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Click the link, solve the task, and check your answer. Then come back to complete the next task.

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Decide if the given phrases are either 1️⃣ Reference – The act of using specific linguistic forms (words, phrases, pronouns) to identify something or someone. OR
2️⃣ Inference – The process of interpreting meaning based on context and prior knowledge.

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jump to the discussion-padlet, write your opinion, and then come back to complete the rest of the tasks.

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Are you ready for a Quiz? If you first click on Preview and then on Flashcards, you can review the material again using the flashcard system.

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Pragma check quiz for 10th grade students. Find other quizzes for English and more on Quizizz for free!

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click the link and assign the given terms to either co-text or context.

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Read each sentence and decide whether the missing information relies more on co-text (the surrounding words in a text or conversation) or context (the physical or social situation in which the sentence is spoken).

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click the link, enter a nickname, watch the scene and solve the tasks :-)

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Easily create beautiful interactive video lessons for your students you can integrate right into your LMS. Track students’ progress with hassle-free analytics as you flip your classroom!

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click the link and match correctly.

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Match each referring expression with its correct meaning.

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try this quiz that sums up our chapter :-)

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The goal of this game is to survive until the end. If you don’t make it, you can start over again.

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download the PDF and answer the questions. Once you're done, please upload it below.

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Read this article to find out about our thoughts.

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Understanding Meaning Beyond Words - Why Inference and Reference Matter in EFL Teaching

Bridging the Gap: Why Pragmatics is Essential for Future English Teachers

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March 2025

Understanding a language goes beyond just learning its vocabulary and grammar-communication is about meaning, context, and intent. Pragmatics, the study of how meaning is conveyed in context, plays a crucial role in language education, particularly for teachers of English as a Foreign Language (EFL). To understand how future educators perceive this topic, we took to the streets (or, rather, the university hallways) and asked aspiring English teachers: "How important is inference and reference in pragmatics to you as a future English teacher?" Their insightful responses can be found on the following pages.

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communicationmedia.com

comprehension. Also, understanding how reference works lets students interpret meaning beyond the literal words. For example, they can recognize that 'Brazil won the World Cup' refers to the football team, not the

situation. Teaching reference and inference helps students become better communicators because they learn how pronouns and noun phrases refer back to earlier ideas in a conversation or text, which improves their reading and listening

country itself. Ultimately, this chapter reminds us that teaching language is not just about grammar and vocabulary, but about helping students navigate meaning in the real world. It's a key step in developing true communicative competence."

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March, 2025

„As an English teacher, I really like this because it talks about how communication is about more than just knowing words - it's also about understanding meaning in context. Reference and inference are super important in real-life communication, whether we're talking, reading, or interpreting media. A lot of language learners have a hard time not because they don't know the vocabulary, but because they can't connect words to their intended meaning in a given

Pia Sellmaier, 24, student

communicationmedia.com

In my future classroom, I want to ensure that students develop these skills by using real-world dialogues, role-playing exercises, and reading activities that highlight how reference and inference shape meaning. By teaching learners to identify referents and infer speaker intent, I can help them navigate English more effectively-whether in everyday conversations, academic settings, or professional environments. Reference and inference are essential tools in that process, making learning more natural, interactive, and meaningful.

conversations, read texts fluently, or engage in natural discourse. Even more important is inference, the ability to understand implied meaning. In English, much of what is said is not directly stated. For example, if someone says, "It's a bit chilly in here", the intended meaning might be a request to close the window rather than just an observation about temperature. If students only rely on direct literal interpretations, they may struggle with real-life conversations, humor, or even reading between the lines in literature.

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March, 2025

I, as a future English teacher, believe that reference and inference are fundamental skills that every language learner must develop in order to achieve true communicative competence. Reference allows students to connect words to their meanings in real-world contexts. When a speaker says "Look at that!", the listener must identify what "that" refers to based on context. Similarly, pronouns, articles, and demonstratives all require students to track meaning across sentences. Without this skill, communication can break down making it difficult for learners to follow

Lydia Salome Tok, 25, student

communicationmedia.com

That's why I want to help my students move beyond words to real understanding.

Inference is just as important. People don't always say things explicitly, so understanding implied meaning is key. If someone says, "I rented a house. The kitchen is really big," we assume houses have kitchens without needing it stated. Ultimately, language learning goes beyond memorization. Context shapes meaning, and cultural knowledge matters-if a teacher says, "Shakespeare is on the shelf," students must realize this refers to a book, not the playwright.

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March, 2025

As a future teacher, I've realized that understanding a language isn't just about vocabulary and grammar-it's about recognizing references and making inferences. Without this, students might take words too literally and struggle with real conversations.Words don't have fixed meanings; people create them. If a waiter asks, "Where is the cheese sandwich sitting?" they mean the customer, not the food. Without this awareness, students may misinterpret everyday speech.

Medine Dogan, 26, student

communicationmedia.com

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Bridging the Gap: Why Pragmatics is Essential for Future English Teachers

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Bridging the Gap: Why Pragmatics is Essential for Future English Teachers

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Click to see which tools we used.

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Check out this Whiteboard designed by Lydia T.

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Rahayu, S. (2021). Pragmatics. CV. Pena Persada.

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Check out this Whiteboard designed by Lydia T.