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Microsoft SharePoint, (anteriormente Microsoft Office Groove) también conocido como Microsoft SharePoint Products and Technologies, es una plataforma de colaboración empresarial, formada por productos y elementos de software que incluye, entre una selección cada vez mayor de componentes, funciones de colaboración, basado en el navegador web, módulos de administración de procesos, módulos de búsqueda y una plataforma de administración de documentos ( gestión documental).

SharePoint puede utilizarse para sitios de que acceda a espacios de trabajo compartidos, almacenes de información y documentos, así como para alojar aplicaciones definidas como los wikis y blogs. Todos los usuarios pueden manipular los controles propietarios llamados "web parts" o interactuar con piezas de contenido, como listas y bibliotecas de documentos.

El término "SharePoint" colectivamente puede hacer referencia a una serie de productos que van desde la plataforma base a diversos servicios. La plataforma es Windows SharePoint Services (WSS), que se incluye con Windows Server y está disponible como descarga gratuita para aquellos con licencias de Windows Server. Servicios tales como Microsoft Office SharePoint Server (MOSS) proporcionan funcionalidad y características adicionales que tienen licencia, en consecuencia.

La versión lanzada a mediados de 2009, sustituye al Windows SharePoint Services (WSS) por el nombre Sharepoint Foundation. Por su parte, la versión Server cambia su denominación MOSS, por simplemente SharePoint Server 2010.

Microsoft, como parte de la familia de productos y tecnologías de SharePoint, identifica los siguientes:

Windows SharePoint Services 3.0 (WSS)

Search Server 2008 Express

Search Server 2008

Forms Server 2007

Microsoft Office SharePoint Server 2007 MOSS Standard

Microsoft Office SharePoint Server 2007 MOSS Enterprise

Microsoft Office Groove Server 2007

Microsoft Office Project Server 2007

Integración con herramientas para desarrolladores

Para el desarrollo de sus flujos de trabajo, páginas web y desarrollo a medida, se cuentan con las siguientes herramientas:

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Microsoft SharePoint - Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre

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Microsoft SharePoint, (anteriormente Microsoft Office Groove) también conocido como Microsoft SharePoint Products and Technologies, es una plataforma de colaboración empresarial, formada por productos y elementos de software que incluye, entre una selección cada vez mayor de componentes, funciones de colaboración, basado en el navegador web, módulos de administración de procesos, módulos de búsqueda y una plataforma de administración de documentos ( gestión documental).

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De Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre

Ir a la navegación Ir a la búsqueda

Microsoft InfoPath fue una aplicación usada para desarrollar formularios de entrada de datos basados en XML. Su primera publicación, InfoPath 2003, fue como parte de Microsoft Office 2003, después en julio del 2004 se publicó InfoPath 2003 Service Pack 1. La última publicación, Infopath 2013, fue lanzada dentro del conjunto de programas Microsoft Office 2013. Inicialmente se le dio el nombre "Xdocs". La principal característica de Infopath es la habilidad de poder crear y ver documentos XML con soporte para XML Schema. Infopath puede conectarse a sistemas externos usando servicios web XML a través de MSXML y el SOAP Toolkit, back-end y sistemas middle-tier pudiendo configurar la comunicación usando estándares de servicios web como SOAP, UDDI y WSDL. Su última versión es InfoPath 2013, sigue con soporte hasta abril de 2023.​ .

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Microsoft InfoPath - Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre

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De Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre Ir a la navegación Ir a la búsqueda Microsoft InfoPath fue una aplicación usada para desarrollar formularios de entrada de datos basados en XML. Su primera publicación, InfoPath 2003, fue como parte de Microsoft Office 2003, después en julio del 2004 se publicó InfoPath 2003 Service Pack 1.

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Microsoft Office Access 2021 running on Windows 10

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Microsoft Word es un software de tratamiento de textos. Lo creó Microsoft y está integrado por defecto en el paquete de Microsoft Office,​ así como Microsoft PowerPoint, Microsoft Excel, Microsoft OneNote y Microsoft Outlook. Gracias a Office Online, estos también son accesibles a través de un navegador web como aplicación basada en la web. También están disponibles como aplicaciones móviles en Android e iOS, y como aplicación de escritorio para Windows y Mac.

Originalmente, fue desarrollado por Charles Simonyi para el computador de IBM, con el sistema operativo DOS, en 1981. Se programaron versiones posteriores para muchas otras plataformas, incluidas las computadoras IBM que funcionaban con el sistema MS-DOS ( 1983). Es un componente de la suite ofimática Microsoft Office; también se vende de forma independiente y está incluido en la suite de Microsoft Works.​

Su última versión es Word 2021 para Windows y Mac; es el procesador de texto más popular del mundo.​

Reseña histórica

La primera versión de Microsoft Word fue un desarrollo realizado por Charles Simonyi y Richard Brodie, dos exprogramadores de Xerox contratados en 1981 por Bill Gates y Paul Allen.

Estos programadores habían trabajado en Xerox Bravo, que fuera el primer procesador de textos desarrollado bajo la técnica WYSIWYG ("What You See Is What You Get"); es decir, el usuario podía ver anticipadamente, en pantalla, el formato final que aparecería en el impreso del documento.

Esta primera versión, Word 1.0, salió al mercado en octubre de 1983 para la plataforma Xenix MS-DOS; en principio fue rudimentario y le siguieron otras cuatro versiones muy similares que no produjeron casi impacto en las ventas a usuarios finales.

La primera versión de Word para Windows salió en 1989, que, si bien en un entorno gráfico resultó bastante fácil de operar, también permitió que las ventas se incrementaran notablemente.

Cuando se lanzó al mercado Windows 3.0, en 1990, se produjo el despegue. A Word 1.0 le sucedieron Word 2.0 en 1991 y Word 6.0 en 1993.

El posterior salto en los números de versión se introdujo a fin de que coincidiera con la numeración de versión de Windows, tal como fueron Word 95 y Word 97.

Con la salida de Windows 2000 (1999) también surgió la versión homóloga de Word. La versión Word 2002 emergió en la misma época que el paquete Microsoft Office XP, en 2001. Un año después le siguió la versión Microsoft Word 2003. Posteriormente se presentó Microsoft Word 2007 junto con el resto de los programas del paquete Office 2007. En esta versión, Microsoft marcó un nuevo cambio en la historia de los programas office presentando la nueva interfaz Ribbons, más sencilla e intuitiva que las anteriores (aunque muy criticada por usuarios acostumbrados a las versiones anteriores).

La versión más reciente lanzada al mercado es Microsoft Word 2021.

Microsoft Word fue en 2009 el líder absoluto en ese sector del mercado, contando con alrededor de 500 000 000 de usuarios (cifras de 2008);​ y si bien ya ha cumplido sus 25 años,​ continúa su liderazgo, pero ya los procesadores de texto basados en la red y las soluciones de código abierto comenzaron a ganarle terreno.

El 11 de agosto de 2009, el juez Leonard Davis, de la Corte Federal de los EE. UU. en el Distrito Este de Texas, División Tyler, emitió una orden judicial por la que debía ponerse en práctica dentro de 60 días la prohibición de la venta de Microsoft Word en los Estados Unidos,​ después de aceptar las reclamaciones de que Microsoft infringió deliberadamente la patente EE. UU. 5787449 en poder de la empresa canadiense i4i con base en Toronto, que describe la utilidad de la estructura de la edición por separado (por ejemplo, SGML, XML) y el contenido de los documentos de Microsoft Word, originalmente implementada en 1998, en editor de i4i XML add-on para Microsoft Word con el nombre S4.​ El juez Davis también ordenó a Microsoft pagar a i4i 40 000 000 de dólares de daños mayores por infracción deliberada, así como otros gastos, una sentencia además de la sentencia de 200 000 000 de dólares contra Microsoft en marzo de 2009.​ trajes de Patentes se han interpuesto en los tribunales del Distrito Este de Texas, como es conocido por favorecer a los demandantes y por su experiencia en casos de patentes.​ Antes de entrar en la escuela de leyes en 1974, el juez Davis trabajó como programador de computadoras y analista de sistemas.​

Microsoft ha presentado una moción de emergencia en la que pidió la suspensión de esa decisión. En su petición, la empresa afirma que es "gastar un enorme capital humano y financiero para hacer su mejor esfuerzo para cumplir con el plazo del tribunal de distrito de 60 días". Además, de que la alegación de la de patentes en el corazón de esta cuestión ya ha sido provisionalmente, rechazada por la Oficina de Patentes de EE. UU. tras un nuevo examen de la patente.​

Versiones para Microsoft Windows

1989 Word para Windows 1.0 y 2, nombre clave "Opus""

1990 Word para Windows 1.1 y 3.0, nombre clave "Bill the Cat"

1990 Word para Windows 1.1a

1991 Word para Windows 2.0, nombre clave "Spaceman Spiff"

1993 Word para Windows 6.0, nombre clave "T3" (renombrada "6" por representar el mismo producto en

, y también WordPerfect, el principal procesador de texto competidor de la época)

1995 Word para Windows 95, también conocido como Word 7 (aquí explotó en popularidad, hasta la actualidad)

1997 Word 97, también conocido como Word 8

1999 Word 2000, también conocido como Word 9

2001 Word 2002, también conocido como Word 10 o Word XP

2003 Word 2003, también conocido como Word 11, pero oficialmente llamado Microsoft Office Word 2003

2007 Word 2007, también conocido como Word 12, pero oficialmente llamado Microsoft Office Word 2007

2010 Word 2010, también conocido como Word 14, pero oficialmente llamado Microsoft Word 2010

2013 Word 2013, también conocido como Word 15, pero oficialmente llamado Microsoft Word 2013

2016 Word 2016, también conocido como Word 16, pero oficialmente llamado Microsoft Word 2016

2019 Word 2019, también conocido como Word 17, pero oficialmente llamado Microsoft Word 2019

2021 Word 2021, también conocido como Word 18, pero oficialmente conocido como Microsoft Word 2021.

Versiones para Apple Macintosh

Microsoft Word para sistemas UNIX 5.1

Código fuente

El código fuente del Word para Windows 1.1a (1989), junto con los del MS-DOS 1.1 (1982) y 2.0 (1983) fueron publicados por Microsoft el 25 de marzo de 2014.​

Formatos de archivos

Formato DOC

Microsoft Word utiliza un formato nativo cerrado y muy utilizado, comúnmente llamado DOC (utiliza la extensión de archivo .doc). Por la amplísima difusión del Microsoft Word, este formato se ha convertido en estándar de facto con el que pueden transferirse textos con formato o sin formato, o hasta imágenes, siendo preferido por muchos usuarios antes que otras opciones como el texto plano para el texto sin formato, o JPG para gráficos; sin embargo, este formato posee la desventaja de tener un mayor tamaño comparado con algunos otros. Por otro lado, la Organización Internacional para la Estandarización ha elegido el formato Office Open XML como estándar para el intercambio de texto con formato, lo cual ha supuesto una desventaja para el formato .doc. A partir de Word 2007, se maneja un nuevo formato, . Es más avanzado y comprime aún más el documento. Sin embargo, todavía es posible guardar archivos con el formato .doc. Puede instalarse un complemento para abrir documentos creados en Office 2007 desde versiones de Office anteriores, disponible desde la página la página de Microsoft.

