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LAY OUT (Including use of colours-setting) 

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LAY OUT (Including use of colours-setting) 

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Firstly, we perceive a general view of the comic. It is indeed friendly since it portrays the emblematic figure of Snoopy and peanuts itself. The comic follows as having concretely fourteen panels which at this point can be seen as the usual structure for Schulz´s caricatures. Hence, and as a recurrent aspect throughout these comics the first and second panels are slightly greater than the following panels with the intention of stating the title, general idea or slight theme, for example, in this specific case the reader comprehends that the chronology of the story is developing  in the festive time of the year “new year” (Jan-1), that Snoopy is worried about something as he proceeds to comment the agitated negative expression of “rats”, and that Charlie Brown is aiding and featuring in the narrative.

Now that one has understood the first idea of the story in the beginning of a 1x2 frame introduction, the comic enrolls into being 3x6 (or 2x6 one can say) having two rows with six panels each. The overall structure of the layout and organization of having six panels in the middle and end indicate the intention of not just being aesthetically pleasant to the human eye as it is well thought and neat, but having the climax and plot evolve step-by-step or just panel-by-panel will nevertheless achieve to present the distant message and intention in a simple and easy manner for a general audience  to follow the storyline (in comparison to for example superhero comics in which alterations within the panels are existent so the aesthetics and drawings may seem amusing but sometimes even complicated to comprehend).

Regarding the setting in general, it is a matter of fact that the use of pale and weak colors excludes any possible sense of uneasiness in this war comic, that is, before panel number eleven. The build up of the setting is once again stated and characterized by Snoopy's imagination, he wears first a party hat and his scarf again to connote the time and place in space but then proceeds to wear his aviator goggles when the comic begins. Snoopy seems to be at a French cafe (we know it’s French because of the Jargon and the effective use of lines to make up a restaurant/cafe table) in the majority of the panels. However, this tension of being unhappy at a cafe is interrupted in the layout when the gutter indicates a change of setting from a war cafe to a cold, rainy outside. Observing the gutter that shifts to panel eleven there is now a visual aggressiveness done by pen/undefined lines that will represent heavy rain. Hence, the cafe setting is clarified as it being his Sopwith camel (or doghouse, that's why it is necessary to mention his imagination) in this gutter division. Lastly, the final panel will also require a gutter for the change of place (heavy rain to home sweet home) and the dark shade at the background will refer as it being nighttime and possible “The End”.

There are as well two aspects worth mentioning, and that is in panel number eleven to thirteen, in which the shot goes from medium to large/full body so the reader is able to see how Snoopy is affected by the whole situation. Moreover, the predominant type of bubble is precisely the thought bubble, remarking the philosophical thought of thoughts being more powerful than words, permitting the reader to discern what Snoopy really thinks, truthfully.

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From the comic in general it is clear the principal theme of war effect in soldiers described by Schulz as a veteran. Nonetheless, the comic is structured in a way on which each panel could compliment the next ones to deliberately touch various subtopic regarding the main one and gathering them all build a bigger message developed by the little ones constructed by those sub-themes touched.

The first theme manage to treat is present in the panels 2, 3 and 4, soldiers actually facing their current scenario of experiencing a time supposed to be of joy and happiness by spending their time wondering when war will culminate and what will be of them in their future. This theme in fact is very frequent in those ones who are present actively in conflicts provoked mainly by interpersonal conflicts between political leaders with opposite ideologies, in panel 3 Snoopy clarifies that lack of knowledge they have about where they are standing for by saying "Alone in a strange country", proving shortage of information makes that longing of new year's day even more powerful which simultaneously cause even more dejection about war topic. From what is identify in those three panels is that emotional consequence that resumes in loneliness and nostalgia that conflicts generate. The usefulness of nostalgia in this first context is to inculcate in the audience the need of reflection and understanding the importance of company and therefore in its estimation before  loneliness predominates. Finally making clear that all days seem valuable when soldiers are alone in unknown territories and instead those war days seem far from being over.

In panels 5 and 6 the demonstration of desperation and despondent soldiers have when realizing that conclusion of war those not lay in their hands and prefer consequently to drown their sorrows in alcohol which then could become a addiction that mist their participation in violence and somehow non intentional assassination. Between panel 5 and 6 we see a contrast i humor change from anxiousness which derivatives in yelling and demand for the root beer to end up in rhetorical questions formulated by the ruling of melancholia in Snoopy. Snoopy in the 6th panels speaks for all the soldiers, quoting "How many root beers can a man drink? How many does it take to drive the agony form your brain?", soldiers who once thought they were capable to end war but then realize that they are a kind of scapegoat used by politicians and prefer to use alcohol as flee method that permitted them liberate from the sense of sadness they are feeling from being alone, disoriented, without love and powerless.

