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- He did not allow the construction of new temples, churches, synagogues, etc. However, he demolished the Somnath temple, where he faced political opposition from Marathas, Jats, etc. Apart from that, he ordered the destruction of a number of temples in Gujarat.
- brick and rubble with stucco ornamentation replaced the squared stone and marble used in the past.
-He built Bibi Ka Maqbara in Aurangabad,  Badshahi Masjid in Lahore. He also built Moti Masjid, and Badshahi Mosque, the largest mosque in the Indian subcontinent.

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- several rebellions and wars marked Aurangzeb's reign. This resulted in much state wealth being directed toward war and defense.
- Jizya, abolished for nearly a century, was reimposed in 1679

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- He was himself an accomplished Veena player. He patronized music for the first 10 years of his reign
- However, he is said to have later banished singers from the court. Instrumental music continued
-Kathak dancers went back to their rural homes and villages in hiding. They were treated as social outcasts.

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- It is thought that the decline of Mughal paintings resulted from Aurangzeb’s curtailing of state expenditure on the arts.
- Instead of the lavish paintings of Shah Jahan’s period, portraiture became simplified. Portraits either represent him as a fearsome warrior in his youth or as an elderly devout Muslim reading the Qur’an.
- Aurangzeb also patronized Islamic calligraphy and was himself an accomplished calligraphist.

- The textile industry thrived during Aurangzeb’s reign. It had intricate works of silk and brocade.

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His justice administration promoted equality in the Empire. All were treated equally.

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1. Persian literature : Many biographies and historical works were composed during his reign. Ex Ain-I-Akbari by Abul Fazl.

2. Sanskrit literature : Important Sanskrit works were composed Ex : Shringar Darpan by Padma Sunder.

3. Sanskrit- Persian dictionary was composed under the title ' Parsi Prakash'.

4. Hindi : Patronized Hindi whole heartedly. Important Hindi poets were - Birbal, Man Singh,etc

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All Mughal rulers patronized Persian literary figures. Babur wrote poems in both Persian and Turkish.

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- He made extensive use of white marble as opposed to red sandstone which was preferred by his predecessors.
- Ex : Taj Mahal
-There is also a brilliant use of pietra dura and mirror work in other buildings like Jama Masjid in Delhi, Moti Masjid in the Agra fort .

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He introduced Pietra dura works in his buildings . Ex : tomb of Itimad-ud-Daula.
Peitra dura : inlay technique of pictorial mosaic work using cut and fitted, highly polished semi-precious stones as a decorative art.

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- Being a man of liberal attitude he allowed co-mingling of indigenous Indian traditions with West Asiatic architecture style.  Ex: Jama masjid, Buland Darwaza

- As a result of his Rajput policy, one can see an integration of Islamic and Hindu architecture in Rajput structures.

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1. Humayun's tomb : known as a precursor of Taj Mahal was the first imposing structure of Mughals was built by his widow wife Hamida Begum. The mausoleum built upon a raised platform is a mix of Indian and Persian artistry using red stone and white marble.

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Paintings commissioned be him were based on themes like gardens and pictures that have great aesthetic pleasure.

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1. He was influenced by European painting and ordered his painters to follow the single perspective used by European artists.
As a result Mughal paintings had finer brush strokes and lighter colours.

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Individual miniatures replaced wall paintings

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1. Kathak entered Mughal courts, and entered golden era during Akbar's period. It is an Indian classical dance that came under the influence of other forms of dance, especially Persian.

2. Dress at the court was of Persian styles and court dancers too adopted the style.

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His interest and patronage of music led to great progress in instrumental as well as vocal music.
Ex : Akbar patronized musician, Tansen in his court and he was credited with the invention of RAGA DEEPAK. He has also introduced several Ragas, which have become important in Hindustani tradition.

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Political and economic stability ( as a result of his policies like Rajput policy, Mansabdari system, land revenue policy) , security & Akbar's national attitude created a favourable atmosphere for the fusion of both Hindu and Islamic culture.

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He introduced popular food ,Khichdi

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- He introduced Central Asian fruits like grapes and musk melon in India

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He built Ram Bagh, the first Mughal Garden in India  in Charbagh Style located in Agra.