employers an overview of who you are and what you’re all about.

Try to address the following in your profile:

1. Who are you?

2. What can you offer the company?

3. What are your career goals?

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
How to write a CV profile [or personal statement] and get noticed

# data[].attributes.body
I am a hard-working individual who enjoys working. I am excellent at meeting deadlines. I have two years of experience in business, and I would like to contribute to a business with my excellent skills and past work experience.

Revised version
A motivated, adaptable and responsible Computing graduate seeking a position in an IT position which will utilise the professional and technical skills developed through past work experiences in this field. I have a methodical, customer-focused approach to work and a strong drive to see things through to completion.

# data[].attributes.body
1. This is a sample for fresh graduate.

# data[].attributes.body
2. Sample of those who have working experience looking for a new position.

# data[].attributes.headline
Words to use when writing your C.V/resume - POWER VERBS

# data[].attributes.subject
Words to use when writing your C.V/resume - POWER VERBS

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
What are power verbs?

Power verbs are action words that have positive meanings in English. When you use a power verb, you can communicate your message more strongly and confidently than when using other verbs. This is especially useful when you are applying for a job and want to appear as a confident and competent candidate. Power verbs can also make your writing more interesting and help prevent you from using the same words too many times.

The following sentences are examples from the Work Experience section of a resume. Notice the differences between the sentences.

Made new software for ABC Company. → Made is a weaker verb.
Developed new software for ABC Company. → Developed is a power verb. You sound more confident and interesting using 'developed'.

Where can I use power verbs?

Power verbs are useful in many situations. They are especially great for resumes, job interviews, and academic writing like essays.

Before you use a power verb...

Make sure you understand the exact meaning of the power verb you are going to use. You don't want to make a mistake with the word, especially on a resume.

Look the word up in a dictionary, search the internet for examples of sentences where it has been used, and if possible, find someone to check your sentence to make sure that you've used it correctly.

Make sure you are comfortable with the word before you use it.

Weak verbs to avoid: ☹

Here is a list of verbs you should avoid on your resume where possible:

GENERAL POWER VERB LIST

Here are some better alternatives to common weak words.

Weak Word: DID

Weak Word: MAKE

Weak Word: FIX

Weak Word: SHOW

Weak Words: TALK, SPEAK, WRITE, COMMUNICATE

Weak Word: KEEP

Weak Word: USE

Weak Word: GET

Weak Word: CHANGE, MAKE SOMETHING BETTER, GET RESULTS

Weak Word: HELP

Weak Word: ADD

Weak Word: START

POWER VERBS FOR SPECIFIC INDUSTRIES

Here are some power verbs we often use when talking about our experience in certain jobs and industries. This is not a complete list of power verbs. I have covered some of the most common power verbs in the list below, but there are many more. Please note that the same power verbs can be used for many different jobs, so if you see a power verb in one job category such as medicine, it may also apply to a different job too.

Customer Service, Tourism, Hospitality, Retail Store

Law & Legal Professions

Leader & Management

Business, Finance, Accounting

Public Sector & Government

Administrative, Clerical, Receptionist, Secretary

Teaching & Advising

Researcher, Scientist, Academic

IT, Computers, Tech

Medicine

Engineer

Machine Operator

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Power verbs are action words that have positive meanings in English. When you use a power verb, you can communicate your message more strongly and confidently than when using other verbs. This is especially useful when you are applying for a job and want to appear as a confident and competent candidate.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
We're here to help.

Student and Graduates Resume Writing

Graduate Resume Sample
Like the look of this? Stand out from other graduates and students, by creating your resume in minutes with templates that make hiring managers and recruiters take notice.

Sections to Include in a Student or Graduate Resume

Here's a quick overview of the sections that you should include in every resume you write, regardless of how you customize it for each job advertisement or speculative cover letter.

1. Contact and Professional Social Media details. List your professional email address - (not that 'hilarious' one you signed up for when you were 13!) - your phone number, and your professional social network profile).

2. Professional Resume Summary: A summary for a resume needs to dash off your professional achievements and your skills that are relevant to the job ad.

3. A Relevant Professional Title: A professional title for a resume will need to match the position/title that is advertised in the job ad, such as 'media graduate, junior developer, or paralegal'.

