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This is an overview of the events that will be in my timeline.

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The first women's rights convention is held in Seneca Falls, New York. There, 68 women and 32 men sign a Declaration of Sentiments, which modeled on the Declaration of Independence, outlines grievances and sets the agenda for the women's rights movem

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1848: The First Woman's Rights Convention

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1848: The First Woman's Rights Convention

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Summary: In 1848 the First Women's Right Convention (also known as the Seneca Falls Convention) was held in New York. The convention was held to "[fight] for the social, civil and religious rights of women" (1). Some of the goals included, to be represented in government, women's speaking rights about politics, and women’s equality in politics, family, education, jobs, religion and morals.
Overall, this convention secured women's voting rights.

Original Article: https://www.history.com/topics/womens-rights/seneca-falls-convention
Annotated Article: https://kami.app/GKh-H5g-jdh-n1D

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Contents

1. What Was the Seneca Falls Convention?

2. Who Organized the Seneca Falls Convention

3. Declaration of Sentiments

4. The Resolutions

5. Reactions to the Seneca Falls Convention

6. The Fight for Women's Rights

The Seneca Falls Convention was the first women's rights convention in the United States. Held in July 1848 in Seneca Falls, New York, the meeting launched the women's suffrage movement, which more than seven decades later ensured women the right to vote.
WATCH: Women's History Documentaries on HISTORY Vault
What Was the Seneca Falls Convention?

Originally known as the Woman's Rights Convention, the Seneca Falls Convention fought for the social, civil and religious rights of women. The meeting was held from July 19 to 20, 1848 at the Wesleyan Chapel in Seneca Falls, New York.

Despite scarce publicity, 300 people-mostly area residents-showed up. On the first day, only women were allowed to attend (the second day was open to men).

Elizabeth Cady Stanton, one of the meeting's organizers, began with a speech on the convention's goals and purpose:
"We are assembled to protest against a form of government, existing without the consent of the governed-to declare our right to be free as man is free, to be represented in the government which we are taxed to support, to have such disgraceful laws as give man the power to chastise and imprison his wife, to take the wages which she earns, the property which she inherits, and, in case of separation, the children of her love."
The convention proceeded to discuss the 11 resolutions on women's rights. All passed unanimously except for the ninth resolution, which demanded the right to vote for women. Stanton and African American abolitionist Frederick Douglass gave impassioned speeches in its defense before it eventually (and barely) passed.

Who Organized the Seneca Falls Convention

The five women who organized the Seneca Falls Convention were also active in the abolitionist movement, which called for an end to slavery and racial discrimination. They included:

Elizabeth Cady Stanton, a leading women's rights advocate who was a driving organizer of the Seneca Falls Convention. Stanton first became invested in women's rights after talking to her father, a law professor, and his students. She studied at Troy Female Seminary and worked on women's property rights reform in the early 1840s.

Lucretia Mott, a Quaker preacher from Philadelphia, was known for her anti-slavery, women's rights and religious reform activism.

Mary M'Clintock, the daughter of Quaker anti-slavery, temperance and women's rights activists. In 1833, M'Clintock and Mott organized the Philadelphia Female Anti-Slavery Society. At the Seneca Falls Convention, M'Clintock was appointed secretary.

Martha Coffin Wright, Lucretia Mott's sister. In addition to being a lifelong proponent of women's rights, she was an abolitionist who ran a station on the Underground Railroad from her Auburn, New York, home.

Jane Hunt, another Quaker activist, was a member of M'Clintock's extended family through marriage.

Stanton and Mott first met in London in 1840, where they were attending the World Anti-Slavery Convention with their husbands. When the convention excluded women delegates solely based on their sex, the pair resolved to hold a women's rights convention.

Did you know? Susan B. Anthony did not attend the Seneca Falls Convention. She would meet Elizabeth Cady Stanton in 1851 and spend the next fifty years fighting for women's rights alongside her, including co-founding the American Equal Rights Association.

Back in the United States, women's rights reformers had already begun contending for women's rights to speak out on moral and political issues beginning in the 1830s. Around the same time in New York, where Stanton lived, legal reformers had been discussing equality and challenging state laws prohibiting married women from owning property. By 1848, equal rights for women was a divisive issue.

