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https://www.theguardian.com/world/video/2023/feb/23/moment-mine-collapses-china-inner-mongolia-video

The title of this article is Moment Mine Collapses in China’s Inner Mongolia Region and the source of the article is from the guardian. The article is about China’s mine collapsing in Mongolia’s region. The main important facts from this article is that the mine collapse killed at least five people and injured six others. Almost 50 people were missing after miners and trucks all wore to be swallowed up at the mine. There were efforts made to evacuate, to place debris about 80 meters high. The main geographic factors involved in this event is that the mine was destroyed.

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An economic overview of the country: Mongolias economic growth is projected to rise slightly but remain modest at 2.4 percent in 2022 with the rise mainly driven by the removal of COVID-19

GDP of the country: 15.29 billion

Major industries in the country: herding and agriculture, has transformed into an economy focused more on extractive industries, spurred on by significant investment in Mongolia by foreign enterprises.

Percentage of the population living below the poverty line: 38.30%

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https://www.aljazeera.com/economy/2022/12/14/mongolias-herders-feel-pinch-as-china-russia-squeeze-economy

The title of the article that I chose is called “Squeezed between China and Russia, Mongolia’s herders feel pinch”. The source of the article is from Aljazeera and the article is about Mongolia, China and Russia. The main imported facts from this article is Mongolia’s herders cannot produce flour and rice because the prices of them soared due to the war in Ukraine with inflation going to 14.5 percent. Also the price of coal has jumped to 40 percent. In the article it says “While exports to China have declined in recent months as Mongolia’s economy slows under strict COVID-19 curbs, gasoline prices have risen as much as 65 percent since Russia launched its war in Ukraine in February.” That is a big increase in percent since the war happened which doesn’t help anyone in Mongolia. The event took place December 14 2022 and the event happened in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. It was so surprising to read about how much the prices of certain things have gone up because of the war or after Covid 19.

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The current environmental issues in Mongolia are that they are facing multiple threats which are mining and infrastructure development, overgrazing, fossil fuel exploitation, desertification, and climate change. How specifically climate change affects the people of Mongolia is that it is affecting their animals because of all the greenhouse emissions. It is not helping their environments due to how much they have.

Land share use in Mongolia is that the people in Mongolia use their ,and as pastures comprise the world’s largest contiguous area of common grazing land. Mongolia land use type classes by the land cover classification: 81.2 % rural land, 5.1 % urban land, 8.2 % forest land and shrubland, 1.4 % surface water and then 4.1 % is unused.

The food situation in Mongolia is that over 35% of the population is suffering from malnutrition, food scarcity which is an ongoing problem but they have organizations that are working to help reduce hunger in Mongolia. Over 65 % of households suffer from food insecurity which means that a lot of Mongolian families lack access to food and other essential things. In some certain areas in Mongolia, food insecurity is larger than most. In Khangai this region in central Mongolia is reported to have 80% of households not having access to proper food.

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https://globalvoices.org/2023/04/04/mongolians-celebrate-and-fear-for-an-8-year-old-boy-as-dalai-lama-names-him-their-next-spiritual-leader/

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Title of the article is “Mongolians celebrate and fear for an 8-year old boy as the Dalai Lama named him their next spiritual leader” from Global Voices. The article is about a 8 year old that becomes the next spiritual leader of Tibetan Buddhists in Mongolia. 600 people attended a special ceremony in a temple located in Dharamsala, India where the 8 year old boy the 10th Khalkha Jetsun Dhampa Rinpoche. Chinese government views the Dalai Lama as a separatist and seeks to control Tibet’s population via its own appointed religious leaders. The event took place in India and it took place on April 4, 2023

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What are the main issues the country is facing?

They are facing deforestation which is expanding due to human recklessness, pests, disease, and fires. Their lands are becoming more arid through desertification, a process that is being exacerbated due to irresponsible land use.

What disputes is this country having with other countries? Regionally? Internationally?

Mongolia has diplomatic relations with 191 UN states, the Holy See, the state of Palestine and the European Union.

Are people emigrating or immigrating to this country? Why?

