# data[].attributes.body
If Human rights is Equality to all why isn't everyone treated equally?

African Americans face racial inequality daily, especially in the past few months we've seen that come to life.

Article:

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Last year, Edwards, Lee, and Esposito published an article in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences where they found that 1 in 1,000 Black men and boys can be expected to be killed by police at some point in their lifetime; that Black males are 2.5 times more likely to be killed by police than white males; and that dying at the hands of law enforcement is a leading cause of death among young Black men. For some, these numbers were staggering; for others, they were not a surprise. As with all academic work, these findings were discussed briefly in the media and subsequently set aside as new, pressing issues captured the attention of the nation.

Recent events, including the tragic deaths of George Floyd and Breonna Taylor, have brought these numbers back into the national spotlight. Alongside careful work from other scholars, journalists, and activists, these estimates of racial disparities in police violence are now being used to motivate the need for significant, structural changes in how we go about policing communities. “Defund the police” initiatives and proposals for reparations that call for the redistribution of resources into investments in Black communities may offer a path forward, toward durable change.

As lawmakers and communities work through what reinvestment in Black communities entails, it is important to take stock of other institutions of oppression that impact the Black community. For example, we must consider the critical warning by Dorothy Roberts (professor of law and sociology at the University of Pennsylvania) that we must not render the defunding of police into increased investment in child welfare agencies that have historically surveilled and violently separated Black families.

Demography–or the scientific study of human populations–can help guide policy discussions around reinvestment. Demographers don’t just count, but instead make meaning from numbers; quantifying racial, social, and economic issues, and identifying potential solutions to these issues, is well within the realm of demography.  W.E.B. Du Bois, a leading scholar in the fields of sociology and social demography in the United States, used demographic methods to describe racial disparities in economic and health conditions among African Americans in Philadelphia at the end of the 19th century. Du Bois used this seminal work and his demographic work that followed, as tools for progress. In his activism, he brought numbers to bear from his research in seeking justice and equality for African Americans through policy and practice. He eloquently describes his professional journey leading him to use his scholarship for policy and action in his autobiography.

“My real life work was done at Atlanta for thirteen years, from my twenty-ninth to my forty-second birthday. … I became widely-acquainted with the real condition of my people. I realized the terrific odds which faced them. … In Philadelphia I was their cold and scientific investigator, with microscope and probe. It took but a few years of Atlanta to bring me to hot and indignant defense. I saw the race-hatred of the whites as I had never dreamed of it before,—naked and unashamed! The faint discrimination of my hopes and intangible dislikes paled into nothing before this great, red monster of cruel oppression. I held back with more difficulty each day my mounting indignation against injustice and misrepresentation.”

― W.E.B. Du Bois, “Darkwater: Voices from Within the Veil,” 1920

Quantifying racial inequality

As demographers and policy researchers, we thought it would be helpful to share a few important numbers that detail the oppression that Black communities in the United States face today. We draw from the work of many scholars and journalists, but also include new evidence from a survey by the Social Policy Institute at Washington University in St. Louis. The survey interviewed 5,500 nationally representative respondents from all U.S. states from April 27, 2020 to May 12, 2020.

Below are the empirical “receipts” that we hope are considered in discussions regarding where and how to invest in Black communities. We begin here, but do not end here. Our hope is that others can add to and clarify these numbers in the future.

The demographic scope of Black crises is broad, involving not only institutions of justice but also those of education, housing, banking, health care, and social welfare. The numbers provided here only scratch the surface of the realities of racial inequality in the United States. As we begin to reimagine policing, dismantle systems of oppression, and reinvest resources into Black communities, we must use these numbers to help guide us.

Criminal justice contact

1 in 2 Black adults with a college degree or more have had a family member in jail or prison

1 in 3 Black men born in 2001 will spend time in prison in their lifetime

1 in 11 Black adults are currently under correctional control (in prison or on parole/probation)

1 in 230 Black youth are detained in juvenile facilities

1 in 1,000 Black men and boys will die at the hands of police

Economic security

1 in 2 Black adults have accrued credit card debt during the past three months

1 in 3 Black familes have zero or negative wealth

1 in 3 Black children live in poverty

1 in 5 Black borrowers are turned down for a conventional loan

1 in 6 Black adults were not able to pay a utility bill or paid a bill late in the past three months

1 in 7.5 Black adults have overdrafted their bank account in the past three months

1 in 7.5 Black adults have cut the size of their meals in the past three months

1 in 8 Black adults were not able to pay for a $400 emergency expense in the past three months