4. Education and certificates: Include your thesis, if it's relevant, and add key courses related to the job. Include your grade point average, scholarships or university medals - if you have them.

5. Relevant Experience: Don't stress about this, we all started somewhere. Include any paid, unpaid or volunteer roles you held during your studies. No experience? No worries! Skip over to this dedicated guide with resume tips for students with no experience yet.

6. Skills and expertise: Wizard at Word? Proficient in Photoshop? Google Ad Words guru? Make sure to include your key hard and soft skills (more on this soon).

What about those 'nice-to-have' but not mandatory sections?

Here's a few you can put in or leave out, based on the role and your own judgement.

Conferences, courses and certificates

Student organizations, clubs, or networks

Publications and awards

Volunteer Experience

Personal Projects

Think you already have enough information to create your student or graduate resume?

Check out our intuitive resume builder, job-hunting tips and resume examples to help you choose the best resume template to reach recruiters and hiring managers.

How to Write a Resume Summary for a Student or Graduate Resume

Let's get moving on the content of your resume, starting with your resume summary.

Hold up! Wondering what a resume summary is?

It's quite straightforward.

Basically, a resume summary it's a short paragraph at the start of your resume which sums up your experience and suitability for the role.

It's a bit like that elevator pitch you might hear people talk about in movies, start-ups or sales-driven business areas.

Instead of pitching a company or idea, you pitch you - and the benefits and value you bring.

Time for us to look at Jane's resume to see this in action.

Her summary is clear and direct.

Being in business means knowing about a lot of interconnected areas and Jane shows that she is versatile by highlighting her 'proven and tested' skills in procurement, marketing and sales - just some of the key areas that every solid business professional needs.

Resume Summary Example for Students

"An independent and self-motivated business student with proven and tested business, procurement, sales, and marketing skills."

"An award-winning and confident communication graduate, able to establish rapport quickly and conduct training sessions with clarity and enthusiasm."

Top Skills to Include in a Student or Graduate Resume

Let's take a look at some of Jane's skills now.

She includes a nice mix of technical (hard) and soft skills on her resume.

She talks about her proficiency with Google advertising technology, Typeform, and SendGrid, while highlighting four in-demand soft skills.

Now you might be worried that you don't have any of the skills Jane lists in her resume.

Don't worry, we bet you have plenty that you can include once you give it some thought.

Your hard skills will differ drastically based on what you've studied too.

And here's a little secret that will lift your confidence and readiness to complete your resume.

There are some Soft Skills that almost every single employer will need.

Here they are:

Top Skills for a Student Resume

1. Communication

2. Teamwork

3. Adaptability

4. Punctuality

5. Organization

6. Flexibility

7. Problem Solving Abilities

8. Motivation

9. Patience

10. Persuasion

How many of them would you add to your college resume template?

How to Stand Out From the Crowd as a Student or Fresh Graduate

You clever clogs out there are probably asking: "What if you share these skills with many other applicants?"

How on earth do you stand out?

Simple: you highlight your individual achievements and how they relate to the job.

Jane does this by linking her past work and volunteer experience to results. She successfully overcame personal targets - suggesting she's driven - for three months in a row.

This kind of example is a really strong way to show a high-performance attitude, without bragging or claiming 'I'm a high performer'. It's showing, not telling.

A lack of experience is one of the big worries that students and graduates have when first applying for jobs and working on new resumes.

Look how Jane solves this problem by highlighting her leadership in event planning and social media while at University.

Feeling inspired? Ready to create a resume that helps you get that interview?

Suggested Reading:

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Graduate Resume Guide & Sample [Plus 10 Skills for Savvy Job-hunters]

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
We're here to help. Like the look of this? Stand out from other graduates and students, by creating your resume in minutes with templates that make hiring managers and recruiters take notice. Here's a quick overview of the sections that you should include in every resume you write, regardless of how you customize it for each job advertisement or speculative cover letter.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
EOP Final Project - Presentation Rubric Feb 23

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
EOP Final Project - Report Rubric Feb 23

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Tell Me About Yourself - A Good Answer To This Interview Question

# data[].attributes.body
1. Tell me about yourself.
2. What are your strengths?
3. What are your weaknesses?
4. Where do you see yourself in 5 years?
5. What do you know about our company?
6. How well do you handle change?
7. Do you work well under pressure?
8. How do you make important decisions?
9. what experience do you have that relates to this job?
10. Do you have any questions for us?