Formato RTF

El formato RTF (siglas en inglés para Rich Text Format o 'Formato de texto enriquecido') surgió como acuerdo para intercambio de datos entre Microsoft y Apple en los tiempos en que Apple dominaba el mercado de los computadores personales. Las primeras versiones del formato .doc de Word derivaban del RTF. Incluso ahora hay programas de Microsoft, tal como WordPad, que usan directamente RTF como formato nativo. El documento en formato RTF tiene extensión .rtf

Es un formato de texto compatible, en el sentido que puede ser migrado desde y hacia cualquier versión de Word, e incluso muchos otros procesadores de textos y de aplicaciones programadas. También es usado por Word para importar y exportar a formatos implementados por DLLs. Puede considerársele un segundo formato nativo.

El RTF es una forma particular para dar formato a un texto, salvando las diferencias, como lo puede ser HTML o Tex, insertando códigos particulares entre el texto. No se usa inclusión de comandos y controles en el documento como se hace en el formato DOC, que pueden inhabilitar a otras programas o procesadores a abrirlos. Para observar cómo un documento está formateado en RTF sencillamente se abre el archivo con cualquier editor de texto de formato ASCII, por ejemplo, con el Bloc de notas de Windows.

Otros formatos

Word tiene un mecanismo similar a los plug-ins para entender otros formatos. Fue desarrollado en los tiempos en que Word Perfect era el estándar de facto para quitarle cuota de mercado. Se basa en instalar una librería dinámica o DLL para implementar el formato.

Microsoft incluso publicó un Converter SDK (Software Development Kit) para permitir a los usuarios de Word 6.0 que escribieran soporte para formatos no soportados.

Ahora que Microsoft es el estándar de facto este SDK ya no resulta interesante para la empresa Microsoft y se encuentra abandonado. Puede ser descargado de la página web de Microsoft, pero solo hace referencia a Word 6.0 y Word 95.

En las versiones desde 2010 de Word permite guardar como documento PDF, en la ruta Archivo > Exportar.

Referencias

Véase también

Enlaces externos

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Microsoft Word - Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Microsoft Word es un software de tratamiento de textos. Lo creó Microsoft y está integrado por defecto en el paquete de Microsoft Office,​ así como Microsoft PowerPoint, Microsoft Excel, Microsoft OneNote y Microsoft Outlook. Gracias a Office Online, estos también son accesibles a través de un navegador web como aplicación basada en la web.

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Initial release

May 22, 1990; 32 years ago

Office 365

2107 (Beta Channel) (16.0.13901.20462) / June 8, 2021; 13 months ago

One-time purchase

2021 / October 5, 2021; 9 months ago [1]

Available in

102 languages[2]

Afrikaans, Albanian, Amharic, Arabic, Armenian, Assamese, Azerbaijani (Latin), Bangla (Bangladesh), Bangla (Bengali India), Basque, Belarusian, Bosnian (Latin), Bulgarian, Catalan, Chinese (Simplified), Chinese (Traditional), Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dari, Dutch, English, Estonian, Filipino, Finnish, French, Galician, Georgian, German, Greek, Gujarati, Hausa, Hebrew, Hindi, Hungarian, Icelandic, Igbo, Indonesian, Irish, isiXhosa, isiZulu, Italian, Spanish, Kannada, Kazakh, Khmer, Kinyarwanda, Kiswahili, Konkani, Korean, Kyrgyz, Latvian, Lithuanian, Luxembourgish, Macedonian (Macedonia), Malay (Latin), Malayalam, Maltese, Maori, Marathi, Mongolian (Cyrillic), Nepali, Norwegian (Bokmål), Norwegian (Nynorsk), Odia, Pashto, Persian (Farsi), Polish, Portuguese (Portugal), Portuguese (Brazil), Punjabi (India), Quechua, Romanian, Romansh, Russian, Scottish Gaelic, Serbian (Cyrillic, Serbia), Serbian (Latin, Serbia), Serbian (Cyrillic, Bosnia and Herzegovina), Sesotho sa Leboa, Setswana, Sindhi (Arabic), Sinhala, Slovak, Slovenian, Spanish, Swedish, Tamil, Tatar (Cyrillic), Telugu, Thai, Turkish, Turkmen (Latin), Ukrainian, Urdu, Uyghur, Uzbek (Latin), Valencian, Vietnamese, Welsh, Wolof, Yoruba

Website
https://products.office.com/en-us/powerpoint

Initial release

April 20, 1987; 35 years ago

Stable release

16.56 (Build 21121100) / December 14, 2021; 7 months ago [3]

Microsoft PowerPoint is a presentation program, created by Robert Gaskins and Dennis Austin at a software company named Forethought, Inc. It was released on April 20, 1987, initially for Macintosh computers only. Microsoft acquired PowerPoint for about $14 million three months after it appeared. This was Microsoft's first significant acquisition, and Microsoft set up a new business unit for PowerPoint in Silicon Valley where Forethought had been located.

PowerPoint became a component of the Microsoft Office suite, first offered in 1989 for Macintosh and in 1990 for Windows, which bundled several Microsoft apps. Beginning with PowerPoint 4.0 (1994), PowerPoint was integrated into Microsoft Office development, and adopted shared common components and a converged user interface.

PowerPoint's market share was very small at first, prior to introducing a version for Microsoft Windows, but grew rapidly with the growth of Windows and of Office. Since the late 1990s, PowerPoint's worldwide market share of presentation software has been estimated at 95 percent.

PowerPoint was originally designed to provide visuals for group presentations within business organizations, but has come to be very widely used in many other communication situations, both in business and beyond. The impact of this much wider use of PowerPoint has been experienced as a powerful change throughout society, with strong reactions including advice that it should be used less, should be used differently, or should be used better.

The first PowerPoint version (Macintosh 1987) was used to produce overhead transparencies, the second (Macintosh 1988, Windows 1990) could also produce color 35 mm slides. The third version (Windows and Macintosh 1992) introduced video output of virtual slideshows to digital projectors, which would over time completely replace physical transparencies and slides. A dozen major versions since then have added many additional features and modes of operation and have made PowerPoint available beyond Apple Macintosh and Microsoft Windows, adding versions for iOS, Android, and web access.[citation needed ]

PowerPoint was created by Robert Gaskins and Dennis Austin at a software startup in Silicon Valley named Forethought, Inc. Forethought had been founded in 1983 to create an integrated environment and applications for future personal computers that would provide a graphical user interface, but it had run into difficulties requiring a "restart" and new plan.

On July 5, 1984, Forethought hired Robert Gaskins as its vice president of product development to create a new application that would be especially suited to the new graphical personal computers, such as Microsoft Windows and Apple Macintosh. Gaskins produced his initial description of PowerPoint about a month later (August 14, 1984) in the form of a 2-page document titled "Presentation Graphics for Overhead Projection." By October 1984 Gaskins had selected Dennis Austin to be the developer for PowerPoint. Gaskins and Austin worked together on the definition and design of the new product for nearly a year, and produced the first specification document dated August 21, 1985. This first design document showed a product as it would look in Microsoft Windows 1.0, which at that time had not been released.

Development from that spec was begun by Austin in November 1985, for Macintosh first. About six months later, on May 1, 1986, Gaskins and Austin chose a second developer to join the project, Thomas Rudkin. Gaskins prepared two final product specification marketing documents in June 1986; these described a product for both Macintosh and Windows. At about the same time, Austin, Rudkin, and Gaskins produced a second and final major design specification document, this time showing a Macintosh look.

Throughout this development period, the product was called "Presenter." Then, just before release, there was a last-minute check with Forethought's lawyers to register the name as a trademark, and "Presenter" was unexpectedly rejected because it had already been used by someone else. Gaskins says that he thought of "PowerPoint", based on the product's goal of "empowering" individual presenters, and sent that name to the lawyers for clearance, while all the documentation was hastily revised.

Funding to complete development of PowerPoint was assured in mid-January, 1987, when a new Apple Computer venture capital fund, called Apple's Strategic Investment Group, selected PowerPoint to be its first investment. A month later, on February 22, 1987, Forethought announced PowerPoint at the Personal Computer Forum in Phoenix; John Sculley, the CEO of Apple, appeared at the announcement and said "We see desktop presentation as potentially a bigger market for Apple than desktop publishing."

PowerPoint 1.0 for Macintosh shipped from manufacturing on April 20, 1987, and the first production run of 10,000 units was sold out.

By early 1987, Microsoft was starting to plan a new application to create presentations, an activity led by Jeff Raikes, who was head of marketing for the Applications Division. Microsoft assigned an internal group to write a specification and plan for a new presentation product. They contemplated an acquisition to speed up development, and in early 1987 Microsoft sent a letter of intent to acquire Dave Winer's product called MORE, an outlining program that could print its outlines as bullet charts. During this preparatory activity Raikes discovered that a program specifically to make overhead presentations was already being developed by Forethought, Inc., and that it was nearly completed. Raikes and others visited Forethought on February 6, 1987, for a confidential demonstration.

Raikes later recounted his reaction to seeing PowerPoint and his report about it to Bill Gates, who was initially skeptical:

I thought, "software to do overheads-that's a great idea." I came back to see Bill. I said, "Bill, I think we really ought to do this;" and Bill said, "No, no, no, no, no, that's just a feature of Microsoft Word, just put it into Word." ... And I kept saying, "Bill, no, it's not just a feature of Microsoft Word, it's a whole genre of how people do these presentations." And, to his credit, he listened to me and ultimately allowed me to go forward and ... buy this company in Silicon Valley called Forethought, for the product known as PowerPoint.

When PowerPoint was released by Forethought, its initial press was favorable; the Wall Street Journal reported on early reactions: "'I see about one product a year I get this excited about,' says Amy Wohl, a consultant in Bala Cynwyd, Pa. 'People will buy a Macintosh just to get access to this product.'"