1 in 10 Black adults were not able to pay rent or mortgage in the past three months

1 in 10 Black adults have taken out a short-term payday loan in the past three months

Employment

1 in 2.5 Black adults were unemployed or temporarily furloughed on April 2020

1 in 6  Black adults have lost their job or income in the past three months

Health

1 in 2.5 Black women will die within five years of diagnosis of endometrial cancer

1 in 4 Black children born in 1990 will experience their father in prison in their lifetime

1 in 6.5 Black children have higher blood lead levels

1 in 7 Black children suffer from asthma

1 in 9 Black Americans aged 0 to 64 are uninsured

1 in 13 Black adults were not able to see a doctor or go to the hospital in the past three months because they could not afford it

1 in 13 Black adults were not able to fill or postponed filling a drug prescription in the past three months

1 in 90 Black babies will die before their first birthday

1 in 1,350 Black Americans have died of COVID-19

1 in 2,060 Black mothers will die while pregnant, during childbirth, or shortly thereafter

More

1 in 6.5 Black students are suspended

1 in 9 of Black children will enter foster care at some point before they turn 18

1 in 13 Black Americans of voting age are disenfranchised

8 in 10 Black adults with at least some college experience report having experienced racial discrimination, at least from time to time, including 1 in 6 who say this happens regularly

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
Hedwig Lee, Michael Esposito, Frank Edwards, Yung Chun, and Michal Grinstein-Weiss

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
The demographics of racial inequality in the United States

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Hedwig Lee, Michael Esposito, Frank Edwards, Yung Chun, and Michal Grinstein-Weiss use numbers to show the oppression that Black communities in the United States face today.

# data[].attributes.body
Let's talk about a lesser known racism, which is against Asians.
Racisms against Asians has come to life more because of Covid-19. They get blame and called a virus, which is not even correct. It's almost normalized for Asians. "The Chinese Virus"- that's what Donald Trump calls the virus.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
A 14-year-old student in Dallas was followed home by a group of high school boys who pretended to cough on him and shouted, "Ching chong! You have Chinese virus!" A 17-year-old was told over social media that their "insides are full of 'f---ing bats" and that they should kill themselves because they are a "dirty f---ing dog eater." An 18-year-old who was grocery shopping was called "chink" and told to go back where they came from.

These are some of the stories revealed in a new youth-led study showing that one-quarter of Asian American young adults have been the targets of racism over the past year. The discrimination they detail primarily takes the form of verbal harassment, shunning and cyberbullying.

The report was released Thursday by the Stop AAPI Hate Youth Campaign, a high school internship program at Stop AAPI Hate, a national center that collects reports of coronavirus discrimination against Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders. The study details the emotional toll of growing anti-Asian sentiment around the country. Nearly 8 of 10 respondents expressed anger over the epidemic of hate against Asians.

The findings come from nearly 1,000 interviews of Asian American young adults conducted by a team of 87 Asian American high school students this summer.
Full coverage of the coronavirus outbreak
"I think we hear this a lot, but the youth are the future," said Cassie Eng, a senior at the Urban School of San Francisco, who worked on the study. "This is a critical time for us to find our sense of self and our identity."

The campaign, which is supported by the Jeremy Lin Foundation, grew out of the San Francisco Bay Area in the spring. During Asian Pacific American Heritage Month in May, students at Eng's school learned about the work Stop AAPI Hate had been doing and wanted to get more involved, so they reached out to the group to find out what they could do.

Through their research, the students found that in addition to the racism they experienced themselves, Asian American youths have also been affected by the growing racism around the country, fueled by President Donald Trump's racist rhetoric, such as calling the coronavirus the "China virus" and "kung flu." Nearly half of those interviewed expressed sadness or depression about the situation, and one-quarter said they were scared for themselves and their families.

"Fear is really damaging to a person's self-esteem and sense of identity," said Rebecca Wu, a junior at Alhambra High School. "The rise in anxiety about you and your family in public can lead to many other concerning mental health issues. It also prevents you from speaking out."

In addition to the youth-led study, Stop AAPI Hate analyzed 341 reports of racism and discrimination against Asian American youths nationally that it received through its reporting tool since March. One pattern that emerged is the complicity of adults, who were present in nearly half of the cases and almost never intervened.

Even before the pandemic began, Asian American students reported high rates of bullying. In California public high schools, for instance, AAPI students are the racial group most likely to be bullied, according to data from the California Healthy Kids Survey.