The emigration percentage is higher than immigration. The international migrant stock at mid-year 2020 counted 21,345 people within the country (0.7% of the entire population) while emigrants were 82,098

Yes I added it to padlet

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What are the main issues the country is facing?
➔Terrorism(ISIS), Poverty, Educational gap

What disputes is this country having with other countries? Regionally? Internationally?
➔It`s not a country, but Al-Qaeda whcih is international terrorist organization based in Iraq has been having a disute in this region.

Are people emigrating or immigrating to this country? Why?
➔Both. Some people from other countries such as Tajikistan and Pakistan immigrate to Afghanistan.

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The Taliban rulers have been cracking down on the regional affiliate of the ISIL group [File: Samiullah Popal/EPA]

Taliban forces have killed six members of the ISIL armed group (ISIS) in Afghanistan's northern Balkh province during an overnight raid, a Taliban spokesman said on Tuesday.

The raid comes as the Taliban rulers crack down on the regional affiliate of the ISIL group - known as the Islamic State in Khorasan Province (ISKP), which has carried out several deadly attacks in recent months killing dozens, including Balkh governor Mohammad Dawood Muzammil last month.

According to Mohammad Asif Waziri, a spokesman for the police chief in Balkh, the operation late on Monday night targeted an ISIL hideout in Nahri Shahi district. Six members of the armed group were killed, he added.

Muzammil was known for his resistance to ISIL in the area. The group has emerged as the biggest security threat to the Taliban, which took over Afghanistan in August 2021 after US-led foreign forces withdrew after 20 years of war.

A blast in January killed at least five people and injured dozens at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs as employees streamed out of the building at the end of their work day.

The ISIL group has also claimed other recent attacks in Kabul, including a bombing near a checkpoint at the city's military airport that killed and wounded several people and also an assault on a Kabul hotel in mid-December.

ISIL attacks in Afghanistan have often targeted the minority Shia communities, as well as foreigners and foreign interests.

Source: Al Jazeera and news agencies

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Taliban kills 6 ISIL fighters in overnight raid in Balkh province

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A police spokesman says an ISIL hideout in Nahri Shahi district was targeted and six fighters were killed.

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An economic overview of the country (Describe how the country been doing economically for the past 10 years or so, and why they have faced the success and struggles they have.)
➔livestock and agriculture. Despite accounting for less than a third of GDP due to inadequate irrigation, drought, lack of market access, and other structural barriers, agriculture continues to be Afghanistan's primary source of employment, employing 60 to 80 percent of the country's population.

GDP of the country (How does this compare with other countries in the region?)
➔368.75 USD

Major industries in the country (List the major industries that exist and how they take advantage of the natural resources that exist in the country.)
➔Opium

Percentage of the population living below the poverty line
➔97%

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Afghan women wait in line to receive winter necessities donated by the UN in Kabul [File: Rahmat Gul/AP]

The United Nations Security Council has renewed the UN Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA) for another year while also asking for recommendations on the best way for the international community to continue its work in the Taliban-ruled country.

The 15-member council on Thursday unanimously adopted two resolutions, both drafted by the United Arab Emirates and Japan.

The first "stresses the critical importance of a continued presence of UNAMA" and other UN agencies within Afghanistan, which has been under Taliban rule since the group took control of Kabul in August 2021.

Thursday's resolution, which extends the mission until March 17, 2024, does not change the UNAMA's mandate, as defined by last year's resolution, "in promoting peace and stability in Afghanistan".

The second resolution asks Secretary-General Antonio Guterres to conduct an "integrated, independent assessment" of the situation in the country, and report back to the UNSC by November 17 with "forward-looking recommendations for an integrated and coherent approach among relevant political, humanitarian, and development actors".

The report should include information on addressing "humanitarian (challenges), human rights and especially the rights of women and girls, religious and ethnic minorities, security and terrorism, narcotics, development, economic and social challenges, dialogue, governance and the rule of law", the resolution said.

"We are all aware the situation in Afghanistan is extremely challenging, and that our options are actually very limited, but the status quo is not sustainable," UAE's UN ambassador, Lana Zaki Nusseibeh, said.

She noted that, given the Taliban's tightening restrictions on women and girls, some people, "including many Afghan women", have accused the global community of lacking a "coordinated international political strategy" for dealing with the challenges within the country.

"By requesting this independent assessment, the council is taking a careful and measured response to a difficult crisis with outside expertise and fresh thinking," Nusseibeh said.