On April 28, 1987, a week after shipment, a group of Microsoft's senior executives spent another day at Forethought to hear about initial PowerPoint sales on Macintosh and plans for Windows. The following day, Microsoft sent a letter to Dave Winer withdrawing its earlier letter of intent to acquire his company, and in mid-May 1987 Microsoft sent a letter of intent to acquire Forethought. As requested in that letter of intent, Robert Gaskins from Forethought went to Redmond for a one-on-one meeting with Bill Gates in early June, 1987, and by the end of July an agreement was concluded for an acquisition. The New York Times reported:

... July 30 1987- The Microsoft Corporation announced its first significant software acquisition today, paying $14 million [$33.4 million in present-day terms] for Forethought Inc. of Sunnyvale, Calif. Forethought makes a program called PowerPoint that allows users of Apple Macintosh computers to make overhead transparencies or flip charts. ... [T]he acquisition of Forethought is the first significant one for Microsoft, which is based in Redmond, Wash. Forethought would remain in Sunnyvale, giving Microsoft a Silicon Valley presence. The unit will be headed by Robert Gaskins, Forethought's vice president of product development.

Microsoft's president Jon Shirley offered Microsoft's motivation for the acquisition: "'We made this deal primarily because of our belief in desktop presentations as a product category. ... Forethought was first to market with a product in this category.'"

Microsoft set up within its Applications Division an independent "Graphics Business Unit" to develop and market PowerPoint, the first Microsoft application group distant from the main Redmond location. All the PowerPoint people from Forethought joined Microsoft, and the new location was headed by Robert Gaskins, with Dennis Austin and Thomas Rudkin leading development. PowerPoint 1.0 for Macintosh was modified to indicate the new Microsoft ownership and continued to be sold.

A new PowerPoint 2.0 for Macintosh, adding color 35 mm slides, appeared by mid-1988, and again received good reviews. The same PowerPoint 2.0 product re-developed for Windows was shipped two years later, in mid-1990, at the same time as Windows 3.0. Much of the color technology was the fruit of a joint development partnership with Genigraphics, at that time the dominant presentation services company.

PowerPoint 3.0, which was shipped in 1992 for both Windows and Mac, added live video for projectors and monitors, with the result that PowerPoint was thereafter used for delivering presentations as well as for preparing them. This was at first an alternative to overhead transparencies and 35 mm slides, but over time would come to replace them.

PowerPoint had been included in Microsoft Office from the beginning. PowerPoint 2.0 for Macintosh was part of the first Office bundle for Macintosh which was offered in mid-1989. When PowerPoint 2.0 for Windows appeared, a year later, it was part of a similar Office bundle for Windows, which was offered in late 1990. Both of these were bundling promotions, in which the independent applications were packaged together and offered for a lower total price.

PowerPoint 3.0 (1992) was again separately specified and developed, and was prominently advertised and sold separately from Office. It was, as before, included in Microsoft Office 3.0, both for Windows and the corresponding version for Macintosh.

A plan to integrate the applications themselves more tightly had been indicated as early as February 1991, toward the end of PowerPoint 3.0 development, in an internal memo by Bill Gates:

Another important question is what portion of our applications sales over time will be a set of applications versus a single product. ... Please assume that we stay ahead in integrating our family together in evaluating our future strategies-the product teams WILL deliver on this. ... I believe that we should position the "OFFICE" as our most important application.

Although PowerPoint by this point had become part of the integrated Microsoft Office product, its development remained in Silicon Valley. Succeeding versions of PowerPoint introduced important changes, particularly version 12.0 (2007) which had a very different shared Office " ribbon" user interface, and a new shared Office XML-based file format. This marked the 20th anniversary of PowerPoint, and Microsoft held an event to commemorate that anniversary at its Silicon Valley Campus for the PowerPoint team there. Special guests were Robert Gaskins, Dennis Austin, and Thomas Rudkin, and the featured speaker was Jeff Raikes, all from PowerPoint 1.0 days, 20 years before.

Since then major development of PowerPoint as part of Office has continued. New development techniques (shared across Office) for PowerPoint 2016 have made it possible to ship versions of PowerPoint 2016 for Windows, Mac, iOS, Android, and web access nearly simultaneously,[citation needed ] and to release new features on an almost monthly schedule. PowerPoint development is still carried out in Silicon Valley as of 2017.

PowerPoint's initial sales were about 40,000 copies sold in 1987 (nine months), about 85,000 copies in 1988, and about 100,000 copies in 1989, all for Macintosh. PowerPoint's market share in its first three years was a tiny part of the total presentation market, which was very heavily dominated by MS-DOS applications on PCs. The market leaders on MS-DOS in 1988-1989 were Harvard Graphics (introduced by Software Publishing in 1986) in first place, and Lotus Freelance Plus (also introduced in 1986) as a strong second. They were competing with more than a dozen other MS-DOS presentation products, and Microsoft did not develop a PowerPoint version for MS-DOS. After three years, PowerPoint sales were disappointing. Jeff Raikes, who had bought PowerPoint for Microsoft, later recalled: "By 1990, it looked like it wasn't a very smart idea [for Microsoft to have acquired PowerPoint], because not very many people were using PowerPoint."

This began to change when the first version for Windows, PowerPoint 2.0, brought sales up to about 200,000 copies in 1990 and to about 375,000 copies in 1991, with Windows units outselling Macintosh. PowerPoint sold about 1 million copies in 1992, of which about 80 percent were for Windows and about 20 percent for Macintosh, and in 1992 PowerPoint's market share of worldwide presentation graphics software sales was reported as 63 percent. By the last six months of 1992, PowerPoint revenue was running at a rate of over $100 million annually ($239 million in present-day terms).

Sales of PowerPoint 3.0 doubled to about 2 million copies in 1993, of which about 90 percent were for Windows and about 10 percent for Macintosh, and in 1993 PowerPoint's market share of worldwide presentation graphics software sales was reported as 78 percent. In both years, about half of total revenue came from sales outside the U.S.

Since the late 1990s, PowerPoint's market share of total world presentation software has been estimated at 95 percent by both industry and academic sources.

The earliest version of PowerPoint (1987 for Macintosh) could be used to print black and white pages to be photocopied onto sheets of transparent film for projection from overhead projectors, and to print speaker's notes and audience handouts; the next version (1988 for Macintosh, 1990 for Windows) was extended to also produce color 35mm slides by communicating a file over a modem to a Genigraphics imaging center with slides returned by overnight delivery for projection from slide projectors. PowerPoint was used for planning and preparing a presentation, but not for delivering it (apart from previewing it on a computer screen, or distributing printed paper copies). The operation of PowerPoint changed substantially in its third version (1992 for Windows and Macintosh), when PowerPoint was extended to also deliver a presentation by producing direct video output to digital projectors or large monitors. In 1992 video projection of presentations was rare and expensive, and practically unknown from a laptop computer. Robert Gaskins, one of the creators of PowerPoint, says he publicly demonstrated that use for the first time at a large Microsoft meeting held in Paris on February 25, 1992, by using an unreleased development build of PowerPoint 3.0 running on an early pre-production sample of a powerful new color laptop and feeding a professional auditorium video projector.

By about 2003, ten years later, digital projection had become the dominant mode of use, replacing transparencies and 35mm slides and their projectors. As a result, the meaning of "PowerPoint presentation" narrowed to mean specifically digital projection:

... in the business lexicon, "PowerPoint presentation" had come to refer to a presentation made using a PowerPoint slideshow projected from a computer. Although the PowerPoint software had been used to generate transparencies for over a decade, this usage was not typically encompassed by a common understanding of the term.

In contemporary operation, PowerPoint is used to create a file (called a "presentation" or "deck") containing a sequence of pages (called "slides" in the app) which usually have a consistent style (from template masters), and which may contain information imported from other apps or created in PowerPoint, including text, bullet lists, tables, charts, drawn shapes, images, audio clips, video clips, animations of elements, and animated transitions between slides, plus attached notes for each slide.

After such a file is created, typical operation is to present it as a slide show using a portable computer, where the presentation file is stored on the computer or available from a network, and the computer's screen shows a "presenter view" with current slide, next slide, speaker's notes for the current slide, and other information. Video is sent from the computer to one or more external digital projectors or monitors, showing only the current slide to the audience, with sequencing controlled by the speaker at the computer. A smartphone remote control built in to PowerPoint for iOS (optionally controlled from Apple Watch) and for Android allows the presenter to control the show from elsewhere in the room.

In addition to a computer slide show projected to a live audience by a speaker, PowerPoint can be used to deliver a presentation in a number of other ways:

Displayed on the screen of the presentation computer or tablet (for a very small group)

Printed for distribution as paper documents (in several formats)

Distributed as files for private viewing, even on computers without PowerPoint

Packaged for distribution on CD or a network, including linked and embedded data

Transmitted as a live broadcast presentation over the web

Embedded in a web page or blog

Shared on social networks such as Facebook or Twitter

Set up as a self-running unattended display

Recorded as video/audio (H.264/AAC), to be distributed as for any other video

Some of these ways of using PowerPoint have been studied by JoAnne Yates and Wanda Orlikowski of the MIT Sloan School of Management:

The standard form of such presentations involves a single person standing before a group of people, talking and using the PowerPoint slideshow to project visual aids onto a screen. ... In practice, however, presentations are not always delivered in this mode. In our studies, we often found that the presenter sat at a table with a small group of people and walked them through a "deck", composed of paper copies of the slides. In some cases, decks were simply distributed to individuals, without even a walk-through or discussion. ... Other variations in the form included sending the PowerPoint file electronically to another site and talking through the slides over an audio or video channel (e.g., telephone or video conference) as both parties viewed the slides. ... Another common variation was placing a PowerPoint file on a web site for people to view at different times.

They found that some of these ways of using PowerPoint could influence the content of presentations, for example when "the slides themselves have to carry more of the substance of the presentation, and thus need considerably more content than they would have if they were intended for projection by a speaker who would orally provide additional details and nuance about content and context."

PowerPoint Mobile is included with Windows Mobile 5.0. It is a presentation program capable of reading and editing Microsoft PowerPoint presentations, although authoring abilities are limited to adding notes, editing text, and rearranging slides. It can't create new presentations. Versions of PowerPoint Mobile for Windows Phone 7 can also watch presentation broadcasts streamed from the Internet. In 2015, Microsoft released PowerPoint Mobile for Windows 10 as a universal app. In this version of PowerPoint users can create and edit new presentations, present, and share their PowerPoint documents.

