# data[].attributes.headline
In pairs. Read the text (10 minutes) and  answer the questions on the classroom screen.

# data[].attributes.subject
In pairs. Read the text (10 minutes) and  answer the questions on the classroom screen.

# data[].attributes.body
The Lasting Impact of Imperialism on Global Inequality

For centuries, European imperial powers dominated vast territories across Africa, Asia, and the Americas. While colonial rule officially ended in the 20th century, its economic and political effects continue to shape the modern world. Many former colonies still struggle with economic dependency, weak institutions, and geopolitical instability.

Economic Consequences

During colonial rule, imperial powers extracted natural resources and wealth from their colonies while limiting local industrial development. Even after independence, many former colonies remained dependent on exporting raw materials to richer countries. This imbalance, known as economic dependency, prevents many nations from achieving sustainable development.

For example, in many African countries, the economy is still centered around the export of raw materials like cocoa, oil, and minerals, with little local industry. This means they must import expensive finished goods from wealthier countries, keeping them in a cycle of poverty.

Political and Social Effects

Colonialism also disrupted traditional governance structures, creating political instability. Many former colonies inherited arbitrary borders that ignored ethnic and cultural divisions, leading to internal conflicts. Additionally, systems of racial and social inequality established during imperial rule persisted after independence, affecting education, healthcare, and social mobility.

For instance, in India, British rule prioritized English-language education and administration, leaving behind a system where access to high-quality education is still unequal, favoring English-speaking elites.

Geopolitical Tensions

Imperialism also contributed to modern geopolitical conflicts. Many ongoing disputes over land and resources trace their roots back to colonial-era decisions. The Middle East, for example, was divided by European powers after World War I without considering local religious and ethnic groups. Today, conflicts in the region remain influenced by these historical divisions.

Similarly, some former colonial powers still maintain economic and military influence in their former territories. France, for instance, has intervened militarily in Africa multiple times in the last decades, arguing that it is necessary to maintain stability. However, critics see this as a form of neocolonialism—continued control through economic and military means rather than direct rule.

Looking Forward

Addressing the legacy of imperialism requires international cooperation and local efforts to reduce inequalities. Former colonial powers have been called to acknowledge historical injustices and support policies that promote economic fairness, education, and development. Some countries have even considered financial reparations for past exploitation.

Understanding the connection between imperial history and today’s global inequalities helps us critically analyze economic systems, international relations, and power dynamics in the world.

# data[].attributes.body
Please search on your phones, tablets or computers for two different news reports from last week that could be seen as examples of two sides of globalization discussed on the reading.

# data[].attributes.body
https://www-bloomberglinea-com.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/www.bloomberglinea.com/negocios/la-globalizacion-esta-bajo-ataque-y-eso-fortalece-el-espiritu-empresarial-ceo-de-endeavour/?outputType=amp&amp_js_v=0.1&amp_gsa=1#webview=1

https://elpais-com.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/elpais.com/proyecto-tendencias/2025-01-29/cuando-nos-desenamoramos-de-la-globalizacion-las-nuevas-reglas-rompen-el-tradicional-esquema-liderado-por-china.html?outputType=amp&amp_js_v=0.1&amp_gsa=1#webview=1

# data[].attributes.body
El presidente Javier Milei ordenó a Cancillería que comience las acciones legales para retirar a la Argentina de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS).

La noticia fue confirmada este miércoles por el vocero presidencial Manuel Adorni. “El presidente instruyó al canciller Gerardo Werthein para retirar a la argentina de la OMS” explicó.

Sobre los motivos de la decisión, explicó que se sustenta en “las profundas diferencias respecto a la gestión sanitaria, especialmente durante la pandemia que, junto al gobierno de Alberto Fernández nos llevaron al encierro más largo de la historia”.

“Los argentinos vamos a permitir que un organimos internacional intervenga en nuestra soberanía y mucho menos en nuestra salud” completó.

