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The US and Australian navies had deployed multiple large warships, the USS Chicago and the HMS Canberra to Sydney Harbour. At the time this was a key target for the Japanese Military who sent  3 midget submarines to Sydney Harbour with the intent of destroying them. The Japanese submarines never made it to the warships and were all eventually found out. 2 of the submarines crew committed suicide and self-destructed the submarines. 1 of the submarines managed to sink a small ship, the HMS Kuttabul, killing 21 people. The total death toll was 27; 19 Australian sailors, 2 British sailors and 6 Japanese Submarine Pilots.

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1. What type of source is it?
It is a primary source
2. Who authored/created it?
Unknown Photographer, Sydney 1942
3. When was it created?
1942
4. What historical events were occurring when it was created?
Sydney was just attacked by submarines and the remnants of the destroyed midget submarines and the Kuttabul were being recovered from the harbour.
5. Why was it created?  Who was the intended audience?
This source was created, most likely for the media and for the general population. It would later be used as primary evidence.
6. What point of view/position does the author/creator represent?
There is no real side represented, however the photographer was probably Australian and aligned with its interests
7. How does the point of view/position shape the source?
The picture is not shaped by any opinions, but, it shows the ruthlessness given by the Japanese.
8. What evidence does it contribute to your understanding of WWII?
It shows us how dangerous war can be and how it can hurt anyone, regardless of how far from the battlefields anyone can be.

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Primary Source Analyisis

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The Legacy of the Japanese Submarine attack on Sydney was that the Australian Government stepped up the war effort and began increased rationing and industrial conscription, where many men and women were put into factories to produce supplies and ease the effort on the soldiers.

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Midget Submarine:  Is any submarine under 150 tons. that can shoot torpedos

Kuttabul: A ship sunken by the submarines

Ambassador: an accredited diplomat sent by a state as its permanent representative in a foreign country

Repatriated: To send (someone) back to their own country.

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Source 1
Source 2
Source 3

http://www.ww2australia.gov.au/underattack/sydharbour.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attack_on_Sydney_Harbour

http://www.naa.gov.au/collection/fact-sheets/fs192.aspx

https://www.awm.gov.au/exhibitions/underattack/bombed/sydney.asp
http://www.navy.gov.au/history/feature-histories/japanese-midget-submarine-attack-sydney-harbour

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There wads an uproar in the press the next morning which demanded to know why our coastal guns hadn’t fired a shot at the mother sub. It was discovered that guns and searchlights weren’t manned that night with invasion thought to be only weeks away.
Source 3

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Research Notes

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“ If London can take it, Surry Hills can take it!

Mrs Jones, Surry Hills

- This shows the opinion of a woman in Sydney who is prepared to fight for and defend her country

Source 1

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Mr. Kawai, Japan's ambassador to Australia, was repatriated. This shows how Australia was beginning to sever diplomatic ties with Japan during wartime.

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The cause and consequences of the attack was the location of a US warship, the USS Chicago. This was spotted by Japanese airborne scouts who then reported back to their leaders. 3 submarines were sent to Sydney Heads who then each deployed 1 midget submarine each. The midget submarines then moved into the harbour, 2 of them self destructed, and the third accidentally sank the Kuttabul. 19 Australian Mariners, 2 British Mariners and 6 Japanese Mariners were killed.

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Survivors remember Sydney Harbour attack

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Veterans and family members have stopped to remember an attack by Japanese submarines on vessels moored in Sydney Harbour during World War II.