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Look over the articles in the Treaty of Versailles: https://www.history.com/news/treaty-of-versailles-provisions

1. What are the four categories of the Treaty of Versailles? (look at the subheadings)

2. How much money did Germany owe in reparations?

3. How do you think these demands had an impact on the German people?

4. How did German humiliation and debt contribute to one of the causes of WWII

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https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/the-great-depression

1. Outline what the Great Depression was.

2. What impact did the Great Depression have globally?

3. How did the Great Depression contribute to the causes of World War II?

4.  Look at this Nazi Election poster:
How is this advertisement positioning Hitler?
How does this poster appeal to the needs of German people?
https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/photo/nazi-propaganda-election-poster-titled-our-last-hope-hitler

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https://www.thoughtco.com/lebensraum-eastern-expansion-4081248

1. What is 'Lebensraum'?

2. How did the concept of 'Lebensraum' contribute to the cause of World War II?

3. Based on Hitler's writings, how could Lebensarum create a solution to Germany's issues?

4. Antisemitism is imbedded into Hiterl's ideologies. In what way did Hitler include this element in his concept of Lebensraum?

5. What would be concerning to countries in Europe about Hitler's concept of Lebensraum?

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https://www.historyhit.com/causes-of-world-war-two-in-europe/
https://www.britannica.com/event/World-War-II

1. Who did Germany side with?

2. Which other countries were fascist?

3. Who was apart of the 'Allies'?
Who was apart of the 'Axis'?
What was their relationship?

4. World War Two is generally divided into two ‘theatres’. What are they and why is the war discussed in this way?

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https://www.thoughtco.com/world-war-ii-pacific-towards-war-2361459

1. What was Japan's situation after World War I?

2. Outline Japan and China's relationship.

3. How did the invasion of Manchuria create further tension?

4. What was the Sino-Japanese war?  What were the foreign reactions?

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https://www.historyhit.com/causes-of-world-war-two-in-europe/

1. How did appeasement fail?

2. What was Neville Chamberlain's response?

3. What did Churchill (British Prime Minister) call Hitler?

4. What action happened on September 1, 1939 that signaled the start of a new major conflict?

5. https://www.johndclare.net/RoadtoWWII4.htm Scroll down to Source C. What message does this comic about the Failure of Appeasement suggest? Take a look at the interpretation.

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Charlize
Ian
Eleanor
Aidan

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Lukas
Laoise
Jordan D
Maja

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Alice
Mia H
Kai
Keith
Simon

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Tom
Jordy
Anna
Erin

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Evie
Isabella
Alexa
Amelia

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Claudia
Mia S
Olivia
Harison
Nina

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4. Antisemitism is imbedded into Hitler's ideologies. In what way did Hitler include this element in his concept of Lebensraum? 

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4. Antisemitism is imbedded into Hitler's ideologies. In what way did Hitler include this element in his concept of Lebensraum? 

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Antisemitism is the prejudice against Jews.
Adolf Hitler believed that people like the Jews and the Slav were lesser people to the Aryan (ethnic Germans), He believed them to be sub-human species and therefore less deserving of the world and its resources. Hitler believed that Lebensraum would "Germanise" the country and allow for the aryan population to grow. Hitler used Lebensraum to remove all Jews and inferior races from the land allowing for more space to grow and survive. He believed that as the Soviet Union was run by Jews that Germany therefore had the right to take it, by doing so he was imbedding antisemitism into his ideologies.

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Lebensraum, meaning "living space", was a policy from the Nazis in WW2 to gain territory in  Europe for German use. The word Lebensraum was first used in 1901 by geographer Friedrich Ratzel. He used the word to describe how humans, plants, and animals  adapted to, and competed for living space.

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In Europe during world war II, the know fascist leaders were Benito Mussolini (Italy) , Adolf Hitler (Germany) and Francisco Franco (Spain). These three leaders attempted to eliminate anybody that would be in opposition to their rule. They used propaganda and militarism to control people morphing their beliefs, going to war with Spain, Europe and Africa. But where then defeated by the powers of the Allies; Russia, Great Britain, France and the USA.

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Us$ 33 billion

-Aidan

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3. Who was apart of the 'Allies'? Who was apart of the 'Axis'? What was their relationship? 

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3. Who was apart of the 'Allies'? Who was apart of the 'Axis'? What was their relationship? 

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Great Britain, France, the Soviet Union, the United States and China were all massive allies during WWII.

