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James Hargreaves, a British carpenter and weaver, invented the spinning jenny. The machine spun more than one ball of yarn or thread at a time, making it easier and faster to make cloth.

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James Watt from Scotland designed a more efficient steam engine. One of the most important inventions of the Industrial Revolution, steam engines power the first trains, steamboats, and factories.

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(1794) Eli Whitney patents the cotton gin

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(1794) Eli Whitney patents the cotton gin

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Eli Whitney created a machine that made it much easier to separate cotton seeds from cotton fiber. It greatly reduced the time it took to clean cotton and helped the southern U.S. to make more money from cotton crops.

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Samuel Morse invented the telegraph, which allowed messages to be sent quickly over a wire. By 1860, telegraph wires stretched from the east coast of the United States west of the Mississippi River.

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(1853) Elisha Otis invented the elevator safety break

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(1853) Elisha Otis invented the elevator safety break

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Elevators were already invented by 1853, but people worried about elevator cars falling. Elisha Otis invented a safety break to prevent them from falling if a cable breaks, making people feel more confident about using elevators in tall buildings.

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Alfred Nobel invented dynamite, which is a safer way to blast holes in mountains or the ground than simply lighting black powder. Dynamite was important in clearing paths to build things such as roads and railroad tracks.

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A chemist named Louis Pasteur believed that germs caused disease. Using this information, he created vaccines that helped prevent many common diseases, which helped people live longer.

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(October 1879) Thomas Edison uses a light bulb to light a lamp

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(October 1879) Thomas Edison uses a light bulb to light a lamp

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Not the first man to create a light bulb, Thomas Edison created a light bulb that lasted longer than other designs and showed it off by lighting a lamp. Edison's light bulbs allow people to do many things at night, such as work, that used to only happen during the day.

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(December 1903) Orville Wright makes the first powered airplane flight

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(December 1903) Orville Wright makes the first powered airplane flight

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Using an engine that they invented, Orville and Wilbur Wright invented the first plane that is not powered by wind. Orville flew the plane for 12 seconds over a beach in North Carolina.

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(October 1908) Henry Ford creates the Model T

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(October 1908) Henry Ford creates the Model T

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Henry Ford created a type of car called the Model T. It is much cheaper than other cars because it is made on an assembly line, allowing many more people to buy cars.