"Asian Americans are targeted for their racial differences and linguistic or immigration status differences," said Russell Jeung, a professor of Asian American Studies at San Francisco State University, who oversaw the youth project. "Part of this is because teachers don't always recognize when Asian Americans are being bullied and stigmatized. They may not acknowledge that certain gestures, like pulling your eyes slanted, can be offensive."

The student researchers shared policy recommendations they developed alongside experts to curb anti-Asian racism in schools. They include anti-bullying training for teachers and administrators, creating anonymous reporting sites on social media, forming affinity groups and coalitions to empower Asian students on campus and developing restorative justice practices to foster communication and empathy between victims and perpetrators.

The centerpiece of the interns' policy platform is the addition of an ethnic studies course in secondary school curricula so young people can learn about U.S. history through the lens of communities of color. In doing so, the report says, all students can develop a deeper understanding of the roots and ramifications of racist policies and attitudes.

Amanda Young, a senior at Campolindo High School in the Bay Area city of Moraga, said the Asian American history covered by California's public schools is rudimentary, even though the state has the largest Asian population in the country.

"For the most part, the Chinese Exclusion Act and the Japanese internment camps were the extent of our lessons," she said.

Several student researchers said they were surprised to discover just how normalized anti-Asian stereotypes have become. Beth Yeung, a sophomore at Aragon High School in the Bay Area city of San Mateo, said interviewing friends and family for the project was an emotional experience.

"This is not something that my family has talked about a lot," she said, adding that she's been brushing off microaggressions since she was young.

Working on the report "made me think about times when these incidents have happened to others and why I personally didn't stand up to help," she said. "It was a big moment of self-reflection on why we aren't educated to do more."

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
'You have Chinese virus': 1 in 4 Asian American youths experience racist bullying, report says

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
A group of high school students interviewed nearly 1,000 young Asian Americans to explore how youths are dealing with the pandemic-fueled rise in racism.

# data[].attributes.body
"Asian and Black Americans are more likely to report adverse experiences due to their race or ethnicity since the pandemic began
About four-in-ten Asian (39%) and Black (38%) adults – and 27% of Hispanic adults – say someone has acted uncomfortable around them because of their race or ethnicity since the coronavirus outbreak. Only 13% of white adults say this has happened to them."

# data[].attributes.body
To me Human rights means everyone is equal and they have rights that cannot be overruled.

What Are Human Rights?

"Human rights are rights inherent to all human beings, regardless of race, sex, nationality, ethnicity, language, religion, or any other status. Human rights include the right to life and liberty, freedom from slavery and torture, freedom of opinion and expression, the right to work and education, and many more.  Everyone is entitled to these rights, without discrimination." This is the UN definition/meaning of Human Rights.

# data[].attributes.headline
"The right to live your life free of discrimination"

# data[].attributes.subject
"The right to live your life free of discrimination"

# data[].attributes.body
This is one example of human rights, but do everyone get to live their life without discrimination?

# data[].attributes.body
"Nearly 41% of gay and lesbian adults face some form of hostility or harassment on the job, including being fired or forced to quit because of their sexual orientation."
This quotes exemplifies some discriminations the LGBTQ community face.

# data[].attributes.body
Human Rights. (n.d.). Retrieved December 14, 2020, from https://www.un.org/en/sections/issues-depth/human-rights/

Examples of Human Rights. (n.d.). Retrieved December 14, 2020, from https://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-human-rights.html

Lee, H., Esposito, M., Edwards, F., Chun, Y., & Grinstein-Weiss, M. (2020, July 27). The demographics of racial inequality in the United States. Retrieved December 14, 2020, from https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2020/07/27/the-demographics-of-racial-inequality-in-the-united-states/

Neil G. Ruiz, J. (2020, August 20). Many Black, Asian Americans Say They Have Experienced Discrimination Amid Coronavirus. Retrieved December 14, 2020, from https://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2020/07/01/many-black-and-asian-americans-say-they-have-experienced-discrimination-amid-the-covid-19-outbreak/

LGBTQ DISCRIMINATION: Gender-equality-law. (n.d.). Retrieved December 14, 2020, from https://www.genderequalitylaw.org/lgbtq

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
What are the universal human rights? - Benedetta Berti

# data[].attributes.body
Some basic human rights are:

LQBTQ+ rights- this means that people apart of LGBTQ+ community are not discriminated against because of their sexuality and are treated equally.
Right to freedom- the right to be free from prejudice on the basis of race, gender, national origin, color, age or sex
Women Rights- means that women should be treated equally.
Abortion Rights- women should be able to choose to have an abortion.
Right to Education- means that everyone should be able to have access to education.
Freedom of Speech- everyone have the right to express themselves, ideas, opinions.