Following with panels 7, 8,9 and 10 the focussing of them is in liberating repressed feelings and converting demotivation into motivation for revenge for their current emotional and psychological state. This topic contains a message more dedicated for veterans who know what the feeling was and why their anger is justified, since from an ethical and moral view incite revenge is not well seen for younger audience. Snoopy within these panels demonstrates a pattern of rage beginning with "And curse you Red Baron, wherever you are!", "I'm going to get you yet!I'm going to shoot you down" and then proved with the word mentioned in the 9th panel "Disturbance? Who's creating a disturbance?". All this panels combined resume the topic of lost of patience, revenge and exasperation experienced at a certain point by soldiers that detonate after a series of mixed feelings of sadness, guilt and absence represented in the first panels by Snoopy. Also smethin key form the attitude present in the topic touched in thui s 4 panels is the reason for which soldiers kill by sport in war, they accustomed to it because they want to free that anger they have been accumulating in the interior as they become a crucial part of conflict.

Finally panel 14 brings another topic that links to post traumatic stress disorder. Based on penales 11, 12 and 13 were abandonment, unimportance and misery outstand, combined with a rainy atmosphere the whole pattern of the comic is emphasized as part of a dream that mortifies and interrupts soldiers/veterans a moment when peace should be leading. The fact those encounters with soldier life feelings appear while sleeping talks about the harsh trauma they suffered along war, and the extreme shifts of feelings conflicts develop in humans.

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Intended effects are mostly a combination of various feelings  intentionally permeate so the reader feels numb in a reflexive manner. Regarding world war I the tone itself has to be of respect and sadness acknowledging the war facts, however molding into a cartoon for a general audience implies more complex sentiments, taking daily feelings and transform them into war related thoughts, which makes the impact in the readers more piercing. Along the comic sharp moods touched are sorrow and rage, both of them combine are the true essence of the comic.

Beginning with panels 2, 3, 4 and 6 a tone focusing in flattening the audience with an inverse intention of generating curiosity on the reason of why the main character Snoopy is feeling down. Diction used like "Alone" and "Mad", tend to generate a pity mood in the reader causing them to identify with Snoopy's characters one who feels too independently on the context of war. Follow with a sighing question in a disgruntled tone, "How much longer...", only with this sentence a deduction that war being developing for a long time is formulated, so the reader knowing the meaning of war empathize with the current situation of Snoopy and therefore with every soldier. Panel 5 is a scale in the pattern of disgruntled tone, in this the consequence or emotional reaction of feeling highly disappointed about his inability to en war eventually transforms into the need to retaliate which immediately means releasing feelings through a bitter facade. Finally panel 6 is that sign that is the product of feelings forced to hide by the need to highlight courage, something society uses to stay stable. Schulz uses the rhetorical self-questioning to reflect emotional pressure each individuals carry in spite of their surrounding, and when the topic of war is the one one touched, the audience feel solemn.  This contraste that exists between the first panels demonstrates the instability of snoopy, something the audience can relate when feeling powerless in terms of not having control of massive human problems in their hands that simultaneously impact their mental health.

Panels 7, 8 and 9 are the resolution of the previous ones mentioned, in these three panels the need for Snoopy to compensate for prior identified feeling of guilt and disappointment is evidenced. In panels 7 and 8 we spot Schulz applying language of revenge and curse, accompanied with exclamation marks, these panels were written with a choleric tone. That belligerent ton is highlighted in panel 9, where the word "disturbance" is used by a character outside the panel, which means Snoopy is exasperated, an attitude that disturbs and worries he reader at the moment for what could happen next, encouraging them to continue reading and refrain from solidifying a specific mood yet.

Finally, panels 11, 12 and 13 collide two moods previously evidenced. The rainy atmosphere generates hopeless feeling and a worsening of the environment, there is no way to fight against the rain no matter how  deranged snoopy is. this is an intentional setting to generate a demotivation in the audience leading to resignation with current feelings, only the rain is necessary to demonstrate the use of a morose  tone, which has the effect of a person being unwilling to speak or pronounce any expression by simply feeling disoriented by the penetrating melancholy. In panel 12 an oxymoron is presented allowing the construction of a contradictory tone with the atmosphere but effective when generating demotivated and desensitized audience by this point.

To conclude, it is important to detect the contrast of tones that are presented in this comic, both being part of a rebound pattern were one feeling leads to another in order to get rid of it. From the use of the combined tones as a reaction to the previous one there is a clear reference to psychological disorders generated by war and in the case of the comic they are expressed through the constant change of mood in Snoopy, going from being down due to its lack of power to empower to release anger. The juxtaposition of tones generates a mood of sentimental uncertainty in the audience, the fact of presenting both sadness and fury synchronically is too much for the reader making them feel numb and opting for deciding their feelings towards the tone once they are done.