The Taliban, which seized power in August 2021 as the United States-led forces withdrew from Afghanistan after 20 years of war, says it respects women's rights in accordance with its strict interpretation of Islamic law.

But it has banned women and girls from attending high school and university, visiting parks and working for aid groups.

The UNSC expressed concern in the resolution over the lack of progress made by the Taliban on its expectations.

It emphasised "the importance of the full, equal and meaningful participation of women, and upholding human rights, including those of women, children, minorities, and persons in vulnerable situations".

The UN has made its single-largest country aid appeal ever, asking for $4.6bn in 2023 to deliver help in Afghanistan, where it says two-thirds of the population - some 28 million people - need it to survive.

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UN extends Afghanistan mission by another year

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The United Nations Security Council has renewed the UN Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA) for another year while also asking for recommendations on the best way for the international community to continue its work in the Taliban-ruled country. The 15-member council on Thursday unanimously adopted two resolutions, both drafted by the United Arab Emirates and Japan.

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In the last 10 years Kyrgyzstan's economy has stabilized into a lower-middle income country, they are increasing their hydroelectricity and tourism economies. However they have high remittances and political corruption limits investment both within the country and from other nations. COVID-19 and political turmoil significantly damaged their GDP and they are still recovering as their spending increases.

They're GDP is $32.221 billion in 2021, placing them in 137th place relative to the rest of the world.

Kyrgyzstan's primary industries are small machinery, textiles, food processing, and lumber with most of the population employed in the service industry.

20.1% of the population was living below the poverty line in 2019.

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Government type

Kyrgyzstan is a parliamentary republic. In 2021 they transitioned from a parliamentary to a presidential system, they also implemented changes to allow the president to serve two 5-year terms rather than one 6-year term. This change also reduced the number of seats in Kyrgyzstan's legislature from 120 to 90, and established a public advisory council.

Capital city of the country

Bishkek

Independence/dependence on other countries

On August 31, 1991 they gained independence from Russia.

Legal system

Kyrgyzstan has a civil law system, which combines features of French civil law and Russian Federation laws.

Transition of power

The president is directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed. Since their independence from Russia transitions of power have been relatively peaceful.

National anthem

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b-x47JRtf0M

Military and security forces

The Kyrgyzstan military consists of Land Forces, Air Defense Forces, National Guard, Internal Troops, State Committee for National Security (GKNB), and State Border Service (2022). The Kyrgyz military equipment is comprised of mostly older Russian and Soviet-era equipment; Kyrgyzstan relies on donations of military equipment, most of which comes from Russia. Men are able to enroll in the military at 18-27 years of age with a 12-month service obligation (9 months for university graduates). Women can volunteer at age 19.

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A major issue in Kyrgyzstan is the ongoing border conflict with Tajikistan and while outright fighting has died down, the area is still contested. There have also been several issues regarding human rights and unlawful imprisonment in the last year, which have gone unaddressed in the country. There is also their proximity and lack of alignment in the ongoing Russian invasion of Ukraine. Over all more people are emigrating from Kyrgyzstan largely because of the amount of conflict in the region along with poverty and low wages being a large motivating factor.

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The title of the article is “Putting Mongolia on the digital map: Bolton-Erdene Battsengal” and the source of the article is apnews. The article is about Mongolia girls getting help with learning how to code. The article talks about Bolton-Erdene Battsengal who wants to transform Mongolia into a “digital first” country which means helping young people, especially girls in the populated nation to learn how to code. The event took place on February 28, 2023 and it occurred in Mongolia.

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Government type:  Mongolia has different types of government: Republic, Unitary state, Parliamentary republic, Semi-Presidential system. Unitary state is a sovereign state governed as a single entity, the central government is the supreme authority. Parliamentary republic is when it operates under a parliamentary system of government where the executive branch derives its legitimacy from the legislature. The last one is the Semi-Presidential system which is a republic and that is when a President exists alongside a prime minister and a cabinet. Semi-Presidential is the main thing that Mongolia goes by.

Capital city of the country: Ulaanbaatar

Independence/dependence on other countries: Mongolia got its independence approved from China.