# data[].attributes.body
Downside of globalization: In January, the Center on Monetary and Financial Systems published a report suggesting that extreme fragmentation of the global financial system could cost 5% of global GDP. Moreover, these costs would fall disproportionately on "non-aligned countries" such as India, Brazil and Turkey. Many emerging markets and developing economies in Latin America, Africa and Southeast Asia could suffer losses of up to 11% of GDP if forced to align with a single trading bloc.

Silver lining of globalization: In Thailand, as Bitkub Capital’s ‘Topp’ Jirayut Srupsrisopa noted at the 2025 Annual Meeting, one in seven people already has a cryptocurrency app on their phone. In the Gulf States, real estate tokenization is allowing retail investors to access assets that were previously exclusive. These developments suggest that finance could become more accessible, even as traditional markets become more concentrated.

https://es.weforum.org/stories/2025/02/las-finanzas-estan-en-una-encrucijada-esto-es-lo-que-aprendi-en-davos-2025/

# data[].attributes.body
Against Globalization

Portugal consolidates its position as a key hub for cocaine trafficking in Europe

https://insightcrime.org/es/noticias/portugal-consolida-nodo-clave-trafico-cocaina-europa/

Agree with Globalization

What is the impact of Chinese investment in the Caribbean?https://www.vozdeamerica.com/amp/impacto-inversion-china-caribe/7963422.html

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Portugal se consolida como un nodo clave para el tráfico de cocaína en Europa

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
El récord histórico de incautaciones de cocaína en Portugal en 2024 consolidó al país como un eje clave en el narcotráfico hacia Europa.

# data[].attributes.body
Bad New: Nearly All Of USAID’s 10,000 Global Staffers To Be Placed On Leave. Many social projects are going to be shut down, leaving a lot of vulnerable people all over the world without a major help.

https://www.forbes.com/sites/siladityaray/2025/02/05/usaid-controversy-live-updates-nearly-all-of-usaids-10000-global-staffers-to-be-placed-on-leave/

Good New: The US has suspended tariffs on Mexico for a month, President Claudia Sheinbaum confirmed.

This helps stop Trump's abusive proposals and gives Mexico and other countries more freedom to reach fair agreements.

https://www.elcolombiano.com/internacional/ee-uu-aranceles-mexico-mes-presidenta-claudia-sheinbaum-OA26514846

# data[].attributes.body
This is a problem of globalization since trade wars harm both the country on which the tariff is imposed, as well as local and foreign consumers.

China responds to US economic hostility with force but reserves the bargaining chip: The Chinese government has responded to the trade war launched by the United States by applying a 10% tariff on imports of products from the Asian country since yesterday. Beijing has announced that from February 10 it will impose taxes of between 10% and 15% on various goods from the United States - such as gas, oil and agricultural machinery - and will impose restrictions on the export of metals essential for the manufacture of electronic products, military equipment and solar panels. It has also opened an investigation into Google for possible monopoly.

https://elpais.com/opinion/2025-02-05/mas-que-aranceles-guerra-comercial.html

------------------------------

Globalization fosters the exchange of ideas, knowledge, and resources worldwide, which enriches education by facilitating access to diverse perspectives and teaching methodologies. Through digital platforms, students and educators can connect with experts from different countries, share materials, and engage in collaborative projects, which not only improves educational quality but also promotes inclusion and cultural diversity. In addition, globalization drives investment in technology and improves educational infrastructure, contributing to the development of skills needed in an increasingly interconnected labor market.

The International Baccalaureate, a model for cultivating a passion for learning: Students enrolled in the International Baccalaureate Diploma must take six core subjects (three at the intermediate level and three at the higher level): their mother tongue; a foreign language; mathematics; a humanities subject; an experimental science subject and one more to choose from among the arts or another additional subject in the humanities, sciences or a second foreign language. They must also take Theory of Knowledge (a subject aimed at critical thinking and inquiry into the process of knowing); carry out 150 hours of community service within the CAS (Creativity, Action and Service) and complete a research paper. Students who obtain the diploma have at least the general part of the EBAU exams validated, although in some communities (such as Madrid) the validation is total.