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STYLISTIC / LANGUAGE FEATURES - EFFECT ON THE READER 

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STYLISTIC / LANGUAGE FEATURES - EFFECT ON THE READER 

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The power of communicating a controversial or outlying topic by maintaining the objectiveness and factual language aside it’s commonly achieved within the use of language features that may induce a sense of approximately to the reader, regarding the specific topic of peace and conflict.

Thus, the series of the “Peanuts” comics fulfill this statement; in the following storyline the reader is rapidly introduced via an allegory to one of the most significant holidays, new year that is. In the very first panel a sense of familiarity is experienced by the audience as soon as the knowledge of the date “Jan.1” is acquired. An explicit allegory with the help of effective imagery will allow the reader to establish a relationship between the happenings since a major audience is familiar with this date and it is seen as an icon of reincarnation and happiness (thus a sense of familiarity is formed, this chronology is well recognized and a now a worldwide holiday emblematic symbol). That very first panel functions as a preparation for how that allegory is going to be evolved, which will later evoke a pity and disappointment in the receptor.

As it follows in panels two, three and four the reader faces the paradox of this holiday, as it should be a cause of contentment and not desperation which is introduced via Snoopy’s character and its metonymic and hyperbolic key phrases. The ambiguity of how a “new year” is confronted in a war context continues to unwind when Snoopy directly refers to an irony just to remark his disappointment towards not being able to have a humane new year celebration. Whereas this character is the personification of most soldiers and veterans, with a metonymy he will symbolize the absolute disconnection of a soldier when it comes to the world in general and even more when the ability of celebrating such an important holiday is indirectly forbidden for him, provoking the reader to feel the need of being empathic towards the entire situation, as the common persona does not face these issues (even a possible feeling of regretting unthankfulness in one’s daily life can be seen, as there is no comparison to these specific issue). Moreover, the hyperbole when he says “I shall go mad” just strengthens the idea of not being able to handle war anymore at all, that with the burden of being on a holiday and not being actually able to enjoy it. Hence, not only the reader will feel vulnerable and unable to take action in the situation, but remorse & sorrow are feelings underlined in the panels analyzed.

Continuing with panels five, six, seven and eight an overwhelming aura takes place regarding the pragmatographia. Firstly, a slight and ephemeral French jargon is used to allow the reader to understand the context of the setting and else (a French cafe). Consequently, a harsh allusion to alcoholism as a coping mechanism to face isolation is perceived when Snoopy remarks an allusion to his past actions and embraces the agony he is feeling. He then proceeds to curse the war and as it is expected his enemies. This character's allusion to war with the burden and pressure of not enjoying the holiday is not simple to immediately comprehend or empathize with a large audience. He later exaggerates and creates an emphasis in cursing everything and just discerning that the way of managing this gets to the point of a dead end and alcohol, a toxic substance, is the only way to feel tranquil at least for some moments can be (is) quite shocking. Also, the visual stylistic device of the use of bold makes the reader see and notice how he is in pain, drunk and in pain. The darker shade in the font and the use of capital letters (onomatopoeia as he screams) will strengthen one's feeling of generating condolence not directly to Snoopy, but to every single individual who got to experience such unfair and inhumane circumstances.

Continuing this journey of pityness, the last column will most likely leave a bitter taste in one’s mouth and heart. The diction and final visual imagery demonstrate the possible lack of recognition or respect that Schulz feels soldiers face throughout their general experience of serving a country.  Snoopy announces “I'm going to save the world” while keeping downcast eyes and a general upset facial expression, which makes the reader reflect “why is he feeling like this?”, being pretty straightforward, the world isolates him and no sense of empathy towards the symbol of the idea of living  as a soldier is even slightly considered; not even in new year!, it is considerably appalling. Like so, the visual image of the rain and his corporal position in panel number thirteen reinforce his invulnerability towards disconnection. Knowing that this is a common psychological aspects soldiers deal with and it is normalized, pitinyess is strongly entailed and concluded in this peanut’s comic.

The storyline ends when the tired flying ace grumbles after his depressive new year’s celebration, and Charlie's Brown satiric and ironic touch when saying “Happy New Year '', after Snoopy faces the grating cruelty that war creates and grows in Holidays.

The entirety of the comic (its nature) is constructed by satire and a “humorous” sense so a major audience can interpret the circumstances in a friendly manner, also the allusion to holidays aid the intention of communication the inhumane ethos of war to evoke that ethical aspect humanity often lacks but requires from time to time: empathy.

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As we have been analyzing, the global context centralizes on the post possible effects in war. The pity one may infer by discerning these objectives within a quite sataric or just with the use of an emblematic caricature recalls peace and conflict. Whereas it is a blunt fact that the reader encounters a general context of World War I the exposure of the internal conflicts around soldiers is seen just as Snoopy feels Isolated specially in this holiday, and misses having a normal life followed by morals and an ethical sense. Thus, the aspect that refers to peace revolves into not experiencing this; there is no peace in one's characterization when witnessing war, leading to a loss of identity while feeling distant to the general society.