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After the prominent war, the ideals and Romantic ideas of war are destroyed. The mere reality of gore and bloodshed affect people's minds to the point where trauma follows them throughout life. When trying to adapt to their traumas, writers sought to find new ways that reality into their poetry and books. This period of Modernism becomes a grim, darker outlook into reality itself.

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John Steinbeck is a famous Modernist for his work, The Grapes of Wrath, (New York Public Library) which is about the Great Depression and the darkness of humanity. For example, Steinbeck exposes the problem of meatpacking production and the problem of the farmworker. He also received Nobel Prize for Literature and people called him "a giant of American letters" (Encyclopedia Britannica).

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Ernest Hemingway is also one of the famous American Modernists known for his novels of The Old Man and The Sea. And Hemingway also received the Nobel Prize for literature and his novels influenced the literature back then and now (Encyclopedia Britannica).

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He is a short-stories novelist and also one of the Modernists that influence massive popularity with his groundbreaking works. One of his novels, The Great Gatsby, impacted society during the 1920s and it had been considered "the great American novel". The novel is about the man's struggle with their fate and hopeless society. Aside from this novel he also wrote hundreds variety of novels (Encyclopedia Britannica).

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What is a Stream-of-Consciousness in terms of literary device?

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What is a Stream-of-Consciousness in terms of literary device?

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The literacy device, Stream-of-Consciousness, refers to a style of writing that depicts a character's thoughts, feelings, and reactions all in a single continuous flow. This results in a non-linear flow of thoughts much like how people's brains work in real life (Study Portal). One of the most famous examples can be found in James Joyce's Ulysses in which a character, Molly Bloom, gives a 4,391 word interior monologue within a single sentence.

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American Modernism is a new type of art that happened in the late 19th and early 20th centuries which is the Roaring Twenties. Modernism is about writing opposite ideas of traditional style in art, literature, music, and poetry. During that period, it was really harsh for Americans to face what happened in World War I, and they started questioning mankind and humanity. But as life goes on, they still had to move on and industrialize their country, so Modernism desired to overturn the traditional style form of art. Some characteristics of Modernism are stream-of-consciousness, showing new thoughts & ideas, and going deep into human consciousness & desires.

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Before the Great Depression, the Harlem Renaissance took place. This gave light to African American artists and authors who gave plentiful books about their own personal experiences growing up. As such, those authors populated the topic of looking at the inner-self and the psychological (Pen and the Pad). Literary devices such as a stream of consciousness gave further insight into how characters react and feel which in turn became an allegory for the authors' real life experiences.

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As explained before, Modernism tries to get a new and detailed way of looking at life through their writings. Experimentation is only a natural part of the process, and the stream of consciousness literacy device is a byproduct of that. By using a stream of consciousness, the writers can represent the surreal human experience throughout their novels and make it a truthful reflection of humanity (Oregon State University).

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During the financial crisis, people struggle to get basic needs such as food and money. Because of this poverty, the aesthetic considerations and the idyllic daily life outlook become jagged with this harsh reality. As such, literature takes a darker turn, expanding more on the impoverished, the uncertainty of living in an unstable world, and the skepticism of businesses.