https://elpais.com/economia/formacion/2025-01-31/el-bachillerato-internacional-un-modelo-para-cultivar-la-pasion-por-aprender-y-el-pensamiento-critico.html

# data[].attributes.body
1) sanitary emergency of mopx virus (globalization gives us more danger) https://news.un.org/en/story/2024/11/115738 2) ancient books now for the public (globalization gives us access to education) https://www.globaltimes.cn/page/202104/122125.shtml

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.google.com/amp/s/english.elpais.com/culture/2025-01-28/emilia-perez-divides-mexico-critics-decry-glorification-of-vaginoplasty-fans-call-it-extraordinary.html%3foutputType=amp

https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/mexican-president-orders-retaliatory-tariffs-against-us-2025-02-02/

Katherine Salgado

# data[].attributes.body
1. Bukele offers Trump his mega-prison for criminals captured in the United States

https://elpais.com/america/2025-02-04/bukele-ofrece-a-trump-su-megacarcel-para-criminales-capturados-en-estados-unidos.html?outputType=amp

This type of cooperation between countries shows how they seek to work together to solve shared problems, such as prison management and crime prevention. Sending prisoners to another country can be seen as part of globalization, where borders become more flexible for certain agreements.

2. Is it the end of cheap shopping on Shein and Temu? How Trump's tariffs could make those shipments more expensive.

https://cnnespanol.cnn.com/2025/02/05/economia/fin-compras-baratas-shein-temu-aranceles-trump-trax

Current trade restrictions are redefining the dynamics of globalization, affecting both businesses and consumers.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Durante la visita de Marco Rubio, el Gobierno salvadoreño también anunció que impulsará un proyecto de energía nuclear con Washington

Marco Rubio y Nayib Bukele durante la visita del secretario de Estado de Estados Unidos a El Salvador, este lunes. Foto: Gobierno de El Salvador (EFE) | Vídeo: EPV

Los gobiernos de Estados Unidos y El Salvador firmaron este lunes dos acuerdos con implicaciones de impacto para toda la región: por un lado, el país centroamericano se comprometió a recibir en sus cárceles a criminales capturados en Estados Unidos, incluyendo a ciudadanos estadounidenses. Y por el otro, Washington se comprometió a impulsar a El Salvador en el desarrollo de energía nuclear.

"Hemos ofrecido a los Estados Unidos de América la oportunidad de externalizar parte de su sistema penitenciario", escribió el presidente Nayib Bukele en su cuenta de X. "Estamos dispuestos a admitir únicamente a criminales convictos (incluidos ciudadanos estadounidenses convictos) en nuestra mega prisión (CECOT) a cambio de una tarifa. La tarifa sería relativamente baja para Estados Unidos, pero significativa para nosotros y haría sostenible todo nuestro sistema penitenciario".

Los acuerdos se dieron en el marco de la visita del secretario de Estado de Estados Unidos, Marco Rubio, al país centroamericano como parte de su primera gira por la región. Bukele calificó el acuerdo como algo "sin precedentes", mientras que Rubio destacó al presidente salvadoreño como un líder "consecuente" con los intereses del país norteamericano.

El Salvador cuenta con la cárcel más grande de América Latina, el Centro de Confinamiento para el Terrorismo (CECOT), donde guardan prisión más de 20.000 pandilleros de la Mara Salvatrucha 13 y el Barrio 18, las dos pandillas más poderosas de la región que fueron desarticuladas por Bukele. Según información proporcionada por Bukele, el recinto tiene capacidad para 40.000 reos. Hasta la fecha, no se sabe con exactitud cuántos cupos quedan disponibles.

De acuerdo con el sitio especializado World Prision Brief, El Salvador es el país con mayor tasa de encarcelamiento del mundo, con 1.659 personas presas por cada 100.000 habitantes. Esta cifra duplica con creces al segundo lugar, Cuba, que actualmente tiene 794 prisioneros por cada 100.000 habitantes.

