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History Brief: The Impact of the 13th Amendment

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The 13th Amendment would prove to be an important part of United States history, not only affecting the future of further generations, but as well as the times in which it was enacted, providing for the spark of the Civil War. Prior to the 13th Amendment, all legislation regarding slavery related to its protection as an accepted practice. As a country, the United States had stopped importing slaves, but on the domestic front, little was done to abolish the practice of slavery.
http://constitution.laws.com/american-history/constitution/constitutional-amendments/thirteenth-amendment

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On January 31, 1865, the amendment passed in the U.S. House of Representatives by a vote of 119 to 56, seven votes above the necessary two-thirds majority. Several Democrats abstained, but the 13th Amendment was sent to the states for ratification, which came on December 6, 1865. With the passage of the amendment, the “peculiar institution” that had indelibly shaped American history was eradicated.
http://www.history.com/topics/black-history/thirteenth-amendment

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Some of you have gone through much trouble to be here today. Some have just come from small jail cells. Some have come after being beaten by cruel police. Know that suffering makes one stronger. Go back to Mississippi. Go back to Alabama. Go back to South Carolina. Go back to Georgia. Go back to Louisiana. Go back to the poor areas of our northern cities. Know that somehow this world will be changed. Let us rise from the low place of sadness.
https://newsela.com/articles/speeches-mlk-dream/id/18159/

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"After the 1870s, particularly in the southern states, there was an effort to restrict any kind of political power for African Americans," Pretzer says. In the immediate post-Civil-War era, voting rights were accorded to African Americans in the south. Thousands registered. They voted and ran for office. "There was great concern on the part of the white power structure that this was a revolution in their lives."

http://www.tweentribune.com/article/tween56/recalling-era-when-color-your-skin-meant-you-paid-vote/

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“Five score years ago, a great American president, in whose symbolic shadow we stand today, signed the Emancipation Proclamation. This remarkable decree came as a great light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been burned by the flames of injustice. It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of slavery.”

“But 100 years later, the Negro still is not free. One hundred years later, the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by handcuffs of segregation and the chains of discrimination. One hundred years later, the Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty surrounded by a vast ocean of material wealth. One hundred years later, the Negro is still wasting away in the corners of American society and finds himself an exile in his own land.”

https://newsela.com/articles/speeches-mlk-dream/id/18161/

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“Section 1. Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.

“Section 2. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.”

http://constitution.laws.com/13th-amendment