PowerPoint for the web is a free lightweight version of Microsoft PowerPoint available as part of Office on the web, which also includes web versions of Microsoft Excel and Microsoft Word.

PowerPoint for the web does not support inserting or editing charts, equations, or audio or video stored on your PC, but they are all displayed in the presentation if they were added in using a desktop app. Some elements, like WordArt effects or more advanced animations and transitions, are not displayed at all, although they are preserved in the document. PowerPoint for the web also lacks the Outline, Master, Slide Sorter, and Presenter views present in the desktop app, as well as having limited printing options.

PowerPoint was originally targeted just for business presentations. Robert Gaskins, who was responsible for its design, has written about his intended customers: "... I did not target other existing large groups of users of presentations, such as school teachers or military officers. ... I also did not plan to target people who were not existing users of presentations ... such as clergy and school children ... . Our focus was purely on business users, in small and large companies, from one person to the largest multinationals." Business people had for a long time made presentations for sales calls and for internal company communications, and PowerPoint produced the same formats in the same style and for the same purposes.

PowerPoint use in business grew over its first five years (1987-1992) to sales of about 1 million copies annually, for worldwide market share of 63 percent. Over the following five years (1992-1997) PowerPoint sales accelerated, to a rate of about 4 million copies annually, for worldwide market share of 85 percent. The increase in business use has been attributed to " network effects," whereby additional users of PowerPoint in a company or an industry increased its salience and value to other users.

Not everyone immediately approved of the greater use of PowerPoint for presentations, even in business. CEOs who very early were reported to discourage or ban PowerPoint presentations at internal business meetings included Lou Gerstner (at IBM, in 1993), Scott McNealy (at Sun Microsystems, in 1996), and Steve Jobs (at Apple, in 1997). But even so, Rich Gold, a scholar who studied corporate presentation use at Xerox PARC, could write in 1999: "Within today's corporation, if you want to communicate an idea ... you use PowerPoint."

At the same time that PowerPoint was becoming dominant in business settings, it was also being adopted for uses beyond business: "Personal computing ... scaled up the production of presentations. ... The result has been the rise of presentation culture. In an information society, nearly everyone presents."

In 1998, at about the same time that Gold was pronouncing PowerPoint's ubiquity in business, the influential Bell Labs engineer Robert W. Lucky could already write about broader uses:

... the world has run amok with the giddy power of presentation graphics. A new language is in the air, and it is codified in PowerPoint. ... In a family discussion about what to do on a given evening, for example, I feel like pulling out my laptop and giving a Vugraph presentation... In church, I am surprised that the preachers haven't caught on yet. ... How have we gotten on so long without PowerPoint?

Over a decade or so, beginning in the mid 1990s, PowerPoint began to be used in many communication situations, well beyond its original business presentation uses, to include teaching in schools and in universities, lecturing in scientific meetings (and preparing their related poster sessions), worshipping in churches, making legal arguments in courtrooms, displaying supertitles in theaters, driving helmet-mounted displays in spacesuits for NASA astronauts, giving military briefings, issuing governmental reports, undertaking diplomatic negotiations, writing novels, giving architectural demonstrations, prototyping website designs, creating animated video games, creating art projects, and even as a substitute for writing engineering technical reports, and as an organizing tool for writing general business documents.

By 2003, it seemed that PowerPoint was being used everywhere. Julia Keller reported for the Chicago Tribune:

PowerPoint ... is one of the most pervasive and ubiquitous technological tools ever concocted. In less than a decade, it has revolutionized the worlds of business, education, science, and communications, swiftly becoming the standard for just about anybody who wants to explain just about anything to just about anybody else. From corporate middle managers reporting on production goals to 4th-graders fashioning a show-and-tell on the French and Indian War to church pastors explicating the seven deadly sins ... PowerPoint seems poised for world domination.

As uses broadened, cultural awareness of PowerPoint grew and commentary about it began to appear. "With the widespread adoption of PowerPoint came complaints ... often very general statements reflecting dissatisfaction with modern media and communication practices as well as the dysfunctions of organizational culture." Indications of this awareness included increasing mentions of PowerPoint use in the comic strips of Scott Adams, comic parodies of poor or inappropriate use such as the Gettysburg Address in PowerPoint or summaries of Shakespeare's Hamlet and Nabokov's Lolita in PowerPoint, and a vast number of publications on the general subject of PowerPoint, especially about how to use it.

Out of all the analyses of PowerPoint over a quarter of a century, at least three general themes emerged as categories of reaction to its broader use: (1) "Use it less": avoid PowerPoint in favor of alternatives, such as using more-complex graphics and written prose, or using nothing; (2) "Use it differently": make a major change to a PowerPoint style that is simpler and pictorial, turning the presentation toward a performance, more like a Steve Jobs keynote; and (3) "Use it better": retain much of the conventional PowerPoint style but learn to avoid making many kinds of mistakes that can interfere with communication.

An early reaction was that the broader use of PowerPoint was a mistake, and should be reversed. An influential example of this came from Edward Tufte, an authority on information design, who has been a professor of political science, statistics, and computer science at Princeton and Yale, but is best known for his self-published books on data visualization, which have sold nearly 2 million copies as of 2014.

In 2003, he published a widely-read booklet titled The Cognitive Style of PowerPoint, revised in 2006. Tufte found a number of problems with the "cognitive style" of PowerPoint, many of which he attributed to the standard default style templates:

PowerPoint's convenience for some presenters is costly to the content and the audience. These costs arise from the cognitive style characteristics of the standard default PP presentation: foreshortening of evidence and thought, low spatial resolution, an intensely hierarchical single-path structure as the model for organizing every type of content, breaking up narratives and data into slides and minimal fragments, rapid temporal sequencing of thin information rather than focused spatial analysis, conspicuous chartjunk and PP Phluff, branding of slides with logotypes, a preoccupation with format not content, incompetent designs for data graphics and tables, and a smirky commercialism that turns information into a sales pitch and presenters into marketeers [italics in original].

Tufte particularly advised against using PowerPoint for reporting scientific analyses, using as a dramatic example some slides made during the flight of the space shuttle Columbia after it had been damaged by an accident at liftoff, slides which poorly communicated the engineers' limited understanding of what had happened. For such technical presentations, and for most occasions apart from its initial domain of sales presentations, Tufte advised against using PowerPoint at all; in many situations, according to Tufte, it would be better to substitute high-resolution graphics or concise prose documents as handouts for the audience to study and discuss, providing a great deal more detail.

Many commentators enthusiastically joined in Tufte's vivid criticism of PowerPoint uses, and at a conference held in 2013 (a decade after Tufte's booklet appeared) one paper claimed that "Despite all the criticism about his work, Tufte can be considered as the single most influential author in the discourse on PowerPoint. ... While his approach was not rigorous from a research perspective, his articles received wide resonance with the public at large ... ." There were also others who disagreed with Tufte's assertion that the PowerPoint program reduces the quality of presenters' thoughts: Steven Pinker, professor of psychology at MIT and later Harvard, had earlier argued that "If anything, PowerPoint, if used well, would ideally reflect the way we think." Pinker later reinforced this opinion: "Any general opposition to PowerPoint is just dumb, ... It's like denouncing lectures-before there were awful PowerPoint presentations, there were awful scripted lectures, unscripted lectures, slide shows, chalk talks, and so on."

Much of the early commentary, on all sides, was "informal" and "anecdotal", because empirical research had been limited.

Use it differently

A second reaction to PowerPoint use was to say that PowerPoint can be used well, but only by substantially changing its style of use. This reaction is exemplified by Richard E. Mayer, a professor of psychology at the University of California, Santa Barbara, who has studied cognition and learning, particularly the design of educational multimedia, and who has published more than 500 publications, including over 30 books. Mayer's theme has been that "In light of the science, it is up to us to make a fundamental shift in our thinking-we can no longer expect people to struggle to try to adapt to our PowerPoint habits. Instead, we have to change our PowerPoint habits to align with the way people learn."

Mayer suggested a few major changes from traditional PowerPoint formats:

replacing brief slide titles with longer "headlines" expressing complete ideas;

showing more slides but simpler ones;

removing almost all text including nearly all bullet lists (reserving the text for the spoken narration);

using larger, higher-quality, and more important graphics and photographs;

removing all extraneous decoration, backgrounds, logos and identifications, everything but the essential message.

Mayer's ideas are claimed by Carmine Gallo to have been reflected in Steve Jobs's presentations: "Mayer outlined fundamental principles of multimedia design based on what scientists know about cognitive functioning. Steve Jobs's slides adhere to each of Mayer's principles ... ." Though not unique to Jobs, many people saw the style for the first time in Jobs's famous product introductions. Steve Jobs would have been using Apple's Keynote which was designed for Jobs's own slide shows beginning in 2003, but Gallo says that "speaking like Jobs has little to do with the type of presentation software you use (PowerPoint, Keynote,etc.) ... all the techniques apply equally to PowerPoint and Keynote." Gallo adds that "Microsoft's PowerPoint has one big advantage over Apple's Keynote presentation software-it's everywhere ... it's safe to say that the number of Keynote presentations is minuscule in comparison with PowerPoint. Although most presentation designers who are familiar with both formats prefer to work in the more elegant Keynote system, those same designers will tell you that the majority of their client work is done in PowerPoint."

Consistent with its association with Steve Jobs's keynotes, a response to this style has been that it is particularly effective for "ballroom-style presentations" (as often given in conference center ballrooms) where a celebrated and practiced speaker addresses a large passive audience, but less appropriate for "conference room-style presentations" which are often recurring internal business meetings for in-depth discussion with motivated counterparts.

Use it better

A third reaction to PowerPoint use was to conclude that the standard style is capable of being used well, but that many small points need to be executed carefully, to avoid impeding understanding. This kind of analysis is particularly associated with Stephen Kosslyn, a cognitive neuroscientist who specializes in the psychology of learning and visual communication, and who has been head of the department of psychology at Harvard, has been Director of Stanford's Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences, and has published some 300 papers and 14 books.

Specifically, we hypothesized and found that the psychological principles are often violated in PowerPoint slideshows across different fields ... , that some types of presentation flaws are noticeable and annoying to audience members ... , and that observers have difficulty identifying many violations in graphical displays in individual slides ... . These studies converge in painting the following picture: PowerPoint presentations are commonly flawed; some types of flaws are more common than others; flaws are not isolated to one domain or context; and, although some types of flaws annoy the audience, flaws at the level of slide design are not always obvious to an untrained observer ... .