Hasta el momento, el Gobierno no ha explicado su estrategia para recibir a delincuentes de estructuras criminales ajenas ni qué medidas tomará para reforzar la seguridad de la megaprisión.

Desde 2022, el presidente Bukele disparó su popularidad tras impulsar un brutal régimen de excepción, por el que capturó a más de 80.000 personas sin darles oportunidad de una defensa justa. Organismos de defensa de derechos humanos han denunciado más de 3.000 detenciones injustificadas y más de 300 muertes de reos sin juzgar dentro de los centros penitenciarios desde que inició la medida.

Marco Rubio se reúne con Bukele en busca de un acuerdo migratorio con El Salvador.Foto: Gobierno de El Salvador (EFE) | Vídeo: EPV

Esta ha obtenido la aprobación de la población salvadoreña en medio de muchas críticas, pero además de otros mandatarios de la región. Rubio destacó la reducción de la violencia durante su encuentro con Bukele en su residencia ubicada en el lago de Coatepeque, una de las zonas más exclusivas de El Salvador.

Un acuerdo sobre energía nuclear

Por otra parte, Rubio se refirió al pacto de cooperación para impulsar la energía nuclear en El Salvador como su primer acuerdo firmado como secretario de Estado, y dijo que, con él, Estados Unidos busca que el país centroamericano sea un lugar "donde todas las tecnologías, todas las industrias, todas las promesas de este nuevo siglo puedan encontrarse".

El acuerdo, nombrado Memorando de Entendimiento sobre Cooperación Nuclear Civil Estratégica (NCMOU), fue firmado por la contraparte salvadoreña, la canciller Alexandra Hill Tinoco, quien dijo que se trata de "una estrategia más" del presidente Bukele para "dar energía las 24 horas al día a un precio competitivo sin depender de la geopolítica ni de los precios del petróleo".

Las autoridades tampoco dieron mayores explicaciones sobre este nuevo acuerdo. En el último mes, la población salvadoreña ha rechazado el retorno de la minería metálica después de siete años de prohibición por sus implicaciones negativas en el medio ambiente. Bukele, por su parte, ha hecho oídos sordos ante las protestas que incluyen pronunciamientos de la Iglesia católica, respaldados en estudios científicos generados por el mismo Gobierno. El mandatario ha asegurado que, con el dinero que perciban de la minería metálica, limpiarán los ríos que sean contaminados.

La visita de Rubio a El Salvador era la segunda parada del secretario de Estado en su primer viaje oficial, que también le ha llevado a Panamá. El martes, a las 7.15 de la mañana, tiene previsto volar a Costa Rica y de allí irá a Guatemala y República Dominicana.

Más información

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Bukele ofrece a Trump su megacárcel para criminales capturados en Estados Unidos

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Durante la visita de Marco Rubio, el Gobierno salvadoreño también anunció que impulsará un proyecto de energía nuclear con Washington

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.instagram.com/p/DFqyb9NKqjj/?igsh=MTlwdmF6Yjd3emJsZw==

Exports in Colombia fell 0,4%

During the year, exports of hydrocarbons and minerals amounted to $23.376 billion. They dropped by 10.6%, mainly due to lower external sales of coal, coke, and briquettes (-22.4%) and petroleum, petroleum-derived products, and

Meanwhile, external sales of agricultural, food, and beverage products increased by 14%, reaching $11.491 billion. This was due to higher sales of unroasted coffee, whether decaffeinated or not (21.8%), and fresh or dried bananas (incl

Manufactured exports also closed 2024 on a positive note, growing by 4.3% to reach $10.560 billion. The top-selling products were chemicals and related products (7.2%) and machinery and transport

In 2024, the United States remained the main destination for Colombian exports, accounting for 28.9% of the total export value. It was followed in order by Panama, India, China, Mexico, Brazil, and Ecuador.

The increase in exports to the United States, which totaled $14.336 billion (7.9%), was mainly driven by higher external sale

Déjame sa

4o

Razona

ChatGPT puede cometer errores. Considera verificar la información importante.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
EL TIEMPO on Instagram: "De acuerdo con datos revelados por el Dane, en 2024 las exportaciones de Colombia sumaron 49.552 millones de dólares, una cifra que deja en evidencia una leve disminución (0,4 por ciento) frente a las ventas que se lograron en todo el 2023.

