# data[].attributes.body
In the world of education, the concept of Culturally Responsive Teaching(CRT) has gained significant traction in recent years. There will always be a new theory or concept for teachers to learn and adapt to their teaching. This approach to teaching values students' cultural backgrounds to enhance students learning outcomes. Zaretta Hammond book, "Culturally Responsive Teaching and the Brain," delves into this topic, and offers insights backed by neuroscientific research.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Education Buzzwords Defined: What Is Culturally Responsive Teaching?

# data[].attributes.headline
Chapter 1-Understanding Culture and It's Impact on Learning

# data[].attributes.subject
Chapter 1-Understanding Culture and It's Impact on Learning

# data[].attributes.body
In chapter one, Hammond starts to pick apart the notion of culture and its major impact on learning processes in students. A point that stood out to me is when Hammond stated that many students will act out and be sent to the principal's office, when really what they need is a culturally responsive teacher to respond to their needs (Hammond, 2015, p. 13). Culture is more than just ethnicity; it includes aspects such as family background, socioeconomic status, and community dynamics.

# data[].attributes.body
Chapter two focuses on the intricate workings of culture and the differentiation between the multiple levels of culture and sociopolitical status. Think of culture like a tree. Some things can be seen on the surface level, like the branches and leaves, but some stuff is buried deep in a person, like a tree's roots. Deep culture is where the funds of knowledge are stored(Hammond, 2015, p. 23). Knowing how culture affects students' learning starts with understanding that culture is not just something that can be observed in one day. Secondly, a very important concept of the chapter is that poverty is not culture. Poverty is not a lifestyle choice, so it should not be considered as part of a student's culture (Hammond, 2015, p. 23). It is important to consider sociopolitical status when determining the diverse needs of a student, but not part of one's culture.

# data[].attributes.body
An analogy that Hammond uses throughout the book is the comparison between your brain and parts of a computer. Chapter three discusses the hardware of the brain or its physical parts(Hammond, 2015, p. 37). Now, if you are anything like me and do not have a scientific brain, this information can be a little hard to digest at first. I will try my best to break down these more challenging concepts for you. It is important to acknowledge that our brains are in control of our emotions and social experiences. CRT calls for teachers to better understand how our students' brains work and how their culture and social surroundings affect how they see and react to certain events. It is crucial to create a learning atmosphere where students feel welcomed and stress-free. This starts with the amygdala or The Guard Dog, which is the part of the brain that tells you what is a threat. Every student will interpret events differently based on a student's background, and teachers need to be able to adapt to these differing views in their teaching.

# data[].attributes.body
I read this book in my undergrad, and I see many parallels between Hammond's book and this one by Gholdy Muhammad. I would definitely recommend.

# data[].attributes.body
In the realm of pop culture, Disney's animated classic "Beauty and the Beast" has captured the hearts of audiences worldwide since its release in 1991. While celebrated for its enchanting tale of love and redemption, a closer examination reveals the perpetuation of stereotypes related to gender, beauty standards, and the dynamics of power and agency.

Belle, the protagonist, is depicted as an intelligent and independent woman, but her worth is often tied to her physical appearance and desirability as a romantic partner. The Beast represents the stereotypical masculine figure, initially domineering and aggressive.

Beauty Standards: The characters conform to conventional standards of beauty, with Belle as the epitome of physical attractiveness despite her supposed "oddness" in her village, and the Beast's transformation into a handsome prince reinforcing that external appearance equates to worth.

Power Dynamics: The Beast holds power over Belle due to his physical strength and position as her captor, while Belle is initially portrayed as submissive and compliant.

The underlying messages conveyed through these stereotypes perpetuate harmful ideals such as gender norms.

Belle's intelligence and independence are overshadowed by her narrative arc focused on romance and domesticity, reinforcing the notion that a woman's ultimate goal is to find love and conform to traditional gender roles. The film suggests that physical appearance determines one's value, implying that only those who meet societal beauty standards are worthy of love and happiness. The narrative reinforces the idea that power imbalances in relationships are acceptable, with Belle ultimately falling in love with her captor, thereby romanticizing Stockholm syndrome.

The perpetuation of these stereotypes hinders efforts to create inclusive and equitable learning environments by reinforcing harmful societal norms. Portrayals like those in "Beauty and the Beast" contribute to the normalization of gender inequality by presenting Belle's submission to the Beast as romantic rather than problematic. The film perpetuates narrow beauty standards, potentially leading viewers to internalize unrealistic expectations about physical appearance. By romanticizing the power dynamics between Belle and the Beast, the film may contribute to the normalization of abusive behaviors in relationships.

To address and counteract stereotypes perpetuated by pop culture like "Beauty and the Beast," educators can encourage students to critically analyze media representations and question the underlying messages conveyed.

Narratives: Incorporate diverse perspectives and narratives into the curriculum to challenge stereotypes and amplify marginalized voices. Teach students to deconstruct media portrayals and recognize the impact of stereotypes on individuals and society.

Educators can harness the power of pop culture to promote diversity, equity, and inclusion in the classroom by choosing media that challenges stereotypes and promotes diverse representations of gender, race, and identity. Use pop culture as a springboard for discussions about social issues, encouraging students to critically engage with media messages. Provide opportunities for students to create their own media content that reflects diverse perspectives and challenges stereotypes.

In conclusion, while "Beauty and the Beast" may be a beloved classic, its portrayal of stereotypes underscores the importance of critical media literacy and multicultural education in challenging harmful narratives and promoting social justice. Educators have a crucial role to play in addressing and counteracting stereotypes perpetuated by pop culture and using media as a tool for promoting diversity, equity, and inclusion in the classroom.

