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-cholinergic receptor
- acts as blocking drug

1. atropine

2. dicyclomine (Bentyl®)

3. ipratropium bromide (Atrovent®)

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- inhibit acetylcholinesterase, increase ACH

neostigmine (Prostigmin®)

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-Direct acting Cholinergic Agonists
-directly stimulate/bind to muscarinic receptors

1. acetylcholine

2. pilocarpine (Pilocar®

3. bethanechol (Urecholine®)

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-Non selective Beta Blockers
- block beta 1 and 2 receptors
-decreases force of contraction, HR, conduction, cardiac output, BP

1. nadolol (Corgard®)

2. propanolol (Inderal®)

3. timolol (Blocadren®)

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- selective beta 1 blockers
- decreases force of contraction, HR, conduction, cardiac output and BP

1. atenolol (Tenormin®)

2. metoprolol (Lopressor®)

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- Beta 2 receptors
- relaxes smooth muscle of lungs and uterus

1. albuterol (Proventil®, Ventolin®)-bronchodilator

2. terbutaline (Brethine®)-bronchodilator, uterine relaxant

3. formoterol (Foradil®)-bronchodilator

4. salmeterol (Serevent®)-bronchodilator

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-Beta 1 Adrenergic agonists
- stimulates d-1 receptors, beta 1 receptors increasinng force of contraction/cardiac output, and alpha 1 causing vasoconstriction

dobutamine

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- alpha 1 receptors and blocks them
-relaxes smooth muscles, vasodialation, decreases BP

prazosin (Minipress®)-HTN

2. terazosin (Hytrin®) -HTN, BPH

3. doxazosin (Cardura®)-HTN, BPH

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- all alpha and beta receptors
- vasopressor-vasoconstriction, increases BP

epinephrine (Adrenalin®)

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- alpha 1 receptor stimulated
- contracts smooth muscle, blood vessels constrict, BP increases

phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine®)

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End Organ Responses of Sympathetic Nervous System

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End Organ Responses of Sympathetic Nervous System

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Adrenal Medulla- release of epinephrine

Arteries- vasoconstriction

Heart- increases heart rate and contractibility and AV conduction

Intestines- decreased

Postganglionic neurotransmitter- norepinephrine released

pupil of eye- dilation

Respiratory passages- Bronchodilation

Urinary bladder- relaxation

Urinary Sphincter- contraction

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End Organ Responses of Parasympathetic System

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End Organ Responses of Parasympathetic System

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Heart- decreases heart rate and AV conduction, slight decrease in contracility

Intestines- increased

Postganglionic neurotransmitter- ACH released

pupil of eye- constriction

Respiratory passages- Bronchoconstriction

Urinary Bladder- contraction

Urinary sphincter - relaxation

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Muscarinic receptors: located on smooth and cardiac muscle, glands

Nictotinic-1: at ganglia of parasympathetic nerves and sympathetic nerves

Nicotinic-2: located on skeletal muscle

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Alpha-1 : found on glands, smooth muscles, eyes, arteries, and veins

Beta-1: located on the heart

Beta-2: located on smooth muscle, lungs, uterus, skeletal muslce and coronary arteries

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In Parasympathetic System NT released at ganglia is ACH and NT released at postganglionic nerve endings is ACH

In Sympathetic Nervous System, NT is released at ganglia from presynaptic nerve endings, and at postganglionic nerve endings

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Neurotransmitters of Sympathetic Nervous System: Acetylcholine, Norepinephrine, Epinephrine, Dopamine

Neurotransmitters of Parasympathetic Nervous System: Acetylcholine

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1. Sympathetic (Adrenergic)
2. Parasympathetic (Cholinergic)