The many "flaws and failures" identified were those "likely to disrupt the comprehension or memory of the material." Among the most common examples were "Bulleted items are not presented individually, growing the list from the top to the bottom," "More than four bulleted items appear in a single list," "More than two lines are used per bulleted sentence," and "Words are not large enough (i.e., greater than 20 point) to be easily seen." Among audience reactions common problems reported were "Speakers read word-for-word from notes or from the slides themselves," "The slides contained too much material to absorb before the next slide was presented," and "The main point was obscured by lots of irrelevant detail."

Kosslyn observes that these findings could help to explain why the many studies of the instructional effectiveness of PowerPoint have been inconclusive and conflicting, if there were differences in the quality of the presentations tested in different studies that went unobserved because "many may feel that 'good design' is intuitively clear."

In 2007 Kosslyn wrote a book about PowerPoint, in which he suggested a very large number of fairly modest changes to PowerPoint styles and gave advice on recommended ways of using PowerPoint. In a later second book about PowerPoint he suggested nearly 150 clarifying style changes (in fewer than 150 pages). Kosslyn summarizes:

... there's nothing fundamentally wrong with the PowerPoint program as a medium; rather, I claim that the problem lies in how it is used. ... In fact, this medium is a remarkably versatile tool that can be extraordinarily effective. ... For many purposes, PowerPoint presentations are a superior medium of communication, which is why they have become standard in so many fields.

In 2017, an online poll of social media users in the UK was reported to show that PowerPoint "remains as popular with young tech-savvy users as it is with the Baby Boomers," with about four out of five saying that "PowerPoint was a great tool for making presentations," in part because "PowerPoint, with its capacity to be highly visual, bridges the wordy world of yesterday with the visual future of tomorrow."

Also in 2017, the Managerial Communication Group of MIT Sloan School of Management polled their incoming MBA students, finding that "results underscore just how differently this generation communicates as compared with older workers." Fewer than half of respondents reported doing any meaningful, longer-form writing at work, and even that minority mostly did so very infrequently, but "85 percent of students named producing presentations as a meaningful part of their job responsibilities. Two-thirds report that they present on a daily or weekly basis-so it's no surprise that in-person presentations is the top skill they hope to improve." One of the researchers concluded: "We're not likely to see future workplaces with long-form writing. The trend is toward presentations and slides, and we don't see any sign of that slowing down."

Use of PowerPoint by the U.S. military services began slowly, because they were invested in mainframe computers, MS-DOS PCs, and specialized military-specification graphic output devices, all of which PowerPoint did not support. But because of the strong military tradition of presenting briefings, as soon as they acquired the computers needed to run it, PowerPoint became part of the U.S. military.

By 2000, ten years after PowerPoint for Windows appeared, it was already identified as an important feature of U.S. armed forces culture, in a front-page story in the Wall Street Journal:

Old-fashioned slide briefings, designed to update generals on troop movements, have been a staple of the military since World War II. But in only a few short years PowerPoint has altered the landscape. Just as word processing made it easier to produce long, meandering memos, the spread of PowerPoint has unleashed a blizzard of jazzy but often incoherent visuals. Instead of drawing up a dozen slides on a legal pad and running them over to the graphics department, captains and colonels now can create hundreds of slides in a few hours without ever leaving their desks. If the spirit moves them they can build in gunfire sound effects and images that explode like land mines. ... PowerPoint has become such an ingrained part of the defense culture that it has seeped into the military lexicon. "PowerPoint Ranger" is a derogatory term for a desk-bound bureaucrat more adept at making slides than tossing grenades.

U.S. military use of PowerPoint may have influenced its use by armed forces of other countries: "Foreign armed services also are beginning to get in on the act. 'You can't speak with the U.S. military without knowing PowerPoint,' says Margaret Hayes, an instructor at National Defense University in Washington D.C., who teaches Latin American military officers how to use the software."

After another 10 years, in 2010 (and again on its front page) the New York Times reported that PowerPoint use in the military was then "a military tool that has spun out of control":

Like an insurgency, PowerPoint has crept into the daily lives of military commanders and reached the level of near obsession. The amount of time expended on PowerPoint, the Microsoft presentation program of computer-generated charts, graphs and bullet points, has made it a running joke in the Pentagon and in Iraq and Afghanistan. ... Commanders say that behind all the PowerPoint jokes are serious concerns that the program stifles discussion, critical thinking and thoughtful decision-making. Not least, it ties up junior officers ... in the daily preparation of slides, be it for a Joint Staff meeting in Washington or for a platoon leader's pre-mission combat briefing in a remote pocket of Afghanistan.

The New York Times account went on to say that as a result some U.S. generals had banned the use of PowerPoint in their operations:

"PowerPoint makes us stupid," Gen. James N. Mattis of the Marine Corps, the Joint Forces commander, said this month at a military conference in North Carolina. (He spoke without PowerPoint.) Brig. Gen. H. R. McMaster, who banned PowerPoint presentations when he led the successful effort to secure the northern Iraqi city of Tal Afar in 2005, followed up at the same conference by likening PowerPoint to an internal threat. "It's dangerous because it can create the illusion of understanding and the illusion of control," General McMaster said in a telephone interview afterward. "Some problems in the world are not bullet-izable."

Several incidents, about the same time, gave wide currency to discussions by serving military officers describing excessive PowerPoint use and the organizational culture that encouraged it. In response to the New York Times story, Peter Norvig and Stephen M. Kosslyn sent a joint letter to the editor stressing the institutional culture of the military: "... many military personnel bemoan the overuse and misuse of PowerPoint. ... The problem is not in the tool itself, but in the way that people use it-which is partly a result of how institutions promote misuse.

The two generals who had been mentioned in 2010 as opposing the institutional culture of excessive PowerPoint use were both in the news again in 2017, when James N. Mattis became U.S. Secretary of Defense, and H. R. McMaster was appointed as U.S. National Security Advisor.

Musician David Byrne has been using PowerPoint as a medium for art for years, producing a book and DVD and showing at galleries his PowerPoint-based artwork. Byrne has written: "I have been working with PowerPoint, the ubiquitous presentation software, as an art medium for a number of years. It started off as a joke (this software is a symbol of corporate salesmanship, or lack thereof) but then the work took on a life of its own as I realized I could create pieces that were moving, despite the limitations of the 'medium.'"

The expressions "PowerPoint Art" or " pptArt" are used to define a contemporary Italian artistic movement which believes that the corporate world can be a unique and exceptional source of inspiration for the artist. They say: "The pptArt name refers to PowerPoint, the symbolic and abstract language developed by the corporate world which has become a universal and highly symbolic communication system beyond cultures and borders."

The wide use of PowerPoint had, by 2010, given rise to " ... a subculture of PowerPoint enthusiasts [that] is teaching the old application new tricks, and may even be turning a dry presentation format into a full-fledged artistic medium," by using PowerPoint animation to create "games, artworks, anime, and movies."

PowerPoint Viewer is the name for a series of small free application programs to be used on computers without PowerPoint installed, to view, project, or print (but not create or edit) presentations.

The first version was introduced with PowerPoint 3.0 in 1992, to enable electronic presentations to be projected using conference-room computers and to be freely distributed; on Windows, it took advantage of the new feature of embedding TrueType fonts within PowerPoint presentation files to make such distribution easier. The same kind of viewer app was shipped with PowerPoint 3.0 for Macintosh, also in 1992.

The latest version that runs on Windows "was created in conjunction with PowerPoint 2010, but it can also be used to view newer presentations created in PowerPoint 2013 and PowerPoint 2016. ... All transitions, videos and effects appear and behave the same when viewed using PowerPoint Viewer as they do when viewed in PowerPoint 2010." It supports presentations created using PowerPoint 97 and later. The latest version that runs on Macintosh is PowerPoint 98 Viewer for the Classic Mac OS and Classic Environment, for Macs supporting System 7.5 to Mac OS X Tiger (10.4). It can open presentations only from PowerPoint 3.0, 4.0, and 8.0 (PowerPoint 98), although presentations created on Mac can be opened in PowerPoint Viewer on Windows.

As of May 2018, the last versions of PowerPoint Viewer for all platforms have been retired by Microsoft; they are no longer available for download and no longer receive security updates. The final PowerPoint Viewer for Windows (2010) and the final PowerPoint Viewer for Classic Mac OS (1998) are available only from archives. The recommended replacements for PowerPoint Viewer: "On Windows 10 PCs, download the free ... PowerPoint Mobile application from the Windows Store," and "On Windows 7 or Windows 8/8.1 PCs, upload the file to OneDrive and view it for free using ... PowerPoint Online."

Legend:

Old version, not maintained

Older version, still maintained

Current stable version

Latest preview version

PowerPoint 1.0

For Macintosh: April 1987

"It produced overhead transparencies on a black-and-white Macintosh for laser printing. Presenters could now directly control their own overheads and would no longer have to work through the person with the typewriter. PowerPoint handled the task of making the overheads all look alike; one change reformats them all. Typographic fonts were better than an Orator typeball, and charts and diagrams could be imported from MacDraw, MacPaint, and Excel, thanks to the new Mac clipboard."

System requirements: (Mac) Original Macintosh or better, System 1.0 or higher, 512K RAM.

PowerPoint 3.0

Part of Microsoft Office for Windows 3.0 and Microsoft Office for Mac 3.0. Innovations included: the first application designed exclusively for the new Windows 3.1 platform, full support for TrueType fonts (new in Windows 3.1), presentation templates, editing in outline view, new drawing, including freeform tool, autoshapes, flip, rotate, scale, align, and transforming imported pictures into their drawing primitives to make them editable, transitions between slides in slide show, progressive builds, incorporating sound and video. Animations included "flying bullets" where bullet points "flew" into the slide one by one, and some degree of Pen Computing support was included.

"It added video-out to feed the new video projectors, with effects that could replace a bank of synchronized slide projectors. This version added fades, dissolves, and other transitions, as well as animation of text and pictures, and could incorporate video clips with synchronized audio."

System requirements: (Windows) 286 PC or higher, Windows 3.1, 2 MB RAM. (Mac) Macintosh Plus or better, System 7 or higher, 4 MB RAM.

PowerPoint 4.0

Introduced a standard "Microsoft Office" look and feel (shared with Word and Excel), with status bar, toolbars, tooltips. Full OLE 2.0 with in-place activation.

System requirements: (Windows) 386 PC or higher, Windows 3.1, 8 MB RAM. (Mac) 68020 Mac or better, System 7 or higher, 8 MB RAM.