Legal system: Mongolia's legal system belongs to continental legal family. Mongolian law originated from the Romano-Germanic or continental, legal system . Their laws are made by the legislature, the State Great Khural (Parliament”). Their legal law is tied to the dissolution of a massive empire and its replacement by an independent, modern nation-state. They have three stages , the first one is that the Great Mongol state was formed and conquered vast territories under Great Zasag Law. Second stage is the integration of such laws as the Mongolian-Oirat Laws, Khalkh Juram law paper, the ministry or statehood Affairs legal document. The final stage is the period of the formation and development of the modern system.

Transition of power: in Mongolia, how a leader is chosen is that unlike the president, the prime minister is chosen by the party with the majority of seats in the State Great Khural. The prime minister leads a major political party and generally commands the majority in the State Great Khural. The President has political parties with representation in the State Great Khural nominate candidates. The President originally had two four- year terms but has been changed to six-year terms.

National anthem: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fs66Jb378wc

Military and security forces: Mongolia has five branches of military: Mongolian Ground Force, Mongolian Air Force, Construction and Engineering forces, Cyber security, and Special forces. How they train their military forces is they practice horsemanship, archery, and unit tactics formations and rotations. How they recruit soldiers is that their military was made up of non-mongols but they also recruited from cities and kingdoms that came under the same power. They have been in South Sudan, Chad, Georgia, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Congo, Western Sahara, Sudan Iraq, Afghanistan, and Sierra Leone.

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Current Event Article

title of article with a link to the article: https://www.aljazeera.com/economy/2023/2/27/will-chinas-latest-investment-in-afghanistan-actually-work
the source of the article: Will China’s latest investment in Afghanistan actually work?
who the article is about: People who live in Afghanistan
the main important facts from your article:Afghanistan has significant potential for oil and gas, Jumrainy said. “Afghanistan was among the major exporters via Turkmenistan to the Soviet Union. However, there hasn’t been sufficient exploration in the last few decades which requires billions in investment,” he said.

when the event took place: Feb 27, 2023

where the event occurred: China and Afghanistan

the main geographic factors involved in the event: Afghanistan has significant potential for oil and gas because of the location.

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Will China’s latest investment in Afghanistan actually work? | Business and Economy | Al Jazeera

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・Climate: Afghanistan has an arid continental climate with considerable temperature and precipitation variation between seasons.

・Most of Afghanistan lies between 2,000 and 10,000 feet (600 and 3,000 metres) in elevation. Along the Amu Darya in the north and the delta of the Helmand River in the southwest, the elevation is about 2,000 feet (600 metres).

・Afghanistan does sit atop huge deposits of copper, iron, marble, talc, coal, lithium, chromite, cobalt, gold, lapis lazuli, gemstones, and more—making Afghanistan one of the world's most resource-rich countries on paper.

・As of 2021, the total population of Afghanistan is around 37,466,414, which includes the 3 million Afghan nationals living in both Pakistan and Iran. About 26% of the population is urbanite and the remaining 74% lives in rural areas.

・Afghanistan is highly prone to intense and recurring natural hazards such as flooding, earthquakes, snow avalanches, landslides and droughts due to its geographical location and years of environmental degradation.

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Pakistani soldiers stand guard in front of the Taliban forces during an organised media tour to the Pakistan-Afghanistan border crossing in Torkham [File: Gibran Peshimam/Reuters]

Torkham, the main border crossing between Afghanistan and Pakistan, has been closed with residents of the area reporting hearing gunfire near the normally bustling border transit point.

It was not immediately clear whether Afghan or Pakistani authorities closed the Torkham border crossing, near the Khyber Pass, but Monday's move comes after relations between Afghanistan's ruling Taliban and Pakistan deteriorated sharply.

Mullah Mohammad Siddiq, a Taliban-appointed commissioner at Torkham, said Pakistan has not been abiding by its "commitments ... so the crossing point was shut down", The Associated Press reported.

Siddiq advised Afghans to avoid travelling to the crossing, located on Afghanistan's side in the country's eastern Nangarhar province, until further notice.

Khalid Khan, a Pakistani police official, confirmed the border closure and what he described as intermittent exchanges of fire at Torkham, located in Pakistan's northwestern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province.

Disputes linked to the 2,600km (1,615 miles) border have been a bone of contention between the neighbours for decades. The Torkham border point is the main point of transit for travellers and goods between Pakistan and landlocked Afghanistan.

Border clashes

Mohammad Ali Shinwari, a resident of Landi Kotal on the Pakistani side, said the border was closed late on Sunday and gunfire erupted early on Monday, Reuters news agency reported.