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What would be concerning to countries in europe about hitler’s concept of Lebensraum?

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What would be concerning to countries in europe about hitler’s concept of Lebensraum?

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Adolf Hitler developed the belief that Lebensraum was required in Germany in order to survive. Hitlers concept Of Lebensraum was that Eastern Europe had to be conquered to create a German empire. This was concerning to Eastern European countries Who disagreed with Hitler as they felt unsafe From attack. We stand Northern Europe would also have been concerned as hitlers thoughts might broaden into other European areas.

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1: The Great Depression lasted from 1929 to 1939, and was the worst economic downturn in history. During the 1920's, there was a rapid expansion of the U.S. economy. The stock market (which centered at the New York Stock Exchange on Wall Street), also went through huge expansion. However, as the stock market reached it's peak, production and employment rates declined, quickly and severly. (At it's peak, the U.S.'s unemployment rate was 24.9%.) In addition, food prices fell, wages were low, and poverty struck not only America, but all around the world.

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4. World War Two is generally divided into two 'two theatres'. What are they and why is the war discussed in this way? 

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4. World War Two is generally divided into two 'two theatres'. What are they and why is the war discussed in this way? 

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World War 2 was divided into two theatres known as the Pacific Theatre and the European Theatre. The European Theatre of WW2 was spread from the Atlantic Ocean to the Ural Mountains in Russia. It also included the Mediterranean Basin, which incorporated the Middle East and North Africa. The Pacific Theatre region consisted of eastern China,  southeast Asia, the islands of Oceania, and the Aleutian Islands of North America. The War is discussed in this way to make a clear understanding of the geography of the war and to make a clear definition between the sides. The two theatres were the major areas of the war and it was where most of the battles took place.

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2: The Great Depression began in the United States, with a 24.9% unemployment rate, economic decrease of almost 50%, and deflation of over 10% - it took twenty-five years for the U.S. economy to fully recover.

As the American economy suffered, they created 'trade barriers' to protect American businesses. These barriers meant that national alliances were stopped and other countries began to suffer as well - world trade dropped by 66%.
Unemployment rates during the 1930's were:
- 29% in Australia
- 25% in Germany
- 20% in the U.K.

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Neville Chamberlain was the British PM from 1937-40, and is most closely associated with the appeasement. The retributive conditions in Germany meant that other potential challengers to Hitler chose to concede certain claims rather than confront him. This behaviour resulted in the signing of the Munich Agreement (by Chamberlain and the French PM) because he wanted peace. However when it failed, Chamberlain responded by guaranteeing Polish sovereignty.

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Winston Churchill was the prime minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945.
Winston Churchill called hitler a warmonger, this means he sees him as a person who intentionally shows aggression to other countries or groups. In Chamberlain s  attempts to make peace with hitler and too Germany, hitler deflected and disagreed, resulting in the failure of appeasement. this only proved Churchills disapproval of hitler and shoes that he never intends to have peace, only power.

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On September 1, 1939, Nazi Germany invaded Poland, signalling the start of the 2nd World War. A day prior to this Nazi operatives pretended to be polish officers in order to attack on a radio station in the Silesian city of Gleiwitz. Germany used this as the  pretext to its invasion the next day. The actual battle only lasted about a month before Nazi victory

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4: The Nazi propaganda election poster made Hitler look like the leader that Germany needed. It targeted the weaknesses of Germany at the time. A lot of German people were left Jobless because of the great depression and therefore they are the ones the posters were meant to appeal to. The caption on the Poster stated that Hitler was Germany's last hope. This made Hitler look like his main focus was to help Germany and was going to fix the problem so many Germans faced. Because of this Hitler was liked by a lot of the Germans.

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2. How did the concept of Lebensraum contribute to the cause of World War II?

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2. How did the concept of Lebensraum contribute to the cause of World War II?

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The geopolitical concept of Lebensraum (German for "living space") was the idea that land expansion was essential to the survival of people. This made Nazi leader Adolf Hitler want to expand Germany to the east to get more “living space”/Lebensraum which contributed to the cause of World War II. Hitler believed that adding living space would strengthen Germany by helping solve internal problems such as helping Germany become economically self- sufficient by adding food and other raw material sources and making the militarily become stronger.

In addition to Hitler wanting more living space he looked eastward for Germany’s expansion in Europe because he believed that the Soviet Union shouldn’t be run by ‘Jews’ and concluded that Germany had a right to take Russian Land.