In July of 1848, Stanton, frustrated with her role staying at home raising kids, convinced Mott, Wright and M'Clintock to help organize the Seneca Falls Convention and write its main manifesto, the Declaration of Sentiments.

Together, the five women drafted a notice to announce "a Convention to discuss the social, civic and religious condition and rights of Woman" around Hunt's tea table.
READ MORE: Early Women's Rights Activists Wanted Much More than Suffrage
Declaration of Sentiments

The Declaration of Sentiments was the Seneca Falls Convention's manifesto that described women's grievances and demands. Written primarily by Elizabeth Cady Stanton, it distilled the importance of the Seneca Falls Convention: for women to fight for their Constitutionally guaranteed right to equality as U.S. citizens.

"We hold these truths to be self-evident; that all men and women are created equal," the document stated. Inspired by the Declaration of Independence, the Declaration of Sentiments asserted women's equality in politics, family, education, jobs, religion and morals.

The declaration began with 19 "abuses and usurpations" that were destined to destroy a woman's "confidence in her own powers, to lessen her self-respect, and to make her willing to lead a dependent and abject life."

Because women didn't have the right to vote-a right given to "the most ignorant and degraded men"-they were forced to submit to laws to which they did not consent. Women were denied an education and issued an inferior role in the church.

Moreover, women were required to be obedient to their husbands and prevented from owning property, including the wages they earned (which technically belonged to their husbands). And they received unequal rights upon divorce.

In light of these abuses, the declaration called on women to "throw off such government."

The Resolutions

Next came a list of 11 resolutions, which demanded women be regarded as men's equals. The resolutions called on Americans to regard any laws that placed women in an inferior position to men as having "no force or authority." They resolved for women to have equal rights within the church and equal access to jobs.

The ninth resolution was the most controversial, as it called women "to secure to themselves their sacred right to the elective franchise," or the right to vote.

Although its passage led many women's rights proponents to withdraw their support, the ninth resolution went on to become the cornerstone of the women's suffrage movement.

Reactions to the Seneca Falls Convention

In New York and across the U.S., newspapers covered the convention, both in support and against its objectives.

Horace Greely, the influential editor of The New York Tribune, echoed the opinion of many people at the time. While skeptical of giving women the right to vote, he argued that if Americans really believed in the Constitution, women must attain equal rights:
"When a sincere republican is asked to say in sober earnest what adequate reason he can give, for refusing the demand of women to equal participation with men in political rights, he must answer, None at all. However unwise and mistaken the demand, it is but the assertion of a natural right, and such must be conceded."
The Fight for Women's Rights

Two weeks later, on August 2, 1848, the Seneca Falls Convention reconvened at the First Unitarian Church of Rochester, New York, to reaffirm the movement's goals with a larger audience.

In the following years, the convention's leaders continued to campaign for women's rights at state and nationwide events. Reformers frequently referred to the Declaration of Sentiments as they campaigned for women's rights.

Between 1848 and 1862, the participants of the Seneca Falls Convention used the Declaration of Sentiments to "employ agents, circulate tracts, petition the State and national Legislatures, and endeavor to enlist the pulpit and the press in our behalf."

After 72 years of organized struggle, American women finally achieved the same rights as men at the polling box when, in 1920, women won the right to vote with the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.

In November 1920, more than 8 million American women cast their vote in the presidential election. These voters included many Black women, though many others were prevented from voting by discriminatory laws, intimidation and other tactics of disenfranchisement. Native American women (and men) did not secure suffrage until four years later, when the Indian Citizen Act made Native Americans U.S. citizens. By 1965, the Voting Rights Act protected the right to vote for all American citizens-men and women.
READ MORE: 7 Things You Might Not Know About the Women's Suffrage Movement
SOURCES

Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions. Rutgers University.
Elizabeth Cady Stanton. National Park Service.
Jane Hunt. National Park Service.
Lucretia Mott. National Park Service.
Mary M'Clintock. National Park Service.
Martha C. Wright. National Park Service.
Report of the Women's Rights Convention. National Park Service.
Second Day of Seneca Falls Convention, July 20, 1848. Library of Congress.
Seneca Falls Convention. The Encyclopedia of New York State.
The Declaration of Sentiments, Seneca Falls Conference, 1848. Fordham University.
The Seneca Falls Convention. Library of Congress.
The Seneca Falls Convention: Setting the National Stage for Women's Suffrage. The Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History.