"When we heard gunshots in the morning, we got worried and believed that troops of the two countries might have started fighting," he said.

Clashes on the border have occurred for years, during the two-decade rule of Afghanistan's US-backed government and since the Taliban took over Afghanistan in 2021.

Clashes between Afghan and Pakistani security forces have also at times closed the second most important crossing between the two countries.

Pakistan has witnessed a surge in armed attacks since November, when the Pakistan Taliban, known by the acronym TTP, ended a months-long ceasefire agreement with the government.

The outlawed TTP is a separate armed group allied with the Taliban in Afghanistan. It has been waging a rebellion against the state of Pakistan for more than a decade.

Pakistan's Foreign Minister Bilawal Bhutto Zardari said at the Munich Security Conference on Sunday that the risks of armed fighting stemming from Afghan soil could affect the world.

A Taliban foreign ministry spokesperson said later Pakistan should raise issues in private and not at public forums. The ministry added that the Taliban administration would not allow its territory to be used against other countries, particularly against its neighbours.

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Torkham border crossing between Afghanistan, Pakistan closed

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Torkham, the main border crossing between Afghanistan and Pakistan, has been closed with residents of the area reporting hearing gunfire near the normally bustling border transit point. It was not immediately clear whether Afghan or Pakistani authorities closed the Torkham border crossing, near the Khyber Pass, but Monday's move comes after relations between Afghanistan's ruling Taliban and Pakistan deteriorated sharply.

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Country facts

・Climate: Afghanistan has an arid continental climate with considerable temperature and precipitation variation between seasons.

・Most of Afghanistan lies between 2,000 and 10,000 feet (600 and 3,000 metres) in elevation. Along the Amu Darya in the north and the delta of the Helmand River in the southwest, the elevation is about 2,000 feet (600 metres).

・Afghanistan does sit atop huge deposits of copper, iron, marble, talc, coal, lithium, chromite, cobalt, gold, lapis lazuli, gemstones, and more—making Afghanistan one of the world's most resource-rich countries on paper.

・As of 2021, the total population of Afghanistan is around 37,466,414, which includes the 3 million Afghan nationals living in both Pakistan and Iran. About 26% of the population is urbanite and the remaining 74% lives in rural areas.

・Afghanistan is highly prone to intense and recurring natural hazards such as flooding, earthquakes, snow avalanches, landslides and droughts due to its geographical location and years of environmental degradation.

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At least 70 people killed as cold wave sweeps Afghanistan

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About 70,000 cattle have perished in a week as many provinces witness deep freeze amid a humanitarian crisis.

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Country facts

・Climate: Afghanistan has an arid continental climate with considerable temperature and precipitation variation between seasons.

・Most of Afghanistan lies between 2,000 and 10,000 feet (600 and 3,000 metres) in elevation. Along the Amu Darya in the north and the delta of the Helmand River in the southwest, the elevation is about 2,000 feet (600 metres).

・Afghanistan does sit atop huge deposits of copper, iron, marble, talc, coal, lithium, chromite, cobalt, gold, lapis lazuli, gemstones, and more—making Afghanistan one of the world's most resource-rich countries on paper.

・As of 2021, the total population of Afghanistan is around 37,466,414, which includes the 3 million Afghan nationals living in both Pakistan and Iran. About 26% of the population is urbanite and the remaining 74% lives in rural areas.

・Afghanistan is highly prone to intense and recurring natural hazards such as flooding, earthquakes, snow avalanches, landslides and droughts due to its geographical location and years of environmental degradation.

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Afghan female student leave Kabul University in Kabul, Afghanistan, on December 21, 2022 [File: Stringer/EPA]

The United Nations aid chief has said the humanitarian community was speaking with Taliban officials to try and gain further exemptions and written guidelines to allow some female aid workers to operate in Afghanistan despite a ban on women NGO staff.

"I have been told by a number of Taliban leaders that the Taliban, as an administration, is working on guidelines which will provide more clarity about the role and possibility and hopefully the freedom of women to work in humanitarian work," Martin Griffiths, the UN Undersecretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs, told reporters on Wednesday.

Griffiths said that - during discussions with Taliban authorities in Kabul over the last few days - his message had been: "If you can't help us rescind the ban, give us the exemptions to allow women to operate."