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Q4. What was the Sino-Japanese war?  What were the foreign reactions?

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Q4. What was the Sino-Japanese war?  What were the foreign reactions?

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The Sino-Japanese War was a conflict between the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan from July 7, 1937, to September 2, 1945. The start of the war is widely considered to be the Marco Polo Bridge Incident in 1937, a battle between China's National Revolutionary Army and the Imperial Japanese Army.

Pressured by the Chinese military, Japanese Prime Minister Konoe permitted Japanese troops in China to grow and strengthen. By the end of the year Japanese forces had occupied Shanghai, Nanking, and southern Shanxi province.

After seizing the capital of Nanking, the Japanese brutally attacked the city in late 1937 and early 1938, killing nearly 300,000 people. The event became known as the Rape of Nanking.

Unable to confront the Japanese directly in battle, the Chinese traded some of their land for time as they built up their forces. By destroying some of the Japanese military bases, the Chinese were able to slow the Japanese advance by mid-1938.

By 1940, the war had become a stalemate with the Japanese controlling the coastal cities and railroads and the Chinese occupying the interior and countryside.

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1: Hand Over Territories and Colonies, Limits on Arms, Forces and Equipment, War Crimes Trials

3: I think that the massive debt would affect the economy of Germany, businesses, the payment for house, food all would have been affected due to the $33 billion dollar debt.
- Ian

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Q1. What was Japan’s situation after the end of ww1

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Q1. What was Japan’s situation after the end of ww1

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After the war the European powers and the U.S. recognized Japan as a colonial power. This led to the rise of nationalist  and ultra-right wing leaders such as Fumimaro Konoe and Sadao Araki, who wanted to unite Asia under the rule of the emperor. With the onset of the Great Depression, Japan moved towards a fascist system with the army having a growing influence over the emperor and government.

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Q2. Outline Japan and China's relationship 

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Q2. Outline Japan and China's relationship 

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According to the Chinese government, the relationship between China and Japan has long been strained by Japan's refusal to acknowledge its war time past to China's satisfaction. The 1978 Sino- Japanese peace treaty and friendship, turned the content of the 1972 joint statement to a truce. Japan supported China's economic development though official development assistance, fostering growth of bilateral ties. However, according to Japanese government, the expansion of China's military force and its assertive actions have been damaging the bilateral relation. Sino-Japanese relations warmed considerably, though, after Shinzo Abe became the Prime minister pf Japan in September 2006. Although tensions between the two later rose after the japan's nationalisation of the Senkaku Islands in war-linked Yasukuni shrine on Tokyo, China remains Japan's biggest trading partner.

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3.
The great depression put huge pressure on the economy, leaving the population worried about their finances and how they could survive with such little money. This meant that people were split based on wealth, causing tension and indignation amongst the citizens. The great depression particularly affected Germany, which allowed Adolf Hitler to climb the political ladder with hopes and promises for the people suffering from the Great Depression.  The people no longer had trust in the current (at the time) political party as most of the middle class were financially wiped out. Because of this, they turned to more extreme right wing parties who guaranteed them a better life, this party was Hitler and the Nazis. He blamed The Treaty of Versailles (a form signed in June 1919 at the end of WWI, which was an agreement of peace between the Allies and Germany) for the Great Depression, fuelling anger and hatred in Germany.

However, it was't just Germany that tipped the boat. The Depression had an impact world wide. Countries were barely able to support themselves, so soon international trading was stopped which created further strain on international relations.

All these elements combined, created global tension and uprising, contributing to World War II.

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Q3. How did the invasion of Manchuria create further tension?

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Q3. How did the invasion of Manchuria create further tension?

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The invasion of Manchuria was carried out by the Japanese because they wanted to expand. They did this by faking an attack on their railway track and blaming it on the Chinese, prompting them to attack and expand on Manchuria. Following the government's policy of non-resistance, the Nationalist Chinese forces in the region refused to fight, allowing the Japanese to occupy much of the province. On October 24, the League of Nations passed a resolution demanding the withdrawal of Japanese troops by November 16. However, this resolution was rejected by Tokyo and Japanese troops continued trying to secure Manchuria. In January the U.S. said that it would not recognise any government formed by Japanese aggression, and in 1933 Japan left the organisation.

This created further tension because the Japanese attacked the Chinese for the sole purpose of expansion, and refused to retreat. This caused anger within these, and other, countries