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What Was the Seneca Falls Convention? Who Organized the Seneca Falls Convention Declaration of Sentiments The Resolutions Reactions to the Seneca Falls Convention The Fight for Women's Rights The Seneca Falls Convention was the first women's rights convention in the United States.

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Summary: Sojourners Truth (AKA: Isabella Baumfree) was a born slave who spoke up at a convention in Ohio, she said the famous words "Ain't I a Woman?" that grabbed the attention of many, including Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony.

Original Article: https://www.washingtoninformer.com/aint-i-a-woman-sojourner-truth-proved-the-strongest-of-all/
Annotated Article: https://kami.app/3qe-Gwm-vD4-uei

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1866: Formation of the American Equal Rights Association

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1866: Formation of the American Equal Rights Association

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Summary: The American Equal Rights Association was held in in 1866. Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony (members) left the AERA because they didn't support the 16th amendment. They left to form the FEMALE National Woman Suffrage Association.Other feminists formed the AWSA. Both groups came together to form the NAWSA.

Original Article: https://www.britannica.com/topic/American-Equal-Rights-Association
Annotated Article: https://kami.app/AQ7-8LY-EEA-9jX

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1872: Susan B. Anthony illegally votes for Ulysses S. Grant in the presidential election

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1872: Susan B. Anthony illegally votes for Ulysses S. Grant in the presidential election

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Summary:  In 1872, Susan B. Anthony voted in a presidential election. (She voted for  Ulysses S. Grant). Women were not allowed to vote at the time. Anthony was later arrested, and eventually fined for voting illegally. “I shall never pay a dollar of your unjust penalty,” she said—and she never did. The 19th Amendment granted women the right to vote in the United States. Around 1920, more than 8 million American women voted. -https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/susan-b-anthony-illegally-votes

Original Article: https://www.feministsforlife.org/breaking-news-susan-b-anthony-pardoned/
Annotated Article: https://kami.app/73Q-9Bm-ZR2-nS8

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1890: Formation of the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA)

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1890: Formation of the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA)

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Summary: Two competing organizations came together to form NAWSA in 1890. Elizabeth Cady Stanton was the president of this organization and Susan B. Anthony helped her out during her presidency. After this group organized the National Suffrage Movement, NAWSA got national press committees to write pro- suffrage articles.

Original Article: http://www.crusadeforthevote.org/nawsa-united
Annotated Article: https://kami.app/937-y65-aui-ze2

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The two competing national suffrage organizations-the National Woman Suffrage Association and American Woman Suffrage Association-lasted over two decades. Suffragists worked to mend the split from the start, but were unsuccessful. Alice Stone Blackwell, the daughter of the American association leader Lucy Stone, spearheaded successful negotiations to merge the two groups in 1890.

For the first time, suffragists united behind a single national organization: the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA). Elizabeth Cady Stanton became the president of the new group, though she did not like the administrative duties of the office. Susan B. Anthony largely led NAWSA during Stanton's presidency (1890-1892) and her own (1892-1900). Anthony groomed protégées before she resigned, including Carrie Chapman Catt and Anna Howard Shaw. Catt held office from 1900 to 1904, and Shaw led NAWSA from 1904 to 1915. Catt regained the office of president in 1915 and held it through the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment.

NAWSA coordinated the national suffrage movement. The group was made up of local and state groups throughout the United States. Member dues funded annual conventions where suffragists met to discuss campaigns. Women like Rachel Foster Avery circulated newsletters with the latest suffrage updates. NAWSA had local and national press committees that wrote pro-suffrage articles published in newspapers around the country.