He also said that he hoped more humanitarian sectors would be reopened for women workers.

"I think it's really important that we keep the light shining on the process to lead to those guidelines," he added.

It was the second UN-led delegation that came to Afghanistan this month to urge the Taliban government to reverse two recent decrees that have severely restricted women's rights, which include banning women from working in NGOs and being barred from university education.

Last week, UN Deputy Secretary-General Amina Mohammed told Al Jazeera that some progress was made on women's rights during her talks with Taliban officials but added that much remained to be achieved.

The high-level visits come amid widespread criticism of the governing Taliban for banning women from universities and NGOs last month.

Taliban officials have claimed the two bans were imposed because women were not observing rules on wearing the hijab, an allegation denied by aid workers and university students.

The Taliban's ban on women working in NGOs has prompted major international aid agencies to suspend operations in Afghanistan. It also raised fears that millions will be deprived of critical services.

In recent weeks, the authorities have allowed women to work in the health sector only.

Since returning to power in August 2021, the Taliban government has rapidly squeezed women out of public life, banning them also from secondary education and public sector work, as well as parks and baths.

Griffiths promised that when it comes to delivering aid in the poverty-stricken country, the global humanitarian community will insist on deploying women workers.

"Wherever there are chances for us to deliver humanitarian assistance and protection in a principled way, which means with women, we will do so," he said.

But getting more exemptions for women to work across all humanitarian sectors was an important task at this stage.

"We don't have time. The winter is with us, people are dying, famine is looming," he said.

"We need decisions now, which is why I think these practical exceptions that we have been talking about are so important."

Uncertain outcome

However, Griffiths cautioned that the final outcome was still not certain.

He also pointed out that, as well as authorities in Kabul, speaking with provincial governors and leaders in the southern city of Kandahar - home of the Taliban's supreme spiritual leader who has the final say on major decisions - would be key.

"It's very important to engage with the Taliban movement as a whole, that includes ... Kandahar, and also with Taliban at the provincial levels," he said.

Though he said the UN would continue to try and operate in the country wherever they could, there was a concern that international donors might not want to commit to the huge financial cost of aid at approximately $4.6bn a year.

Yet the Taliban has dismissed UN claims that the country will collapse due to economic problems as "not correct".

To: UNOCHA

The claim of the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (UNOCHA) that the system will collapse due to economic problems is not correct.
1/3

- Zabihullah (..ذبـــــیح الله م ) (@Zabehulah_M33) January 25, 2023

"The Islamic Emirate [the Taliban's name for Afghanistan] has deep roots, it is not a system that relies on foreign aid to collapse due to economic problems," Taliban spokesman Zabihullah Mujahid wrote on Twitter.

"Of course, any country that has experienced such a long war and invasions will have economic problems for some time, but the Islamic Emirate is determined to revive all the economic resources of the country, rebuild the economy, and in the last one an half year major steps have been taken that are still ongoing."

Afghanistan confronts one of the world's worst humanitarian crises, aid agencies say, with more than half of its 38 million population facing hunger and nearly four million children suffering from malnutrition.

According to the UN, 28 million people were in need of aid, including six million on the brink of famine.

Source: Al Jazeera and news agencies

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Taliban working on guidelines for women NGO workers: UN says

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The United Nations aid chief has said the humanitarian community was speaking with Taliban officials to try and gain further exemptions and written guidelines to allow some female aid workers to operate in Afghanistan despite a ban on women NGO staff.

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The most pressing environmental issues in Kyrgyzstan are pollution of water resources and land degradation from improper/unregulated agricultural practices. These issues were more pressing in the 90’s and have improved since then, however these issues are still impacting the country and its people. Coal is the primary source of heat in many homes and the smoke and residue of coal fires has polluted the drinking water surrounding the most populous areas of Kyrgyzstan.

55% of Kyrgyzstan’s land is used for agriculture, this is primarily because so much of the country is made up of high grasslands with easily accessible water sources. Agricultural practices also have a relatively low entry cost, and upon the dissolution of the Soviet Union Kyrgyzstan would have lost a lot of economic and financial support making agriculture an appealing and accessible source of income.

17% of Kyrgyzstan’s population is food insecure as of October 2022, the driving reason behind the insecurity is financial complications. Individuals can’t afford goods due to low income or increased product prices.