PowerPoint 7.0

For Windows: July 1995

Part of Microsoft Office for Windows 95. Innovations included: new animation effects, real curves and textures, black and white view, autocorrect, insert symbol, meeting support features such as "Meeting Minder."

"A complete rewrite of the product from the ground up in C++, full object model with internal VBA programmability."

System requirements: (Windows) 386 DX PC or higher, Windows 95, 6 MB RAM.

PowerPoint 11.0

For Windows: October 2003; for Mac: June 2004; for Mobile: May 2005

Part of Microsoft Office for Windows 2003 and Microsoft Office for Mac 2004. Innovations included: tools visible to presenter during slide show (notes, thumbnails, time clock, re-order and edit slides), "Package for CD" to write presentation and viewer app to CD. "Microsoft Producer for PowerPoint 2003" was a free plug-in from Microsoft, using a video camera, "that creates Web page presentations, with talking head narration, coordinated and timed to your existing PowerPoint presentation" for delivery over the web. The Genigraphics software to send a presentation for imaging as 35mm slides was removed from this version.

PowerPoint 12.0

For Windows: January 2007; for Mobile: September 2007; for Mac: January 2008

A major change in PowerPoint 2007 was from a binary file format, used from 1997 to 2003, to a new XML file format which evolved over further versions.

PowerPoint 15.0

For Web: October 2012; for Mobile: November 2012; for Windows RT: November 2012; for Windows: January 2013; for iPhone: June 2013; for Android: July 2013; for Web: February 2014; for iPad: March 2014; for iOS: November 2014; for Mac: July 2015

Part of Microsoft Office for Windows 2013 and Microsoft Office for Mac 2016. Innovations included: Change default slide shape to 16:9 aspect ratio, online collaboration by multiple authors, user interface redesigned for multi-touch screens, improved audio, video, animations, and transitions, further changes to Presenter View. Clipart collections (and insertion tool) were removed, but available online.

PowerPoint 16.0

For Android: June 2015; for Mobile: July 2015; for iOS: July 2015; for Windows: September 2015; and Windows Store: January 2018

Part of Microsoft Office for Windows 2016. Innovations included: "Tell me" to search for program controls, "PowerPoint Designer" pane, Morph transition, real-time collaboration, "Zoom" to slides or sections in slideshow, and "Presentation Translator" for real-time translation of a presenter's spoken words to on-screen captions in any of 60+ languages, with the system analyzing the text of the PowerPoint presentation as context to increase the accuracy and relevance of the translations.

System requirements: (Windows) 1 GHz processor or faster, x86- or x64-bit processor with SSE2 instruction set, Windows 7 with SP 1 or later, 2 GB RAM.

Early versions of PowerPoint, from 1987 through 1995 (versions 1.0 through 7.0), evolved through a sequence of binary file formats, different in each version, as functionality was added. This set of formats were never documented, but an open-source libmwaw (used by LibreOffice) exists to read them.

A stable binary format (called a .ppt file, like all earlier binary formats) that was shared as the default in PowerPoint 97 through PowerPoint 2003 for Windows, and in PowerPoint 98 through PowerPoint 2004 for Mac (that is, in PowerPoint versions 8.0 through 11.0) was finally created. It was based on the Compound File Binary Format. The specification document is actively maintained and can be freely downloaded, because, although no longer the default, that binary format can be read and written by some later versions of PowerPoint, including the current PowerPoint 2016. After the stable binary format was adopted, versions of PowerPoint continued to be able to read and write differing file formats from earlier versions. But beginning with PowerPoint 2007 and PowerPoint 2008 for Mac (PowerPoint version 12.0), this was the only binary format available for saving; PowerPoint 2007 (version 12.0) no longer supported saving to binary file formats used earlier than PowerPoint 97 (version 8.0), ten years before.

The ".pps" and ".ppsx" file extensions are technically the same as ".ppt" and ".pptx", except they are launched as presentation instead of for editing by default.

.ppt, PowerPoint 97-2003 binary presentation

.pps, PowerPoint 97-2003 binary slide show

.pot, PowerPoint 97-2003 binary template

.ppt, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint

.pps, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint

.pot, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint

The big change in PowerPoint 2007 and PowerPoint 2008 for Mac (PowerPoint version 12.0) was that the stable binary file format of 97-2003 was replaced as the default by a new zipped XML-based Office Open XML format (.pptx files). Microsoft's explanation of the benefits of the change included: smaller file sizes, up to 75% smaller than comparable binary documents; security, through being able to identify and exclude executable macros and personal data; less chance to be corrupted than binary formats; and easier interoperability for exchanging data among Microsoft and other business applications, all while maintaining backward compatibility.

.pptx, PowerPoint 2007 XML presentation

.pptm, PowerPoint 2007 XML macro-enabled presentation

.ppsx, PowerPoint 2007 XML slide show

.ppsm, PowerPoint 2007 XML macro-enabled slide show

.ppam, PowerPoint 2007 XML add-in

.potx, PowerPoint 2007 XML template

.potm, PowerPoint 2007 XML macro-enabled template

.pptx, application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation

.pptm, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.presentation.macroEnabled.12

.ppsx, application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.slideshow

.ppsm, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.slideshow.macroEnabled.12

.ppam, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.addin.macroEnabled.12

.potx, application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.template

.potm, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.template.macroEnabled.12

The specification for the new format was published as an open standard, ECMA-376, through Ecma International Technical Committee 45 (TC45). The Ecma 376 standard was approved in December 2006, and was submitted for standardization through ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 34 WG4 in early 2007. The standardization process was contentious. It was approved as ISO/IEC 29500 in early 2008. Copies of the ISO/IEC standard specification are freely available, in two parts. These define two related standards known as "Transitional" and "Strict." The two standards were progressively adopted by PowerPoint: PowerPoint version 12.0 (2007, 2008 for Mac) could read and write Transitional format, but could neither read nor write Strict format. PowerPoint version 14.0 (2010, 2011 for Mac) could read and write Transitional, and also read but not write Strict. PowerPoint version 15.0 and later (beginning 2013, 2016 for Mac) can read and write both Transitional and Strict formats. The reason for the two variants was explained by Microsoft:

... the participants in the ISO/IEC standardization process recognized two objectives with competing requirements. The first objective was for the Open XML standard to provide an XML-based file format that could fully support conversion of the billions of existing Office documents without any loss of features, content, text, layout, or other information, including embedded data. The second was to specify a file format that did not rely on Microsoft-specific data types. They created two variants of Open XML-Transitional, which supports previously-defined Microsoft-specific data types, and Strict, which does not rely on them. Prior versions of Office [that is, 2007] have supported reading and writing Transitional Open XML, and Office 2010 can read Strict Open XML documents. With the addition of write support for Strict Open XML, Office 2013 provides full support for both variants of Open XML.

The PowerPoint .pptx file format (called " PresentationML" for Presentation Markup Language) contains separate structures for all the complex parts of a PowerPoint presentation. The specification documents run to over six thousand pages. Because of the widespread use of PowerPoint, the standardized file formats are considered important for the long-term access to digital documents in library collections and archives, according to the U.S. Library of Congress.

PowerPoint 2013 and PowerPoint 2016 provide options to set default saving to ISO/IEC 29500 Strict format, but the initial default setting remains Transitional, for compatibility with legacy features incorporating binary data in existing documents. PowerPoint 2013 or PowerPoint 2016 will both open and save files in the former binary format (.ppt), for compatibility with older versions of the program (but not versions older than PowerPoint 97). In saving to older formats, these versions of PowerPoint will check to assure that no features have been introduced into the presentation which are incompatible with the older formats.

PowerPoint 2013 and 2016 will also save a presentation in many other file formats, including PDF format, MPEG-4 or WMV video, as a sequence of single-picture files (using image formats including GIF, JPEG, PNG, TIFF, and some older formats), and as a single presentation file in which all slides are replaced with pictures. PowerPoint will both open and save files in OpenDocument Presentation format (ODP) for compatibility.

1. ^ Microsoft Corp. (2017). "Language Accessory Pack for Office". Archived from the original on August 28, 2017.

2. ^ Thielsch, Meinald T.; Perabo, Isabel (May 2012). "Use and Evaluation of Presentation Software" (PDF). Technical Communication. 59 (2): 112-123. ISSN 0049-3155. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 9, 2016. For many years, Microsoft has led the market with its program PowerPoint. Zongker and Salesin (2003) estimated a market share of 95% in 2003, and a Forrester study (Montalbano, 2009) widely confirmed this number, stating that only 8% of enterprise customers use alternative products.

3. ^ Gomes, Lee (June 20, 2007). "PowerPoint Turns 20, As Its Creators Ponder A Dark Side to Success". Portals. Wall Street Journal. Vol. CCXLIX, no. 143 (US ed.). p. B1. ISSN 0099-9660. Archived from the original on August 22, 2017. PowerPoint's two creators ... Robert Gaskins was the visionary entrepreneur ... with major programming done by Dennis Austin, an old chum ... .

4. ^ Brock, David C. (October 31, 2017). "The Improbable Origins of PowerPoint". History. IEEE Spectrum (published November 2, 2017). 54 (11): 42-49. doi:10.1109/MSPEC.2017.8093800. ISSN 0018-9235. S2CID 27013411. Archived from the original on November 2, 2017. PowerPoint was not at all in their original plan. ... [the founders] Pohlman and Campbell's idea was to bring a graphical-software environment like the Xerox Alto's to the hugely popular but graphically challenged [IBM] PC. ... Rather than liquidate the firm, management and investors decided to "restart" Forethought ... .

5. ^ Brock, David C. (October 31, 2017). "The Improbable Origins of PowerPoint". History. IEEE Spectrum (published November 2, 2017). 54 (11): 42-49. doi:10.1109/MSPEC.2017.8093800. ISSN 0018-9235. S2CID 27013411. Archived from the original on November 2, 2017. ... Forethought began to develop a software product of its own. This new effort was the brainchild of Robert Gaskins, an accomplished computer scientist who'd been hired to lead Forethought's product development.

6. ^ Gaskins, Robert (August 13, 2012). "PowerPoint at 25: Conversation with Robert Gaskins" (Interview). Interviewed by Geetesh Bajaj. Archived from the original on April 4, 2015.

7. A transcript of the relevant section is also available.

8. ^ Carroll, Paul B. (March 6, 1987). "New Software Simplifies Show and Tell". Technology. Wall Street Journal. p. 33. ISSN 0099-9660. Archived from the original on August 21, 2017.