Durante el año, las exportaciones de hidrocarburos y minerales fueron de 23.376 millones de dólares. Bajaron 10,6 por ciento, principalmente, por las menores ventas externas de Hulla, coque y briquetas (-22,4 por ciento) y Petróleo, productos derivados del petróleo y productos conexos (-5,1 por ciento). 

Entre tanto, las ventas externas de productos agropecuarios, alimentos y bebidas aumentaron 14 por ciento y llegaron a 11.491 millones de dólares, como resultado de unas mayores ventas de Café sin tostar descafeinado o no (21,8 por ciento) y Bananas (incluso plátanos) frescas o secas (33,9 por ciento). 

Las exportaciones de manufacturas también cerraron el 2024 con un balance positivo al crecer 4,3 por ciento y sumar 10.560 millones de dólares. Lo que más se vendió fueron productos químicos y productos conexos (7,2 por ciento) y Maquinaria y equipo de transporte (12,4 por ciento).

En 2024 Estados Unidos continuó consolidándose como el principal destino de las exportaciones colombianas, con una participación de 28,9 por ciento en el valor total exportado. Le siguieron en su orden Panamá, India, China, México, Brasil y Ecuador. 

El aumento de las exportaciones a Estados Unidos, que sumaron 14.336 millones de dólares (7,9 por ciento), fue explicado, principalmente, por las mayores ventas externas de Petróleo crudo (5,7 por ciento).

Le dejamos todos los detalles del informe en el enlace de nuestro perfil.📲

📸: Ministerio de Transporte"

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
2,162 likes, 93 comments - eltiempo on February 4, 2025: "De acuerdo con datos revelados por el Dane, en 2024 las exportaciones de Colombia sumaron 49.552 millones de dólares, una cifra que deja en evidencia una leve disminución (0,4 por ciento) frente a las ventas que se lograron en todo el 2023.

Durante el año, las exportaciones de hidrocarburos y minerales fueron de 23.376 millones de dólares. Bajaron 10,6 por ciento, principalmente, por las menores ventas externas de Hulla, coque y briquetas (-22,4 por ciento) y Petróleo, productos derivados del petróleo y productos conexos (-5,1 por ciento). 

Entre tanto, las ventas externas de productos agropecuarios, alimentos y bebidas aumentaron 14 por ciento y llegaron a 11.491 millones de dólares, como resultado de unas mayores ventas de Café sin tostar descafeinado o no (21,8 por ciento) y Bananas (incluso plátanos) frescas o secas (33,9 por ciento). 

Las exportaciones de manufacturas también cerraron el 2024 con un balance positivo al crecer 4,3 por ciento y sumar 10.560 millones de dólares. Lo que más se vendió fueron productos químicos y productos conexos (7,2 por ciento) y Maquinaria y equipo de transporte (12,4 por ciento).

En 2024 Estados Unidos continuó consolidándose como el principal destino de las exportaciones colombianas, con una participación de 28,9 por ciento en el valor total exportado. Le siguieron en su orden Panamá, India, China, México, Brasil y Ecuador. 

El aumento de las exportaciones a Estados Unidos, que sumaron 14.336 millones de dólares (7,9 por ciento), fue explicado, principalmente, por las mayores ventas externas de Petróleo crudo (5,7 por ciento).

Le dejamos todos los detalles del informe en el enlace de nuestro perfil.📲

📸: Ministerio de Transporte". 

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.embed_code
View this post on Instagram

A post shared by EL TIEMPO (@eltiempo)

# data[].attributes.body
1.EU and Mercosur conclude political negotiations for an innovative association agreement.

In addition to the economic impact, it is seen as a diplomatic and strategic tool, reinforcing the commitment to multilateralism and seeking joint solutions to global challenges. This agreement demonstrates that integration and dialogue can lead to positive economic and social development, although it is also contrasted with the challenges that globalisation can present, such as job losses and the erosion of cultural identities.