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Total population: 6,071,750 people

Nationality: Kyrgyzstani (s)

Ethnic groups that live in the country: Kyrgyz 73.8%, Uzbek 14.8%, Russian 5.1%, Dungan 1.1%, other 5.2%

Languages spoken: major language is Kyrgyz

Religions practiced: Muslim 90% (majority Sunni), Christian 7% (Russian Orthodox 3%), other 3%

Age structure (population pyramid) (Include a picture of the population pyramid and explain what factors have contributed to this age structure.): Over 45% of the population is under the age of 25.

Details and implications of each of the following: (Based on what you have learned in this class so far, explain what implications these details have for the population of the country in the next 50 years.)

Median age: The median age is 27.3 indicating, as the pyramid shows that a majority of their population is under 25. This indicates a lower life expectancy and a high fertility rate.

Population growth rate: 0.86%, despite the birth rate being higher than the death rate Kyrgyzstan’s population is decreasing, primarily due to migration.
Birth rate: 19.54 births/1000 population, this demonstrates how the economy and culture of Kyrgyzstan is shifting from an agrarian focused country towards industrialization.
Death rate: 6.12 deaths/1000 population, their death rate is far below their birth rate which would indicate a population increase if immigration didn’t play a part.
Total fertility rate: 2.5 children born/woman, this fertility rate is indicative of a country shifting more fully into industrialism, they are still ‘replacing’ the population but because of decreased infant mortality and increased GDP the fertility rate isn’t as high as in previous years.

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Country Facts:

Landlocked country in Central Asia, bordered by Kazakhstan to the north, Uzbekistan to the west, Tajikistan to the south, and the People’s Republic of China to the east.

Area of the country

Total: 199,951 km2

Land: 192,753 km2

Water: 7,198 km2

Climates

Subtropical Fergana Valley

Temperate Northern foothills

Dry Continental & Polar Desert Tian Shan

Mountainous region covers 80% of the country with the rest being valleys and basins, with a closed drainage system of rivers

Elevation of the country

Highest: 7,439 m, Peak Jengish Chokusu

Lowest: 132 m, Kara-Daryya

Natural resources: Lots of metal deposits including gold and rare-earth metals, the rivers are used for hydro-electricity.

Population distribution: Most of the population is concentrated in the North around the capital or to the East along its border with Uzbekistan

Natural hazards: Due to Kyrgyzstan’s mountainous nature it’s vulnerable to earthquakes, floods, landslides, mudflows, avalanches

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I chose Mongolia and the title of the article is “Mongolians protest alleged theft of coal sold to China”. This article is from APnews and this article is about Mongolians protesting against the alleged theft of coal that is solid to China. In the article it says that “They were demanding that the government hold officials accountable for the alleged theft of 385,000 tons of coal from stockpiles on Mongolia’s border with China.” The protestors were stomping their feet so they stayed warm in this freezing weather. Majority of the protesters were college students in their 20s and 30s. If you don’t love your country, why be a citizen?” said one. A black board held up by another said, “We want to live with dignity in our country.” Mongolians aren’t happy about being accused of theft with China because it paints them in a bad way. This event took place December 6, 2022 in ULAANBAATAR, Mongolia.

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COUNTRY INFORMATION: MONGOLIA

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I onto added the current event but I will add the country specific information

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The article I chose is “Mongolia vows to clean up coal trade after fury over China deals” and it is found on Aljazeera website. This article actually corresponds to the previous article that I chose because the last article was about how Mongolians are accused of stealing coal from China. So this article is about how Mongolia vows to clean up coal trade after fury over China deals. The important facts of this article is that the government says it has a solution to put a stop to years of shady business deals. The government had planned to start the bidding process later this year but had to expedite the process following public outcry over corruption. The event took place on January 25, 2023 and it happened in Mongolia.

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Total population: 3.348 million

Nationality: Mongolian is the main, Turkic, Tugusic, others: Chinese and Russian.

Ethnic groups that live there: Khalkas are the largest groups

Language: Mongolian which is spoken by 94% of the population.

Age structure: contributes: fertility, mortality, and international migration trends

Median age: 28

Population growth rate: 1.6% annual change

Birth rate: 2.90 births per woman

Death rate: 5.5 per 1,000 people

Total fertility rate: 2.90 births per woman