# data[].attributes.body
Here is another viewpoint on how racial discrimination is portrayed in the movie.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Beauty and the Beast (Racial Discrimination)

# data[].attributes.body
Leveraging Neuroscience for Mindset Shifts

Understanding the neuroscience behind learning can empower educators to effectively support students in shifting their mindsets. Hammond (2014) asserts that the brain is inherently adaptable and capable of forming new connections and pathways through experiences and practice. By integrating this knowledge into teaching practices, educators can create environments conducive to fostering growth mindsets among students.

According to Hammond (2014), neuroscience research highlights the importance of providing opportunities for students to engage in tasks that challenge their existing beliefs and abilities. By encouraging students to embrace challenges and view setbacks as opportunities for growth, educators can help cultivate resilience and a growth mindset.

Furthermore, Hammond (2014) emphasizes the role of culturally responsive teaching in leveraging neuroscience to support mindset shifts. Recognizing and validating students' diverse cultural backgrounds and experiences can enhance their sense of belonging and self-efficacy, facilitating positive mindset changes.

Incorporating strategies such as growth mindset feedback, goal setting, and metacognitive reflection into instruction can further reinforce students' belief in their ability to learn and succeed. By aligning teaching practices with the principles of neuroscience, educators can empower students to embrace challenges, persist in the face of setbacks, and cultivate a growth mindset conducive to academic success.

Becoming a Warm Demander: Allyship for Dependent Learners

Hammond (2014) introduces the concept of being a warm demander as a powerful approach to supporting dependent learners. A warm demander is an educator who combines high expectations with a supportive and nurturing demeanor, holding students accountable for their learning while providing the necessary scaffolding and encouragement.

For educators, embodying the role of a warm demander involves establishing trusting relationships with students, understanding their individual needs and challenges, and setting clear academic expectations. By creating a classroom environment characterized by warmth, empathy, and respect, educators can foster a sense of belonging and safety conducive to learning.

Additionally, Hammond (2014) underscores the importance of maintaining high expectations for all students, regardless of their perceived academic abilities. By believing in students' potential and challenging them to reach higher levels of cognitive development, educators can empower dependent learners to achieve academic success.

As warm demanders, educators play a crucial role in advocating for the academic and social-emotional needs of dependent learners. By providing targeted support, personalized feedback, and growth opportunities, educators can serve as allies in helping dependent learners overcome obstacles and thrive academically.

In conclusion, "Culturally Responsive Teaching and the Brain" by Zaretta Hammond offers valuable insights into leveraging neuroscience to support mindset shifts and advocate for dependent learners. By integrating principles of neuroscience with culturally responsive teaching practices, educators can create inclusive learning environments where all students feel valued, supported, and capable of achieving their full potential.

# data[].attributes.body
In today's increasingly digital world, digital literacy has become an important skill for success in education, employment, and daily life. But what exactly is digital literacy, and why is it important? Digital literacy refers to the ability to find, evaluate, create, and communicate information effectively using digital technologies. It encompasses a range of skills, including navigating online platforms, critically evaluating online information, and using digital tools for communication and collaboration.

In underserved communities, achieving digital equity is a critical challenge. Several key factors influence digital equity in these communities, including access to technology, internet connectivity, digital skills training, and socioeconomic barriers. Without access to reliable internet service and appropriate digital devices, individuals in underserved communities are at a disadvantage when it comes to accessing educational resources, applying for jobs, and participating in civic life.

Recent research highlights the urgency of addressing digital equity issues, particularly in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. The "Preliminary Fall 2020 Digital Equity Survey Results" by NYS ED (2020) revealed disparities in access to technology and internet connectivity among students, with students from low-income families and rural areas facing greater challenges. Similarly, Benjamin Herold's article, "All That Ed Tech Schools Bought During the Pandemic Won’t Improve Equity. Here’s Why," emphasizes the need for comprehensive strategies to address digital equity issues beyond simply purchasing technology devices.

To bridge the digital divide and promote digital equity in underserved communities, effective strategies and policies are needed. Sarah Bishop, Christina Quintanilla-Muñoz, and Thomas Marshall III, in their "Literature Review –Digital Equity and Inclusion for Education," outline several promising approaches, including:

1. Investment in Infrastructure: Increasing access to high-speed internet service and expanding broadband infrastructure in underserved areas is crucial for ensuring equitable access to digital resources.

2. Equitable Distribution of Technology: Providing students and families with access to affordable or subsidized digital devices, such as laptops or tablets, can help bridge the digital divide and ensure that all individuals have the tools they need to succeed.

3. Digital Skills Training: Offering digital literacy programs and training opportunities for individuals of all ages can empower them with the skills needed to navigate the digital world effectively.

4. Community Partnerships: Collaborating with community organizations, businesses, and government agencies can help leverage resources and expertise to address digital equity challenges more effectively.

By implementing these strategies and policies, we can work towards closing the digital divide and promoting digital equity for all individuals, regardless of their socioeconomic background or geographic location.

References:

Bishop, S., Quintanilla-Muñoz, C., & Marshall III, T. (2022). Literature Review –Digital Equity and Inclusion for Education.

Herold, B. (2022). All That Ed Tech Schools Bought During the Pandemic Won’t Improve Equity. Here’s Why. https://www.edweek.org/technology/all-that-ed-tech-schools-bought-during-the-pandemic-wont-improve-equity-heres-why/2022/11

NYS ED. (2020). Preliminary Fall 2020 Digital Equity Survey Results.