2.Globalization and its challenges: loss of jobs and cultural identity in traditional regions

Globalization has facilitated collaboration and partnerships between companies from different countries. People are more motivated to learn the languages of different countries, which helps them expand their knowledge. Globalization gives companies the opportunity to access new markets and customers around the world. Companies can benefit from increased efficiency and competitiveness by taking advantage of the benefits offered by large-scale production.

# data[].attributes.body
Against globalization

How to calm the United States to protect the nation's most precious asset. The Panama Canal.

The concessions so far have been several: it gave up a financing agreement with China and will allow US Navy ships to have free passage through the waterway. The next step would be to cancel contracts with Hutchison Ports PPC, the Hong Kong-based company that operates two cargo areas near the canal.

That would simultaneously alleviate Trump's concerns about Chinese influence in the channel.

This brings a bad opinion about globalization because you can see that there is a lack of sovereignty of the least powerful countries compared to the most powerful on an issue that not only concerns Panama but all over the world.

# data[].attributes.body
The Governor of Magdalena, Rafael Martínez, met with social democratic leaders and members of the Progressive Party of the Swedish Parliament to establish alliances that allow attracting resources and strengthening the guarantee of rights to vulnerable populations, sustainable development and environmental protection, within the framework of the Departmental Development Plan '12+1 Route of Change to Overcome Poverty'.

https://www.gobernaciondelmagdalena.gov.co/parlamentarios-de-suecia-visitaron-el-magdalena-para-conocer-la-experiencia-de-cambio-y-transformacion-en-los-ultimos-cinco-anos-y-para-establecer-alianzas-que-impulsen-el-desarrollo-la-proteccion-de/

This good side of globalization is international cooperation where the interest of another country in ours, in this case or in some part of it, benefits us in terms of support and search for ways to help the Colombian population.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Parlamentarios de Suecia visitaron el Magdalena para conocer la experiencia de cambio y transformación en los últimos cinco años y para establecer alianzas que impulsen el desarrollo, la protección del medioambiente y la superación de la pobreza en el departamento

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Teniendo como fondo las Revoluciones Económica, Equidad Ambiental y Democrática, que dirigen la apuesta del Plan de Desarrollo Departamental ’12+ 1 Ruta del Cambio para la […]

# data[].attributes.body
Colombia has been one of the main beneficiaries of USA cooperation through this agency, with investments in security, the fight against drug trafficking and the reconstruction of the social fabric in areas affected by the armed conflict. When Donald Trump's government decides to close, it affects many projects not only for Colombia also worldwide is worrying because the globalization affect the future of different countries Because the group Usaid create economic interdependence.

https://www.infobae.com/colombia/2025/02/03/cierre-de-usaid-por-orden-de-donald-trump-traeria-fuertes-repercusiones-para-el-gobierno-petro-experto-analizo-el-tema/?outputType=amp-type

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Cierre de Usaid por orden de Donald Trump traería fuertes repercusiones para el Gobierno Petro: experto analizó el tema

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Manuel Camilo González, político e internacionalista de la Universidad Javeriana, habló para Infobae Colombia sobre las implicaciones de la clausura de esta dependencia, que financiaba varias iniciativas a nivel local

# data[].attributes.body
Bad side of globalization

Trump says Palestinians must leave Gaza permanently and US will ‘take control’ of enclave

https://theconversation.com/trump-quiere-que-ee-uu-se-haga-cargo-de-gaza-y-desplace-a-sus-habitantes-pero-esto-es-legal-249175

Good side of globalization

Spanish executives leading multinationals

https://elpais.com/economia/negocios/2025-01-18/directivos-espanoles-que-pilotan-el-mundo.html?utm_source=chatgpt.co

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Trump quiere que EE. UU. “se haga cargo” de Gaza y desplace a sus habitantes, pero ¿esto es legal?