9. 1634-1699: McCusker, J. J. (1997). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1700-1799: McCusker, J. J. (1992). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1800-present: Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. "Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800-".

10. ^ Gaskins, Robert (December 2007). "PowerPoint at 20: Back to Basics". Viewpoint. Communications of the ACM. 50 (12): 15-17. doi:10.1145/1323688.1323710. ISSN 0001-0782. S2CID 48306. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 7, 2016. The first three versions are described in the sidebar, "Presentation Formats and PowerPoint," p. 17.

11. ^ Ziff Davis Market Intelligence (September 1998). "The 800-Pound Gorilla of the Presentation Market". Mobile Computing and Communications [later, Mobile Office]. 9 (9): 95. ISSN 1047-1952. Archived from the original on October 1, 2015. ... in 1997, without question the market leader was Microsoft Corp.'s PowerPoint, which sold more than 4 million copies and controls 85 percent of the market. Additional archives: August 26, 2017.

12. ^ Belleville, Catherine; Peterson, Lucy; Somogyi, Aniko (April 1997). "PowerPoint: The First Ten Years" (PDF). PowerPoint History Documents. pp. 2, 8. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 7, 2016.

13. ^ Thielsch, Meinald T.; Perabo, Isabel (May 2012). "Use and Evaluation of Presentation Software" (PDF). Technical Communication. 59 (2): 112-123. ISSN 0049-3155. Archived (PDF) from the original on September 22, 2015. For many years, Microsoft has led the market with its program PowerPoint. Zongker and Salesin (2003) estimated a market share of 95% in 2003, and a Forrester study (Montalbano, 2009) widely confirmed this number, stating that only 8% of enterprise customers use alternative products. ... we confirm the prior estimates ... . Embedded citations: (1) Zongker, Douglas E.; Salesin, David H. (2003). "On Creating Animated Presentations" (PDF). SCA '03 Symposium on Computer Animation 2003. Eurographics/SIGGRAPH Symposium on Computer Animation, San Diego, CA, July 26-27, 2003. Aire-la-Ville, Switzerland: Eurographics Association. pp. 298-308. ISBN 978-1-58113-659-3. Archived (PDF) from the original on September 22, 2015. (2)

14. Gaskins, Robert (December 2007). "PowerPoint at 20: Back to Basics". Viewpoint. Communications of the ACM. 50 (12): 15-17. doi:10.1145/1323688.1323710. ISSN 0001-0782. S2CID 48306. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 7, 2016. The first three versions are described in the sidebar, "Presentation Formats and PowerPoint," p. 17.

15. ^ Use PowerPoint Mobile. Microsoft. Retrieved September 14, 2007.

16. ^ Ziff Davis Market Intelligence (September 1998). "The 800-Pound Gorilla of the Presentation Market". Mobile Computing and Communications [later, Mobile Office]. 9 (9): 95. ISSN 1047-1952. Archived from the original on October 1, 2015. ... in 1997, without question the market leader was Microsoft Corp.'s PowerPoint, which sold more than 4 million copies and controls 85 percent of the market. Additional archives: August 26, 2017.

17. ^ Gaskins, Robert (October 2016). "The Man Who Invented PowerPoint". Bento (Interview) (7). Interviewed by Clay Chandler. Hult International Business School. Archived from the original on September 22, 2017. PowerPoint succeeded so quickly because it spread rapidly by viral transmission from user to user ... every time early adopters used our product effectively, they demonstrated its value to other potential customers. PowerPoint made it especially easy for colleagues within the same company to share materials and incorporate one another's slides into their presentations with automatic formatting. This created networks of cooperation that benefited everyone.

18. ^ Gerstner, Louis V., Jr. (2002). Who Says Elephants Can't Dance? Inside IBM's Historic Turnaround. HarperCollins. p. 43. ISBN 978-0060523794. [Gerstner:] By that afternoon an email about my hitting the Off button on the overhead projector was crisscrossing the world. Talk about consternation! It was as if the President of the United States had banned the use of English at White House meetings.

19. ^ Rae-Dupree, Janet, ed. (January 27, 1997). "Sun Microsystems' Chief: A Mission Against 'Dark Side' (Q & A With Scott McNealy)". Business Monday. San Jose Mercury News (Morning Final ed.). p. 8E. ISSN 0747-2099. Archived from the original on September 23, 2017. [McNealy:] ' ... we've had three unbelievable record-breaking fiscal quarters since we banned PowerPoint. Now, I would argue that every company in the world, if they would just ban PowerPoint, would see their earnings skyrocket. Employees would stand around going, "What do I do? Guess I've got to go to work."' Additional archives: September 23, 2017.

20. ^ Isaacson, Walter (2011). . Simon and Schuster. p. 337. ISBN 978-1-4516-4853-9. [Jobs:] 'People would confront a problem by creating a presentation. I wanted them to engage, to hash things out at the table, rather than show a bunch of slides. People who know what they're talking about don't need PowerPoint.'

21. ^ Gold, Rich (2002) [Syposium paper 1999]. "Chapter 14: Reading PowerPoint" (PDF). In Allen, Nancy (ed.). Working with Words and Images: New Steps in an Old Dance. New Directions in Computers and Composition Studies. Westport, Conn.: Ablex Publishing. pp. 256-270. ISBN 978-1-56750-608-2. Archived (PDF) from the original on September 23, 2017.

22. ^ Robles-Anderson, Erica; Svensson, Patrik (January 15, 2016). "'One Damn Slide After Another': PowerPoint at Every Occasion for Speech". Computational Culture. 1 (5). ISSN 2047-2390. Archived from the original on September 6, 2017.

23. ^ Levasseur, David G.; Sawyer, J. Kanan (August 19, 2006). "Pedagogy Meets PowerPoint: A Research Review of the Effects of Computer-Generated Slides in the Classroom". Review of Communication. 6 (1-2): 101-123. doi:10.1080/15358590600763383. ISSN 1535-8593. S2CID 144022054. Higher education has certainly not been immune from the growing influence of presentation software. ... Five years ago, none of our department's classrooms were equipped to show multimedia slides. At present, all of our classrooms have been upgraded with such technology, and faculty are actively encouraged to incorporate slides into their lectures. Our institution is certainly not alone in this trend. A large number of educators in the United States use PowerPoint in their classrooms ... [with 84 references to earlier studies].

24. ^ Bortman, Henry (October 13, 2005). "Making a List, Checking It Twice". Astrobiology Magazine. NASA. ISSN 2152-1239. Archived from the original on September 23, 2017. ... They're mounted in the helmet so that when you turn and look, there's this little screen that shows the checklist. Now in this case, I've written the checklists and put them in PowerPoint, so we just launch a PowerPoint slide show. ... It's a real treat to use.

25. ^ Jaffe, Greg (April 26, 2000). "What's Your Point, Lieutenant? Please, Just Cut to the Pie Charts". A-Hed. Wall Street Journal (US ed.). p. A1. ISSN 0099-9660. Archived from the original on September 18, 2017. Old-fashioned slide briefings, designed to update generals on troop movements, have been a staple of the military since World War II. But in only a few short years PowerPoint has altered the landscape.

26. ^ Pece, Gregory S. (May 10, 2005). The PowerPoint Society: The Influence of PowerPoint in the U.S. Government and Bureaucracy (M.A. Thesis). Blacksburg, Virginia: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. hdl:10919/33029. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 25, 2015. The standard method for presenting information in the military and political establishments of the US government is through the projection of data in bullet style and/or graphical formats onto an illuminated screen, using some sort of first analogue, or now, digital media. Since the late 1990s, the most common and expected form of presentation is via the most commonly pre-installed software of presentation genre: Microsoft PowerPoint. This style of presentation has become the norm of communication ... .

27. ^ Stark, David; Paravel, Verena (February 2007). PowerPoint Demonstrations: Digital Technologies of Persuasion (Working Paper 07-04) (Report). Institute for Social and Economic Research and Policy, Columbia University. Archived from the original on September 28, 2015.

28. ^ Columbia Accident Investigation Board; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (2003). "7. The Accident's Organizational Causes" (PDF). Report Volume I. p. 191. ISBN 978-0-16-067904-9. Archived (PDF) from the original on December 2, 2016. At many points during its investigation, the Board was surprised to receive similar presentation slides from NASA officials in place of technical reports. The Board views the endemic use of PowerPoint briefing slides instead of technical papers as an illustration of the problematic methods of technical communication at NASA.

29. ^ Farkas, David K. (2006). "Toward a better understanding of PowerPoint deck design" (PDF). Information Design Journal. 14 (2): 162-171. doi:10.1075/idj.14.2.08far. ISSN 0142-5471. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 30, 2013.

30. ^ Kaplan, Sarah (2011). "Strategy and PowerPoint: An Inquiry into the Epistemic Culture and Machinery of Strategy Making". Organization Science. 22 (2): 320-346. doi:10.1287/orsc.1100.0531. ISSN 1047-7039.

31. ^ Kernbach, Sebastian; Bresciani, Sabrina (July 16-18, 2013). "10 Years after Tufte's "Cognitive Style of Power Point": Synthesizing its Constraining Qualities". 10 Years after Tufte's "Cognitive Style of PowerPoint": Synthesizing its Constraining Qualities. Information Visualisation (IV), 2013 17th International Conference. London: IEEE. pp. 345-350. doi:10.1109/IV.2013.44. ISBN 978-1-4799-0834-9. Archived from the original on April 28, 2015.

32. ^ Zuckerman, Laurence (April 17, 1999). "Words Go Right to the Brain, But Can They Stir the Heart?; Some Say Popular Software Debases Public Speaking". New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331.

33. ^ Feith, David (July 31, 2009). "Speaking Truth to PowerPoint". Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Archived from the original on June 21, 2015.

34. ^ Kernbach, Sebastian; Bresciani, Sabrina (July 16-18, 2013). "10 Years after Tufte's "Cognitive Style of Power Point": Synthesizing its Constraining Qualities". 10 Years after Tufte's "Cognitive Style of PowerPoint": Synthesizing its Constraining Qualities. Information Visualisation (IV), 2013 17th International Conference. London: IEEE. pp. 345-350. doi:10.1109/IV.2013.44. ISBN 978-1-4799-0834-9. Archived from the original on April 28, 2015. Because every day a huge number of people meet to exchange ideas and make decisions with PowerPoint slides being displayed on the wall, investigating the tool is enormously important ... . Despite the pervasiveness of PowerPoint in our culture there have been few empirical studies and most of the non-empirical work is based on casual essays and informal anecdotal reviews which very often take a polemic and overall negative position on PowerPoint, rather than conducting formal scholarship. This lack of rigorous studies and empirical research is surprising given the enormous complexity and importance of the PowerPoint tool.

