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It was one of the Iberian Peninsula Pre-Roman culture. It was situated in Sevilla, Huelva, Cádiz.

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Was ruled by a monarch and its laws.
Its economy was based on mining.
Were aware of writing.
Goldsmithing was highly skilled.

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The Phoenicians founded Gadir (Cádiz), Malaca (Málaga), Sexi (Almuñécar) and Abdera (Adra) in the 8th century B.C.
The main economic activities carried out by them were trading in metals and preserving fish in salt.

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After the Tartessos, Iberian people lived in Andalucía. They were organisated into city states each ruled by a monarch. They engaged in arable farming, livestock farming, mining, trading in metals and metalworking. They made objects such as falcatas.
One important sculpture is the Lady of Baza that is showed in the photo.

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The Second Punic War and the conquest of the south and the Levante

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The Second Punic War and the conquest of the south and the Levante

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The war began in 219 B.C. when the Carthagian army, led by Hannibal, attacked and destroyed Sagunto.
In 218 B.C., Rome sent an army to Hispania, which disembarked in Emporion.
In 211 B.C., the Roman army suffered two great defeats. The roman general Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus took a lot of territories of Hispania. Hispania was ruled by Rome.

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In the 2nd century B.C., the Romans fought against the Luistanians. Then Viratus led a rebellion. He defeated the Romans on numerous occasions and in 139 B.C. he was assassinated and the Romans took control.

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In the 2nd century B.C., the Romans fought against the Celtiberians. They conquestNumantia. Rome had the best general, Scipio Aemilianus. Then the Numantians burnt their city.

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Between 29 and 19 B.C., the Emperor Octavius Augustus arrived in Hispania and all the peninsula was led by Rome.

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The main were agriculture, livestock farming and mining.
In agriculture and livestock farming, large farms established and used slaves. The main were cereals, oil and wine. In the mining they mined gold, silver, lead and mercury.
The cities were trade centres and a network of Roman roads were established like Via Augusta. Metals, oil, wine, salted fish, garmun and local pottery were exported from Hispania.

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Was dvided into three groups that were the patricians, who held the most important positions and the rich citizens. Below them were the plebeians, who lived modestly and worked for the rich citizens. And the slaves who were at the bottom.
This are the Patricians.

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It divided it into provinces. A governor was put in a charge of each one. His representatives, the duumviri, controled the cities. Other officials are aediles and censors. Two prvinces were established: Hispania Citerior and Hispania Uterior.
At the end of the 1st century B.C. the emperor Augustus divided Hispania into three provinces: Tarraconesis, Lusitania and Baetica.
Then at the end of the empire these new provinces were created: Gallaecia, Carthaginesis and Balearica.

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The Iberian and Celtic settlements under Roman control became municipalities. After leaving the army, legionary veterans established numerous colonies. The emperor Vespasian gave the same rights to all and the Emperor Caracalla gave Roman citizenship.
Important emperors were born in Hispania.

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After wars, we adopted Roman culture and way of live called Romanisation. It started in the 1st century B.C. and it began the Pax Romana period. Then the Latin was spoken in each región and emerged the languages that we have now. Roman patricians established in Hispania.