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Are job interviews challenging for you? Do you struggle to give concise answers to interview questions? Are you unsure how to share your accomplishments during an interview without sounding boastful? What's the best way to let the interviewer know that you're the right candidate for the job?

The STAR interview response method can help make the process easier. Using this method of answering interview questions allows you to share concrete examples of how you successfully handled situations at work to show that you possess the experience and skills required for the job you're interviewing for.

Read below for a detailed description of the STAR interview response technique and examples of how to best use it.

Key Takeaways

STAR: Situation, Task, Action, Result

STAR stands for Situation, Task, Action, Result. Using this strategy is particularly helpful in response to competency-focused questions, which typically start with phrases such as, "Describe a time when..." or, "Share an example of a situation where...."

What Is the STAR Interview Response Method?

The STAR interview response method is a way of answering behavioral interview questions. Behavioral interview questions are questions about how you have behaved in the past. Specifically, they are about how you have handled certain work situations.

Employers using this technique analyze jobs and define the skills and qualities that high-level performers have exhibited in that job. Since past performance can be a good predictor of the future, interviewers ask these questions to determine whether candidates have the skills and experiences required to excel in the job.

For example, employers might be looking for proof of problem-solving skills, analytical ability, creativity, perseverance through failure, writing skills, presentation skills, teamwork orientation, persuasive skills, quantitative skills, or accuracy.

Examples of behavioral interview questions include the following:

Tell me about an occasion when you had to complete a task under a tight deadline.

Have you ever gone above and beyond the call of duty?

What do you do when a team member refuses to complete his or her quota of the work?

Some interviewers structure their questions using the STAR technique. However, job seekers can also use the STAR interview method to prepare for behavioral interview questions.

STAR Key Concepts

STAR is an acronym for four key concepts. Each concept is a step the job candidate can take when answering a behavioral interview question. By following all four steps, the job candidate will provide a comprehensive answer. The four steps referenced in the acronym are the following:

Situation: Describe the context within which you performed a job or faced a challenge at work. For example, perhaps you were working on a group project, or you had a conflict with a co-worker. This situation can be drawn from a work experience, a volunteer position, or any other relevant event. Be as specific as possible.

Task: Next, describe your responsibility in that situation. Perhaps you had to help your group complete a project within a tight deadline, resolve a conflict with a co-worker, or hit a sales target.

Action: You then describe how you completed the task or endeavored to meet the challenge. Focus on what you did rather than what your team, boss, or co-worker did.

Note

Result: Finally, explain the outcomes or results generated by the action taken. It may be helpful to emphasize what you accomplished or what you learned.

How To Prepare for an Interview Using STAR

Since you won't know in advance what interviewing techniques your interviewer will be using, you'll benefit from preparing several scenarios from the jobs you've held.

Make a list of the job qualifications. First, make a list of the skills and/or experiences that are required for the job you're applying for. It may help to look at the job listing and similar job listings for indications of the required or preferred skills/qualities. You can then match your qualifications to those listed in the posting.

Create a list of examples. Then, consider specific examples of occasions when you displayed those skills. For each example, name the situation, task, action, and result.

Match your skills to the job. Whatever examples you select, make sure they are as closely related to the job you're interviewing for as possible.

Prepare a response. For each example, prepare a brief response:

Describe the situation (2-3 sentences).

Explain your task (1-2 sentences).

Describe the action you took (2-3 sentences).

Share your result (2-3 sentences).

Examples of Interview Questions and Answers Using STAR

Tell me about a time you had to complete a task within a tight deadline. Describe the situation and explain how you handled it.

Example Answer

What do you do when a team member doesn't complete their share of the work?

Example Answer

Tell me about a time you showed initiative on the job.

Example Answer

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

How can you share examples of your achievements during a job interview?

What can you do when you can't think of an answer to an interview question?

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
How to Use the STAR Interview Response Method

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Are job interviews challenging for you? Do you struggle to give concise answers to interview questions? Are you unsure how to share your accomplishments during an interview without sounding boastful? What's the best way to let the interviewer know that you're the right candidate for the job?