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
El plan de Trump de poseer Gaza y trasladar a los palestinos violaría una serie de principios del derecho internacional.

# data[].attributes.body
Positivo
https://as.com/actualidad/politica/adios-a-la-ropa-barata-por-internet-bruselas-pretende-subir-los-aranceles-a-empresas-como-shein-y-temu-n/

Negativo

https://elpais.com/opinion/2025-02-05/mas-que-aranceles-guerra-comercial.html

Sofia Zambrano

# data[].attributes.body
This news highlights the negative side of globalization by showing how U.S. policy changes under President Trump, such as tariff threats, funding freezes, and deregulation, create widespread economic and social disruptions both domestically and internationally. Businesses in Canada and China face layoffs due to trade uncertainty, while aid-dependent programs in Colombia and the U.S. struggle with funding cuts, affecting security, education, healthcare, and renewable energy projects. The unpredictability of these policies makes global economies vulnerable, demonstrating how interconnected nations suffer when a major player like the U.S. enacts abrupt changes.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Trump Is Changing the World Order With Unprecedented Speed

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Global leaders, chief executives and lawmakers are navigating whipsaw changes touching healthcare, schools and the global supply chain.

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.larepublica.co/empresas/camila-escobar-ceo-de-procafecol-sobre-expansion-internacional-4040756

# data[].attributes.body
Bad side:

Fast fashion, laptops and toys are likely to cost more due to US tariffs on Chinese imports

https://abcnews.go.com/Business/wireStory/fast-fashion-laptops-toys-cost-due-us-tariffs-118463171

Just because in this case we can see a Trade Wars and Protectionism: The increase in tariffs is a sign of rising economic tensions between major economies, which can disrupt global trade and raise prices for consumers. This is a downside of globalization, as countries become economically interdependent, and conflicts can have widespread consequences.

Good side:

China calls for 'win-win' solution to trade tensions

https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/ce852xjknz9o

Because we can see an example of International Cooperation where China’s willingness to seek a "win-win" solution highlights the importance of global collaboration in resolving economic conflicts. This approach promotes stability and economic growth, demonstrating how globalization can facilitate agreements that benefit multiple nations.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Fast fashion, laptops and toys are likely to cost more due to US tariffs on Chinese imports

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
A sweeping new U.S. tariff on products made in China is expected to increase the prices American consumers pay for a wide array of products

# data[].attributes.body
This news highlights the positive side of globalization by demonstrating how international cooperation allows for the efficient distribution of humanitarian aid to vulnerable populations worldwide. By lifting the pause on food donations to the World Food Programme (WFP), the U.S. is enabling the delivery of essential food supplies to impoverished countries like Yemen, Sudan, and Haiti, preventing spoilage and waste of 500,000 metric tons of food. This act of global solidarity shows how interconnected economies and international organizations can work together to address hunger, climate challenges, and humanitarian crises more effectively than any single nation could alone.

# data[].attributes.headline
1. Rodríguez Pose (LSE): 'Globalization has indeed favored developing countries that export the most

# data[].attributes.subject
1. Rodríguez Pose (LSE): 'Globalization has indeed favored developing countries that export the most

# data[].attributes.body
Andrés Rodríguez Pose, a professor at the London School of Economics, explains how globalization has helped some developing countries, such as China and India, to increase their exports and expand their middle class. However, he also points out that this process has created inequalities in developed countries, negatively affecting the labor market in industries. This highlights the duality of globalization, which can be beneficial for some but also reproduces inequalities elsewhere.

2. Globalization in retreat

This article from El País, published about three months ago, deals with the debate on deglobalization. Factors such as the rise of protectionism, restrictions on foreign investment and anti-immigration policies are mentioned, which create trade barriers and limit the mobility of goods, capital and people. The discussion focuses on how these changes, driven by populism and nationalism, threaten the benefits of global integration and increase the economic vulnerability of developing countries. The article shows the tension between global integration, which has positive aspects, and the negative effects of a neoliberal model that faces fragmentation and a crisis of hegemony.

Steven Alexander Marroquín Carrillo