35. ^ Tufte, Edward (2006) [1st ed. 2003, 24 pg.]. The Cognitive Style of PowerPoint: Pitching Out Corrupts Within (2nd ed.). Cheshire, Connecticut: Graphics Press LLC. pp. 4, 15. ISBN 978-0-9613921-6-1. very little information per slide ... the text is grossly impoverished .. the PowerPoint slide typically shows 40 words ... .

36. ^ Atkinson, Cliff; Mayer, Richard E. (April 23, 2004). "Five ways to reduce PowerPoint overload" (PDF). ResearchGate. Revision 1.1. Archived from the original on June 17, 2015. ... it is conventional wisdom to put no more than six lines of text on a PowerPoint slide, six words per line. But that convention is no longer wise in the light of research that shows that even that amount of text on a slide can be a recipe for information overload.

37. ^ Gabrielle, Bruce R. (2010). Speaking PowerPoint: The New Language of Business. Insights Publishing. pp. 16-17. ISBN 978-0-9842360-4-6.

38. ^ Burn-Callander, Rebecca (April 24, 2017). "Your attention, please, for the software we love to hate: PowerPoint celebrates its 30th birthday". Business. The Daily Telegraph. ISSN 0307-1235. Archived from the original on July 10, 2017. ... with new research showing that it remains as popular with young tech-savvy users as it is with the Baby Boomers. An online poll by YouGov showed that 81 per cent of UK Snapchat users agreed that PowerPoint was a great tool for making presentations. ... long -form prose has become increasingly unpopular with modern users. PowerPoint, with its capacity to be highly visual, bridges the wordy world of yesterday with the visual future of tomorrow.

39. ^ Gaskins, Robert (2012). Sweating Bullets: Notes about Inventing PowerPoint. Vinland Books. pp. 428-433. ISBN 978-0-9851424-0-7. Archived (PDF) from the original on June 24, 2017. PowerPoint got off to a very slow start in infiltrating the military forces of the world ... .

40. ^ Gole, Henry G. (1999). "Leadership in Literature". Parameters. 29 (3): 134-150. ISSN 0031-1723. Archived from the original on September 18, 2017. In the 1990s, the outward signs of form over substance are field grade officers grinding out slick PowerPoint briefing charts ... .

41. Jaffe, Greg (April 26, 2000). "What's Your Point, Lieutenant? Please, Just Cut to the Pie Charts". A-Hed. Wall Street Journal (US ed.). p. A1. ISSN 0099-9660. Archived from the original on September 18, 2017.

42. ^ Sellin, Lawrence (September 2, 2010). "The PowerPoint rant that got a colonel fired". . ISSN 0004-2595. Archived from the original on January 17, 2013. Additional archives: May 24, 2015.

43. ^ Norvig, Peter; Kosslyn, Stephen M. (April 29, 2010). "A Tool Only as Good as the User". Letters to the Editor. New York Times (New York ed.). p. A24. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on May 3, 2010.

44. Report of Seybold conference in late September 1987 where Microsoft introduced relabeled PowerPoint. ^ Macworld magazine carried its first Microsoft advertisement for PowerPoint in its November 1987 issue, with the initial subhead "Introducing Microsoft PowerPoint."

45. Mendelson, Edward (June 14, 2010). "Microsoft Office Web Apps". PC Magazine. Ziff Davis. ISSN 0888-8507. Archived from the original on May 10, 2015.

46. Austin, Dennis (2001). "PowerPoint Version Timeline (to PowerPoint 7.0, 1995)" (PDF). GBU Wizards of Menlo Park. Archived from the original on August 6, 2017.

47. Additional archives: March 24, 2016.

48. ^ "System-Declared Uniform Type Identifiers". developer.apple.com. Apple. November 17, 2009. Archived from the original on July 24, 2008.

49. ^ Magee, Liam; Thom, James A. (2014). "What's in a Word™? When one electronic document format standard is not enough [pre-print]" (PDF). Information Technology & People. 27 (4): 482-511. doi:10.1108/ITP-09-2012-0096. ISSN 0959-3845. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 13, 2017. The case of the standardisation of two ISO electronic document formats, the OpenDocument Format (ODF) and Office Open XML (OOXML) ... In this case, the attempt to design a de jure standard in fact produced even greater entrenchment of the existing de facto standard it was designed to replace.

Reuss, Elke I.; Signer, Beat; Norrie, Moira C. (2008). "PowerPoint Multimedia Presentations in Computer Science Education: What do Users Need?". Proceedings of the 4th Symposium on Usability & HCI for Education and Work (USAB 2008). Graz, Austria. pp. 281-298.

Lowenthal, Patrick R. (2009). "Improving the Design of PowerPoint Presentations" (PDF). In Lowenthal, Patrick R.; Thomas, David; Thai, Anna; Yuhnke, Brian (eds.). The CU Online Handbook 2009. University of Colorado Denver. pp. 61-66.

Kalyuga, Slava; Chandler, Paul; Sweller, John (2004). "When Redundant On-Screen Text in Multimedia Technical Instruction Can Interfere With Learning". Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. 46 (3): 567-581. doi:10.1518/hfes.46.3.567.50405. PMID 15573552. S2CID 6992108.
Also available at: [2] (Feb 2015).

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Initial release May 22, 1990; 32 years ago Office 365 2107 (Beta Channel) (16.0.13901.20462) / June 8, 2021; 13 months ago One-time purchase 2021 / October 5, 2021; 9 months ago [1] Available in 102 languages[2] Afrikaans, Albanian, Amharic, Arabic, Armenian, Assamese, Azerbaijani (Latin), Bangla (Bangladesh), Bangla (Bengali India), Basque,

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Microsoft Publisher (anteriormente Microsoft Office Publisher) es la aplicación de maquetación de Microsoft. A menudo es considerado como un programa para principiantes o de "nivel de entrada" (entry level), que difiere del procesador de textos Microsoft Word en que se hace hincapié en el diseño de páginas, más que en el proceso y corrección de textos.

Microsoft Publisher es un programa que provee un historial simple de edición similar al de su producto hermano Word, pero a diferencia de éste no proporciona una posibilidad integrada.

Ayuda a crear, personalizar y compartir con facilidad una amplia variedad de publicaciones y material de marketing. Incluye una variedad de plantillas, instaladas y descargables desde su sitio web. Permite generar desde folletos informativos hasta tarjetas personalizadas.

Publisher tiene una cuota de mercado reducido, en un segmento claramente dominado por Adobe InDesign, QuarkXPress y Corel Draw.​Esto se debe a que este editor esta enfocado como una alternativa de bajo costo a otros "pesos pesados" de la industria; para pequeñas empresas, las cuales usualmente no disponen de profesionales específicamente dedicados al diseño y maquetación de páginas y documentos. ​.​

Además, su posición como una aplicación de "nivel de entrada" agrava algunas de su limitaciones , como las tipografías no disponibles y la imposibilidad de mostrar objetos incrustados ( object embedding) en otras computadoras. No obstante, Publisher proporciona herramientas para empaquetar múltiples archivos en un único archivo auto-extraíble y así lidiar con este problema. Algunas típicas características de una aplicación de alto nivel de este tipo, como las transparencias, el sombreado de objetos y la exportación directa a formato PDF no son funcionales o directamente no están soportadas en versiones anteriores a 365.

Sin embargo, las versiones recientes del producto tienen una mayor capacidad en relación con la separación y el procesamiento de varios (niveles de) colores. Microsoft Publisher 2007 también incluye la capacidad para la exportación de archivos en formato PDF, con la posibilidad de incluir o incrustar ( embed) las propias fuentes tipográficas dentro de ellos garantizando así su fiel reproducción en computadoras que no tienen instaladas muchas tipografías. No obstante, esta característica está disponible como una descarga adicional desde el sitio de Microsoft.

Publisher tiene un formato propietario con extensión PUB. Coreldraw X4 y LibreOffice son capaces de leer PUB en modo solamente lectura. Adobe PageMaker tiene un formato propio que con la misma extensión PUB pero este es completamente diferente al de Publisher.

Publisher está incluido entre la gama alta de los programas de Microsoft Office.

1991 Microsoft Publisher 1.0, para Windows.

1993 Microsoft Publisher 2.0, para Windows.

1995 Microsoft Publisher 3.0, también conocido como "El editor para Windows 95".

1996 Microsoft Publisher 97 (Windows 95).

1998 Microsoft Publisher 98 (Windows 95 y superior), incluido en el SDK de Office 97.

1999 Microsoft Publisher 2000 (Windows 95 y superior), incluido en las versiones Small Business, Professional, Premium y Desarrolladores de Office 2000.

2001 Microsoft Publisher 2002 (Windows 98 y superior), incluido en Office XP Professional, así como en una versión especial llamada justamente Professional Special Edition.

2003 Microsoft Office Publisher 2003 (Windows 2000 SP3 y superior), incluido en las versiones Small Business, Professional y Enterprise Professional.

2007 Microsoft Office Publisher 2007 (Windows XP SP2 y superior), incluido en las versiones Pequeñas y Medianas Empresas, Profesionales y Comercios, Professional Plus y Ultimate.

2010 Microsoft Office Publisher 2010 (Windows XP SP3 y superior), incluido en las versiones Home Edition, Professional Edition y Enterprise.

2013 Microsoft Office Publisher 2013 (Windows 7 SP1 y superior), incluido en las versiones Home Premium, Professional, Office 365 (en sus dos versiones) y en compra individual del Programa desde: http://office.microsoft.com/es-es/buy/comprar-microsoft-office-2013-y-suscripciones-de-office-365-FX102886268.aspx

2016 Microsoft Office Publisher 2016 (Windows 7 SP1 y superior), incluido en las versiones Standard (licencia por volumen), Professional, Professional Plus, y Office 365 (en sus dos versiones).

2019 Microsoft Office Publisher 2019 (Windows 10 y superior), incluido en las versiones Standard (licencia por volumen), Professional, Professional Plus, y Office 365 (en sus dos versiones).

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Microsoft Publisher - Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Microsoft Publisher (anteriormente Microsoft Office Publisher) es la aplicación de maquetación de Microsoft. A menudo es considerado como un programa para principiantes o de "nivel de entrada" (entry level), que difiere del procesador de textos Microsoft Word en que se hace hincapié en el diseño de páginas, más que en el proceso y corrección de textos.