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Ending the war between the United States and Mexico, the U.S. received territory through the treaty. The War reopened the slavery extension issue, which divided the North and South and which had been largely dormant since the Missouri Compromise.

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supported free grants of public land to settlers and opposed the extension of slavery to the western territories.They were a party of westerners and northerners and their opposition to slavery meant that trying to win the south was both impossible and inadvisable

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a general and national hero in the United States Army from the time of the Mexican-American War and the War of 1812, was elected the 12th U.S. President, serving from March 1849 until his death in July 1850. His home was in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, and he owned a plantation in Mississippi.

But Taylor did not defend slavery or southern sectionalism, causing tension between the north and the south.

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The compromise admitted California to the United States as a free (no slavery) state but allowed some newly acquired territories to decide on slavery for themselves. The Compromise caused an imbalance with 15 slaves and 19 free states, resulting in political and economical power which favored the North, causing sectionalism.

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was part of the Compromise of 1850. The act required that slaves be returned to their owners, even if they were in a free state. The act also made the federal government responsible for finding, returning, and trying escaped slaves. This had increased sectionalism by intensifying the debate over slavery causing tension between states

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Uncle Tom’s Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe (1852)

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Uncle Tom’s Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe (1852)

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is an anti-slavery novel by American author Harriet Beecher Stowe. Published in two volumes in 1852, the novel had a profound effect on attitudes toward African Americans and slavery in the U.S. and is said to have helped lay the groundwork for the Civil War. Uncle Tom's Cabin widened the chasm between the North and the South, greatly strengthened Northern abolitionism

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was the 14th president of the United States, serving from 1853 to 1857. He was a northern Democrat who believed that the abolitionist movement was a fundamental threat to the nation's unity. President Franklin Pierce signed the Kansas-Nebraska Act, which was designed to solve the issue of expanding slavery into the territories. However, it failed miserably, the Kansas-Nebraska Act was one of the key political events that led to the American Civil War.

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The Kansas-Nebraska Act repealed the Missouri Compromise, created two new territories, and allowed for popular sovereignty. it raised the possibility that slavery could be extended into territories where it had once been banned.

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The Republican Party was formed primarily in opposition to the Democratic Party. It consisted mainly of antislavery Whigs, whose party had dissolved by the end of 1854 due to conflict over the issue of slavery, the work of anti-slavery Democrats, and members of the Free-Soil Party. Whig Party meet to establish a new party to oppose the spread of slavery into the western territories.

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was a series of violent civil confrontations in Kansas Territory, and to a lesser extent in western Missouri, between 1854 and 1859. It emerged from a political and ideological debate over the legality of slavery in the proposed state of Kansas.  Pro- and antislavery activists flooded into the new Kansas territory, each side seeking to turn popular sovereignty to their own advantage. As the two sides traded outbursts of violence and intimidation, “Bleeding Kansas” would generate national headlines, further inflaming sectional tensions over slavery's future.

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in the United States Senate chamber, when Representative Preston Brooks, a pro-slavery Democrat from South Carolina, used a walking cane to attack Senator Charles Sumner, an abolitionist Republican from Massachusetts. This Pro slavery document could lead to sectional tension between the north and the south because of the subject of slavery.

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Buchanan's passivity is considered by many historians to have been a prime contributing factor in the coming of the Civil War. Although he tried to prevent war, many of his policies ended up dividing the Union even further.  By refusing to take a firm stand on either side of the slavery issue, Buchanan failed to resolve the question, leaving his nation's gravest crisis to his successor

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The Lecompton Constitution is a pro-slavery document. If approved it would allow slavery in the state of Kansas. It contained clauses protecting slaveholding and a bill of rights excluding free blacks, and it added to the frictions leading up to the U.S. Civil War.  This would cause an unbalance between slave states and non-slave states.  The Lecompton Constitution added to the friction between the north and the south leading up to the U.S. Civil War.

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was a landmark decision of the United States Supreme Court that held the United States Constitution did not extend American citizenship to people of black African descent, enslaved or free. So they could not enjoy the rights and privileges the Constitution conferred upon American citizens.  The Dred Scott Decision outraged abolitionists, who saw the Supreme Court's ruling as a way to stop debate about slavery in the territories. The divide between North and South over slavery grew and culminated in the secession of southern states from the Union and the creation of the Confederate States of America.

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Abolitionist John Brown leads a small group on a raid against a federal armory in Harpers Ferry, Virginia in an attempt to start an armed revolt of enslaved people and destroy the institution of slavery.  John Brown's raid on Harper's Ferry increased tension between North and South because many Southerners, already weary of Northerners who were abolitionists, began to envision that all abolitionists were radicals like Brown, intent on ending slavery at any cost to Southern society.

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The Election of 1860 demonstrated the divisions within the United States just before the Civil War. Sectional tension increased because the newly-elected Lincoln would not agree to any extension of slavery. Which lead to the southern being aggravated with Lincoln.

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South Carolina became the first state to secede from the federal Union on December 20, 1860. The victory of Abraham Lincoln in the 1860 presidential election triggered cries for disunion across the slave holding South. The primary reasoning behind South Carolina's declaring of secession from the U.S., which was described as "increasing hostility on the part of the non-slave holding States to the Institution of Slavery". This will start to movement of other southern states also wanting to succeed to get away from the anti-slave activist

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This was an unsuccessful proposal to permanently enshrine slavery in the United States constitution and thereby making it unconstitutional for the future congress to ban slavery.  This will strike fear in the Southerns who are completely up for slavery and the ones who make all their money off slaves.  This will make southerns infuriated and will caused tensions between the north and the south.