Not everyone was able to participate in NAWSA. Although NAWSA did not exclude African American women from membership at the national level, state and local organizations could and did choose to exclude them. Conventions held in Southern cities like Atlanta (in 1895) and New Orleans (in 1903) were segregated. NAWSA also required black women to march separately during its 1913 parade in Washington, DC. Even within this socially progressive movement, racism persisted.

By Allison Lange, Ph.D.
Fall 2015

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National American Woman Suffrage Association - History of U.S. Woman's Suffrage

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The two competing national suffrage organizations-the National Woman Suffrage Association and American Woman Suffrage Association-joined in 1890 to become the National American Woman Suffrage Associatin. Alice Stone Blackwell, the daughter of the American association leader Lucy Stone, spearheaded successful negotiations to merge the two groups.

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1896: The National Association of Colored Women is formed

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1896: The National Association of Colored Women is formed

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Summary: The NACWC was formed in July of 1896. This organization supported women body positivity and not only women's voting rights but also black male voting rights. The more the NACWC  became popular, it supported many other organizations and raised money for different things.

Original Article: https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/national-association-colored-women-s-clubs-inc-1896/
Annotated Article: https://kami.app/gqq-9xg-eUM-X8g

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1912: Theodore Roosevelt's Bull Moose Party supports women’s suffrage

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1912: Theodore Roosevelt's Bull Moose Party supports women’s suffrage

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Summary: In 1912 Theodore Roosevelt came out for women's rights and did as many things as he could possible to get equality for men and women. He made sure is party supported women's rights as well.
Original Article: https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/tr-gable/
Annotated Article: https://kami.app/XG4-VU1-7sR-6UL

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Theodore Roosevelt and Women's Suffrage | American Experience | PBS

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In 1912 Theodore Roosevelt came out for women's suffrage and became the great champion of women's rights.

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1916: First woman elected to the House of Representatives

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1916: First woman elected to the House of Representatives

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Summary: In 1916, Montana’s Jeannette Rankin won a seat in the House of Representatives as the only women. Rankin worked very hard and was a leading suffragist. There were also many news articles about her and some were a tad bit mean.
Original Article:https://www.readex.com/blog/first-woman-elected-congress-jeannette-rankins-historic-victory
Annotated Article:https://kami.app/FMZ-Huz-f9x-WrS

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Summary: On June 4, 1919, Congress passed the 19th Amendment to the United States Constitution.
Only white women were allowed to vote under this amendment, women of other racial ethnicity were not allowed to vote until the Voting Rights Act came out in 1965. Women's suffrage did not come easy.

Original Article: https://www.rockthevote.org/explainers/the-19th-amendment/
Annotated Article: https://kami.app/CwS-KV5-Uts-Uwp

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Summary: The Voting Rights Act did not come easy in 1965. First, only white males with property were allowed to vote. Then, only white women. After that, MLK protested peacefully and sparked the idea for the president to ratify the Voting Rights Act. Overall, this act banned racial discrimination and allowed WOC to vote.

Original Article: https://naacp.org/find-resources/history-explained/legislative-milestones/voting-rights-act-1965
Annotated Article: https://kami.app/fym-2Yx-2me-Qq8

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Assertion: Which of these events is the strongest turning point in your movement?

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Assertion: Which of these events is the strongest turning point in your movement?

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The Seneca Falls Convention is the strongest turning point in Women's Suffrage.

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What is the most important time-period for your topic/movement? Why?

The most important time period for Women's suffrage is in the 1800's because that was the spark for all the action to take place in the 1900's.

What are the most important general facts about your topic?

The dates, the people, and the actual actions that took place.

Who is the most important person to your movement? Why?

Elizabeth Cady Santon because she helped lead the Seneca Falls Convention and she was the president for another organization that helped women gain voting rights.

What is the most important event in your movement? Why?

The 19th Amendment because that is the time that women started to gain voting rights. They started off with only white women being able to vote, which was a step forward. Then, they progressed into allowing women of color being able to vote.

What was the catalyst for it? (what led to it?)

The Seneca Falls Convention.

What is the impact?

Women's suffrage was achieved as well as equal rights.

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